Bill Text: WV HB4092 | 2020 | Regular Session | Introduced
Bill Title: Relating to foster care
Spectrum: Bipartisan Bill
Status: (Passed) 2020-04-15 - Chapter 40, Acts, Regular Session, 2020 [HB4092 Detail]
Download: West_Virginia-2020-HB4092-Introduced.html
WEST virginia legislature
2020 regular session
Introduced
House Bill 4092
By Delegates Hill, Pack, Summers, Espinsoa, Hanna, Worrell, Estep-Burton, Lavendar-Bowe, Pushkin, Thompson, C., and Walker
[Introduced January 10, 2020; Referred to the Committee on Health and Human Resources then the Judiciary]
Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:
ARTICLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS.
§49-1-206. Definitions related, but not limited to, child advocacy, care, residential, and treatment programs.
When used in this chapter, terms defined in this section have the meanings ascribed to them that relate to, but are not limited to, child advocacy, care, residential, and treatment programs, except in those instances where a different meaning is provided or the context in which the word used clearly indicates that a different meaning is intended.
“Child Advocacy Center
(CAC)” means a community-based organization that is a member in good standing
with the West Virginia Child Abuse Advocacy Network, Inc., as set
forth in §49-3-101 of this code.
“Child care” means responsibilities assumed and services performed in relation to a child’s physical, emotional, psychological, social, and personal needs and the consideration of the child’s rights and entitlements, but does not include secure detention or incarceration under the jurisdiction of the Division of Corrections and Rehabilitation pursuant to §49-2-901 et seq. of this code. It includes the provision of child care services or residential services.
“Child care center” means a facility maintained by the state or any county or municipality thereof, or any agency or facility maintained by an individual, firm, corporation, association, or organization, public or private, for the care of 13 or more children for child care services in any setting, if the facility is open for more than 30 days per year per child.
“Child care services” means direct care and protection of children during a portion of a 24- hour day outside of the child’s own home which provides experiences to children that foster their healthy development and education.
“Child placing agency” means a child welfare agency organized for the purpose of placing children in private family homes for foster care or for adoption. The function of a child placing agency may include the investigation and certification of foster family homes and foster family group homes as provided in this chapter. The function of a child placing agency may also include the supervision of children who are 16 or 17 years old and living in unlicensed residences.
“Child welfare agency” means any agency or facility maintained by the state or any county or municipality thereof, or any agency or facility maintained by an individual, firm, corporation, association, or organization, public or private, to receive children for care and maintenance or for placement in residential care facilities, including, without limitation, private homes or any facility that provides care for unmarried mothers and their children. A child welfare agency does not include juvenile detention facilities or juvenile correctional facilities operated by or under contract with the Division of Corrections and Rehabilitation, pursuant to §49-2-901 et seq. of this code, nor any other facility operated by that division for the secure housing or holding of juveniles committed to its custody.
“Community based” means a facility, program, or service located near the child’s home or family and involving community participation in planning, operation, and evaluation and which may include, but is not limited to, medical, educational, vocational, social, and psychological guidance, training, special education, counseling, substance abuse, and any other treatment or rehabilitation services.
“Community-based juvenile probation sanctions” means any of a continuum of nonresidential accountability measures, programs, and sanctions in response to a technical violation of probation, as part of a system of community-based juvenile probation sanctions and incentives, that may include, but are not limited to:
(A) Electronic monitoring;
(B) Drug and alcohol screening, testing, or monitoring;
(C) Youth reporting centers;
(D) Reporting and supervision requirements;
(E) Community service; and
(F) Rehabilitative interventions such as family counseling, substance abuse treatment, restorative justice programs, and behavioral or mental health treatment.
“Community services” means nonresidential prevention or intervention services or programs that are intended to reduce delinquency and future court involvement.
“Evidence-based practices” means policies, procedures, programs, and practices demonstrated by research to reliably produce reductions in the likelihood of reoffending.
“Facility” means a place or residence, including personnel, structures, grounds, and equipment used for the care of a child or children on a residential or other basis for any number of hours a day in any shelter or structure maintained for that purpose. Facility does not include any juvenile detention facility or juvenile correctional facility operated by or under contract with the Division of Corrections and Rehabilitation for the secure housing or holding of juveniles committed to its custody.
“Family child care facility” means any facility which is used to provide nonresidential child care services for compensation for seven to 12 children, including children who are living in the household, who are under six years of age. A facility may be in a provider’s residence or a separate building.
“Family child care home” means a facility which is used to provide nonresidential child care services for compensation in a provider’s residence. The provider may care for four to six children at one time, including children who are living in the household, who are under six years of age.
“Family resource network” means:
(A) A local community organization charged with service coordination, needs and resource assessment, planning, community mobilization, and evaluation, and which has met the following criteria:
(i) Agreeing to a single governing entity;
(ii) Agreeing to engage in activities to improve service systems for children and families within the community;
(iii) Addressing a geographic area of a county or two or more contiguous counties;
(iv) Having nonproviders, which include family representatives and other members who are not employees of publicly funded agencies, as the majority of the members of the governing body, and having family representatives as the majority of the nonproviders;
(v) Having representatives of local service agencies, including, but not limited to, the public health department, the behavioral health center, the local health and human resources agency, and the county school district, on the governing body; and
(vi) Accepting principles consistent with the cabinet’s mission as part of its philosophy.
(B) A family resource network may not provide direct services, which means to provide programs or services directly to children and families.
“Family support”, for the purposes of §49-2-601 et seq. of this code, means goods and services needed by families to care for their family members with developmental disabilities and to enjoy a quality of life comparable to other community members.
“Family support program” means a coordinated system of family support services administered by the Department of Health and Human Resources through contracts with behavioral health agencies throughout the state.
“Foster family home” means
a private residence which is used for the care on a residential basis of no
more than five six children who are unrelated by blood, marriage,
or adoption to any adult member of the household.
“Health care and treatment” means:
(A) Developmental screening;
(B) Mental health screening;
(C) Mental health treatment;
(D) Ordinary and necessary medical and dental examination and treatment;
(E) Preventive care including ordinary immunizations, tuberculin testing, and well-child care; and
(F) Nonemergency diagnosis and treatment. However, nonemergency diagnosis and treatment does not include an abortion.
“Home-based family preservation services” means services dispensed by the Department of Health and Human Resources or by another person, association, or group who has contracted with that division to dispense services when those services are intended to stabilize and maintain the natural or surrogate family in order to prevent the placement of children in substitute care. There are two types of home-based family preservation services and they are as follows:
(A) Intensive, short-term intervention of four to six weeks; and
(B) Home-based, longer-term after care following intensive intervention.
“Informal family child care” means a home that is used to provide nonresidential child care services for compensation for three or fewer children, including children who are living in the household who are under six years of age. Care is given in the provider’s own home to at least one child who is not related to the caregiver.
“Needs Assessment” means an evidence-informed assessment which identifies the needs a child or family has, which, if left unaddressed, will likely increase the chance of reoccurring.
“Nonsecure facility” means any public or private residential facility not characterized by construction fixtures designed to physically restrict the movements and activities of individuals held in lawful custody in that facility and which provides its residents access to the surrounding community with supervision.
“Nonviolent misdemeanor offense” means a misdemeanor offense that does not include any of the following:
(A) An act resulting in bodily injury or death;
(B) The use of a weapon in the commission of the offense;
(C) A domestic abuse offense involving a significant or likely risk of harm to a family member or household member;
(D) A criminal sexual conduct offense; or
(E) Any offense for driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
“Out-of-home placement” means a post-adjudication placement in a foster family home, group home, nonsecure facility, emergency shelter, hospital, psychiatric residential treatment facility, staff secure facility, hardware secure facility, detention facility, or other residential placement other than placement in the home of a parent, custodian, or guardian.
“Out-of-school time” means a child care service which offers activities to children before and after school, on school holidays, when school is closed due to emergencies, and on school calendar days set aside for teacher activities.
“Placement” means any temporary or permanent placement of a child who is in the custody of the state in any foster home, group home, or other facility or residence.
“Pre-adjudicatory community supervision” means supervision provided to a youth prior to adjudication, for a period of supervision up to one year for an alleged status or delinquency offense.
“Regional family support council” means the council established by the regional family support agency to carry out the responsibilities specified in §49-2-601 et seq. of this code.
“Relative family child care” means a home that provides nonresidential child care services only to children related to the caregiver. The caregiver is a grandparent, great grandparent, aunt, uncle, great-aunt, great-uncle, or adult sibling of the child or children receiving care. Care is given in the provider’s home.
“Residential services” means child care which includes the provision of nighttime shelter and the personal discipline and supervision of a child by guardians, custodians, or other persons or entities on a continuing or temporary basis. It may include care or treatment, or both, for transitioning adults. Residential services does not include or apply to any juvenile detention facility or juvenile correctional facility operated by the Division of Corrections and Rehabilitation, created pursuant to this chapter, for the secure housing or holding of juveniles committed to its custody.
“Risk and needs assessment” means a validated, standardized actuarial tool which identifies specific risk factors that increase the likelihood of reoffending and the factors that, when properly addressed, can reduce the likelihood of reoffending.
“Secure facility” means any public or private residential facility which includes construction fixtures designed to physically restrict the movements and activities of juveniles or other individuals held in lawful custody in such facility.
“Staff secure facility” means any public or private residential facility characterized by staff restrictions of the movements and activities of individuals held in lawful custody in such facility, and which limits its residents’ access to the surrounding community, but is not characterized by construction fixtures designed to physically restrict the movements and activities of residents.
“Standardized screener” means a brief, validated nondiagnostic inventory or questionnaire designed to identify juveniles in need of further assessment for medical, substance abuse, emotional, psychological, behavioral, or educational issues, or other conditions.
“State family support council” means the council established by the Department of Health and Human Resources pursuant to §49-2-601 et seq. of this code to carry out the responsibilities specified in §49-2-101 et seq. of this code.
“Time-limited reunification services” means individual, group, and family counseling, inpatient, residential, or outpatient substance abuse treatment services, mental health services, assistance to address domestic violence, services designed to provide temporary child care, and therapeutic services for families, including crisis nurseries and transportation to or from those services, provided during 15 of the most recent 22 months a child or juvenile has been in foster care, as determined by the earlier date of the first judicial finding that the child is subjected to abuse or neglect, or the date which is 60 days after the child or juvenile is removed from home.
“Technical violation” means an act that violates the terms or conditions of probation or a court order that does not constitute a new delinquent offense.
“Truancy diversion specialist” means a school-based probation officer or truancy social worker within a school or schools who, among other responsibilities, identifies truants and the causes of the truant behavior, and assists in developing a plan to reduce the truant behavior prior to court involvement.
ARTICLE 2. STATE RESPONSIBILITIES FOR CHILDREN.
§49-2-102. Minimum staffing complement for child protective services.
[Repealed.]
§49-2-104. Education of the public.
[Repealed.]
§49-2-108. Visits and inspections; records.
The department or its
authorized agent shall visit and inspect every certified foster home as often
as is necessary to assure proper care is given to the children. Every certified
foster home shall maintain a record of the children received. This record shall
include information as prescribed by the department in legislative rule and
shall be in a type, form and manner as prescribed by the department
in legislative rule.
§49-2-110. Development of standards of child care.
The department shall
develop standards for the care of children. It shall cooperate with, advise and
assist all child welfare agencies, including state institutions, which care for
neglected, delinquent, or mentally or physically handicapped special
needs children, and shall supervise those agencies. The department, in
cooperation with child welfare agencies, shall formulate and make available
standards of child care and services for children, to which all child welfare
agencies must conform.
§49-2-111. Supervision of child welfare agencies by the department; records and reports.
(a) In order to improve
standards of child care, the department shall cooperate with the governing
boards of child welfare agencies, assist the staffs of those agencies through
advice on progressive methods and procedures of child care and improvement of the
service rendered, and assist in the development of community plans of child
care. The department, or its duly authorized agent, may visit any child welfare
agency to advise the agency on matters affecting the health of children. and
to inspect the sanitation of the buildings used for their care.
(b) Each child welfare agency shall keep records of each child under its control and care as the department may prescribe, and shall report to the department, whenever requested, facts as may be required with reference to the children, upon forms furnished by the department. All records regarding children and all facts learned about children and their parents or relatives shall be regarded as confidential and shall be properly safeguarded by the agency and the department.
(c) The Bureau for Children and Families shall create and maintain a database. This database shall contain information about each open foster family in the state including names, address, county, Child Placing Agency, genders and ages of children currently in the home, number of children the family is able to accept as well as genders, ages, and special needs the family will accept. This database shall be housed at the Bureau for Children and Families and shall be maintained by the Bureau and all Child Placing Agencies. Updated information shall be submitted in a timely manner on a regular basis. This database will be used by Child Protective Services workers, Home-finders, and Child Placing Agency staff to aid in matching children with appropriate families, for targeted recruitment of foster families, and for such other purposes as may be appropriate.
§49-2-112. Family homes; approval of incorporation by Secretary of State; approval of articles of incorporation.
(a) Before issuing a charter for the incorporation of any
organization having as its purpose the receipt of children for care or for
placement in family homes, the Secretary of State shall provide a copy of the
petition, together with any other information in his or her possession
pertaining to the proposed corporation, to the secretary. and no charter for
a corporation may be issued unless the secretary shall first certify to the
Secretary of State that it has investigated the need for the services proposed
and the merits of the proposed charitable corporation and recommends the
issuance thereof; applications for amendments of any existing charter shall be
similarly referred and shall be granted only upon similar approval.
(b) A child welfare agency
may not be incorporated in this state unless the articles of incorporation have
first been examined and approved by the secretary, or his or her designee.
Proposed amendments to articles of incorporation shall be subject to the
examination and approval of the secretary, or his or her designee
§49-2-118. Closing of facilities by the secretary; placement of children.
When the secretary finds that the operation of a residential care facility constitutes an immediate danger of serious harm to children served by the facility, the secretary shall issue an order of closure terminating operation of the facility. When necessary, the secretary shall place or direct the placement of the children in a residential facility which has been closed into appropriate facilities. A facility closed by the secretary may not operate pending administrative or judicial review without court order.
§49-2-121. Rule-making.
(a) The secretary shall
promulgate legislative rules in accordance with chapter twenty-nine-a §29A-3-1
et seq. of this code regarding the licensure, approval,
certification, and registration of child care facilities and the implementation
of this article. The rules shall provide at a minimum the requirement that
every residential child care facility shall be subject to an annual time study
regarding the quantification of staff supervision time at each facility. Every
residential child care facility shall participate in the time study at the
request of the department
(b) The secretary shall review the rules promulgated pursuant to this article at least once every five years, making revisions when necessary or convenient.
(c) The rules shall incorporate by reference the requirements of the Integrated Pest Management Program established by legislative rule by the Department of Agriculture under §19-16A-4 of this code.
§49-2-124. Certificate of need not required; conditions; review.
(a) A certificate of need, as provided in §16-2D-1
et seq. of this code is not required by an entity proposing behavioral
health care facilities or behavioral health care services for children who are
placed out of their home, or who are at imminent risk of being placed out of
their home. if a summary review is performed in accordance with this
section.
(b) A summary review of
proposed health care facilities or health care services for children who are
placed out of their home, or who are at imminent risk of being placed out of
their home, is initiated when the proposal is recommended to the health care
cost review authority by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human
Resources and the secretary has made the following findings:
(1) That the proposed
facility or service is consistent with the state health plan;
(2) That the proposed
facility or service is consistent with the department's programmatic and fiscal
plan for behavioral health services for children with mental health and
addiction disorders;
(3) That the proposed
facility or service contributes to providing services that are child and family
driven, with priority given to keeping children in their own homes;
(4) That the proposed
facility or service will contribute to reducing the number of child placements
in out-of-state facilities by making placements available in in-state
facilities;
(5) That the proposed
facility or service contributes to reducing the number of child placements in
in-state or out-of-state facilities by returning children to their families,
placing them in foster care programs or making available school-based and
out-patient services; and
(6) If applicable, that
the proposed services will be community-based, locally accessible and provided
in an appropriate setting consistent with the unique needs and potential of
each child and his or her family.
(c) The secretary's
findings required by subsection (b) of this section shall be filed with the
secretary's recommendation and appropriate documentation. If the secretary's
findings are supported by the accompanying documentation, the proposal shall
not require a certificate of need.
(d) Any entity that does
not qualify for summary review shall be subject to certificate of need review.
(e) Notwithstanding any
other provision of law to the contrary, the provision of regular or therapeutic
foster care services does not constitute a behavioral health care facility or a
behavioral health care service that would subject it to the summary review
procedure established in this section or to the certificate of need
requirements provided in article two-d, chapter sixteen of this code
§49-2-125. Commission to Study Residential Placement of Children; findings; requirements; reports; recommendations.
[Repealed.]
§49-2-126. Foster Children’s Bill of Rights.
(a) The Legislature
finds and declares that the design and delivery of child welfare services
should be directed by the principle that the health and safety of children
should be of paramount concern and, therefore, establishes the goals for
children in foster care. A child in foster care should have:
(1) Protection by a
family of his or her own, and be provided readily available services and
support through care of an adoptive family or by plan, a continuing foster
family;
(2) Nurturing by foster
parents who have been selected to meet his or her individual needs, and who are
provided services and support, including specialized education, so that the
child can grow to reach his or her potential;
(3) A safe foster home
free of violence, abuse, neglect and danger;
(4) The ability to
communicate with the assigned social worker or case worker overseeing the
child's case and have calls made to the social worker or case worker returned
within a reasonable period of time;
(5) Permission to remain
enrolled in the school the child attended before being placed in foster care,
if at all possible;
(6) Participation in
school extracurricular activities, community events, and religious practices;
(7) Communication with
the biological parents. Communication is necessary if the child placed in
foster care receives any immunizations and if any additional immunizations are
needed, if the child will be transitioning back into a home with his or her
biological parents;
(8) A bank or savings
account established in accordance with state laws and federal regulations;
(9) Identification and
other permanent documents, including a birth certificate, social security card
and health records by the age of sixteen, to the extent allowed by federal and
state law;
(10) The use of
appropriate communication measures to maintain contact with siblings if the
child placed in foster care is separated from his or her siblings; and
(11) Meaningful
participation in a transition plan for those phasing out of foster care.
(b) A person shall not
have a cause of action against the state or any of its subdivisions, agencies,
contractors, subcontractors, or agents, based upon the adoption of or failure
to provide adequate funding for the achievement fo these goals by the
Legislature. Nothing in this section requires the expenditure of funds to meet
the goals established in this section, except funds specifically appropriated
for that purpose.
(c) The West Virginia
Department of Health and Human Resources shall propose rules for promulgation
in accordance with the provisions of article three, chapter twenty-nine-a of
this code to ensure that a child has an effective means of being heard if he or
she believes the goals of this section are not being met.
(d) When a child who was
previously placed into foster care, but left the custody or guardianship of the
department, is again placed into foster care, the department shall notify the
foster parents who most recently cared for the child of the child's
availability for foster care placement to determine if the foster parents are
desirous of seeking a foster care arrangement for the child. The arrangement
may only be made if the foster parents are otherwise qualified or can become
qualified to enter into the foster care arrangement with the department and if
the arrangement is in the best interests of the child: Provided, That
the department may petition the court to waive notification to the foster
parents. This waiver may be granted, ex parte, upon a showing of compelling
circumstances
(a) The West Virginia Legislature further finds that it is in the best interest of West Virginia’s child welfare system to acknowledge foster children as active and participating members of this system and to support them through the following bill of rights:
(1) To live in a safe, healthy, and comfortable least restrictive setting possible where he or she is treated with respect.
(2) To be free from physical, sexual, psychological, or other abuse, exploitation or corporal punishment.
(3) To receive adequate and healthy food, adequate fitting clothing, and, a travel bag.
(4) To receive medical, dental, vision, mental health services, substance use treatment services;
(5) To be free of the administration of medication or chemical substances, unless authorized by a physician.
(6) To contact and communicate privately with family members, unless prohibited by court order, and social workers, attorneys, foster youth advocates and supporters, Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA), and probation officers.
(7) To visit and contact brothers and sisters, as may be reasonably accommodated, unless prohibited by court order, the case plan, or other extenuating circumstances.
(8) To contact the Bureau of Children and Families or the foster care ombudsperson regarding violations of rights, to speak to representatives of these offices confidentially, and to be free from threats, retaliation, or punishment for making complaints.
(9) To make and receive confidential telephone calls and send and receive unopened mail, unless prohibited by court order or the case plan.
(10) To maintain contact with all previous caregivers and other important adults in his or her life, if desired, unless prohibited by court order.
(11) To attend religious services and activities of his or her choice.
(12) To establish a bank account and manage personal income, consistent with the child’s age and developmental level, unless prohibited by the case plan.
(13) To not be locked in any room, building, or facility premises.
(14) To attend school, the foster child’s school of origin if feasible, and participate in extracurricular, cultural, and personal enrichment activities, consistent with the child’s age and developmental level, and with family’s ability to provide specific activities with consideration for finances and scheduling.
(15) To work and develop job skills at an age-appropriate level that is consistent with state law.
(16) To have social contacts with people outside of the foster care system, such as teachers, church members, mentors, and friends.
(17) To attend Independent Living Program classes and activities if he or she meets age requirements.
(18) To attend court hearings and speak to the judge.
(19) To have storage space for private use.
(20) To review his or her own case plan if he or she is over 12 years of age and to receive information about his or her out-of-home placement and case plan, including being told of changes to the plan.
(21) To be free from unreasonable searches of personal belongings.
(22) To have fair and equal access to all available services, placement, care, treatment, and benefits, and to not be subjected to discrimination or harassment.
(23) As soon as developmentally appropriate, to have access to existing information regarding the educational options available, including, but not limited to, the coursework necessary for vocational and postsecondary educational programs, and information regarding financial aid for postsecondary education.
(24) To be informed of the reason for placement in foster care, and of what will happen to the child’s family and siblings.
(25) To receive a copy of and have explained the rights set forth in this section.
(26) To receive care to a reasonable and prudent parent standard, appropriate to the age and development level of the child.
(b) The rights provided for in this section do not create grounds for a civil action against the state. These rights shall be implemented by the foster care ombudsman, as provided in §49-9-1 et seq. of this code.
(c) The rights provided for in this section supersede the rights provided for in §49-2-127 of this code.
§49-2-127. Foster Parents’ and Kinship Bill of Rights.
(a) The West Virginia Legislature finds that foster parents and kinship placements providing care for children who are in the custody of the department play an integral, indispensable, and vital role in the state’s effort to care for children displaced from their homes. The West Virginia Legislature further finds that it is in the best interest of West Virginia’s child welfare system to acknowledge foster parents and kinship placements as active and participating members of this system and to support them through the following bill of rights for foster parents and kinship placements:
(1) The right to be treated with dignity, respect, and trust as a primary provider of foster care and a member of the professional team caring for foster children;
(2) The right to continue with his or her own family values and beliefs, so long as the values and beliefs of the foster child and the birth family are not infringed upon.
(3) The right to receive both training by the Child Placing Agency or the Bureau of Children and Families at appropriate intervals to meet mutually assessed needs of the child and to improve foster parents’ skills and to inform foster parents of any changes in policies and procedures.
(4) The right to receive assistance when dealing with loss and separation when a child leaves the foster home.
(5) The right to child care for all children in the household provided at no cost to the parent while attending training, groups, or events required by the Child Placing Agency or the Bureau for Children and Families, without reduction in available respite days.
(6) The right to be informed of information, laws, and guidelines on the obligations, responsibilities, and opportunities of foster parenting and to be kept updated of any changes in laws, policies, and procedures regarding foster parenting in a timely manner and at least annually;
(7) The right to receive financial reimbursement disbursed on or before the 15th day of each calendar month according to the agreement between the foster parents and the child placing agency or the department and to be notified of any costs or expenses for which the foster parent may be eligible for reimbursement;
(8) The right to receive information from the Bureau of Children and Families and the child placing agency on how to receive services and reach personnel 24 hours per day, seven days per week;
(9) The right prior to the placement of a child to be notified of any issues relative to the child that may jeopardize the health and safety of the foster family or the child, or alter the manner in which foster care should be administered;
(10) To receive, prior to placement of a child, all known information relating to the child’s behavior, family background, health history, or special needs and receive updates relevant to the care of the child as it becomes available, as allowable under state and federal laws;
(11) The right to refuse placement of a child in the foster home or to request, upon reasonable notice, the removal of a child from the foster home without fear of reprisal or any adverse effect on being assigned any future foster or adoptive placements;
(12) The right to receive any information through the Bureau of Children and Families regarding the number of times a foster child has been moved and the reasons therefor; and to receive the names and phone numbers of the previous foster parents if the previous foster parents have authorized such release and as allowable under state and federal law;
(13) The right to communicate with the foster child’s birth family only be restricted when necessary for safety of the foster family or the child which may only be restricted when necessary for safety of the foster family or the child.
(14) The right to be provided with a written copy of the individual treatment and service plan concerning the child in the foster parent’s home and to discuss such plan with the case manager, as well as reasonable notification of any changes to that plan, including timely notice of the need to remove a child from the foster home and the reasons for the removal.
(15) The right to participate in the planning of visitation between the child and the child’s biological family with the foster parents recognizing that visitation with his or her biological family is important to the child;
(16) The right to participate with timely and reasonable notice, in the case planning and decision-making process with the Bureau of Children and Families regarding the child as provided in §49-4-101 et seq. of this code;
(17) The right to provide input concerning the plan of services for the child and to have that input considered by the department;
(18) The right to communicate with other professionals who work with such child including, but not limited to, therapists, physicians, and teachers, as allowable under state and federal law;
(19) The right to be notified in advance, in writing, by the Bureau of Children and Families or the court of any hearing or review where the case plan or permanency of the child is an issue, including initial and periodic reviews held by the court, hearings following revocation of the license of an agency which has permanent custody of a child, and permanency plan hearings.;
(20) The right to be considered, where appropriate, as a permanent placement option when a child who was formerly placed with the foster parents has reentered the foster care system;
(21) The right to be considered, where appropriate, as the first choice as a permanent parent or parents for a child who, after 12 months of placement in the foster home, is released for adoption or legal guardianship;
(22) The right to be provided a fair, timely and impartial investigation of complaints concerning the operation of a foster home and to an explanation of a corrective action plan or policy violation relating to foster parents; and
(23) The right, to the extent allowed under state and federal law, to have an advocate present at all portions of investigations of abuse and neglect at which an accused foster parent is present.
(24) The right to be provided with information on how to contact the Foster Care Ombudsman, and to contact the Foster Care Ombudsman regarding violations of rights, to speak to representatives of these offices confidentially, and to be free from threats, retaliation, or punishment for making complaints.
(25) The right to intervene
(26) The right to be included in a centralized database of foster parents.
(27) The right to a minimum of 14 days of respite care per year. “Respite” is defined as a short period of rest or relief and shall not be used while a parent is recovering from a medical event, caring for one of several children in the household experiencing a medical event, or while caring for another family member experiencing a medical event. Assistance with care during those times shall be provided in addition to the 14 days of respite.
(28) The right to receive a written copy of the rights set forth in this section upon certification and upon request
(b) The rights provided for in this section do not create any grounds for a civil action against the state. These rights shall be implemented by the foster care ombudsman.
§49-2-128. Reasonable and prudent parents.
(a) The following terms are defined:
“Age-appropriate” means activities or items that are generally accepted as suitable for children of the same chronological age or level of maturity. Age appropriateness is based on the development of cognitive, emotional, physical, and behavioral capacity that is typical for an age or age group.
“Caregiver” means a person with whom the child is placed in foster care, kinship care, or a designated official for residential treatment facility.
“Reasonable and prudent parent standard” means the standard characterized by careful and sensible parental decisions that maintain the child’s health, safety, and best interests while at the same time encouraging the child’s emotional and developmental growth, that a caregiver shall use when determining whether to allow a child in foster care kinship care to participate in extracurricular, enrichment, and social activities.
(b) Each child who comes into care under this chapter is entitled to participate in age-appropriate extracurricular, enrichment, and social activities.
(c) Caregivers shall use a reasonable and prudent parent standard in determining whether to give permission for a child in out-of-home care to participate in extracurricular, enrichment, and social activities. When using the reasonable and prudent parent standard, the caregiver shall consider:
(1) The child’s age, maturity, and developmental level to maintain the overall health and safety of the child.
(2) The potential risk factors and the appropriateness of the extracurricular, enrichment, and social activity.
(3) The best interest of the child based on information known by the caregiver.
(4) The importance of encouraging the child’s emotional and developmental growth.
(5) The importance of providing the child with the most family-like living experience possible.
(6) The behavioral history of the child and the child’s ability to safely participate in the proposed activity, as with any other child.
(d) Child placing agencies and residential treatment facilities shall have policies consistent with this section and that those agencies and facilities shall promote and protect the ability of children to participate in age-appropriate extracurricular, enrichment, and social activities.
(e) A foster parent or kinship placement may travel out of state with a child, unless prohibited by a previous specific court order. The foster parent or kinship placement shall request approval from the case worker at least 10 days before travel. If the case worker does not respond to the request within three days of the request, the request is approved.
(f) There is created a rebuttable presumption that a care giver has acted as a reasonable and prudent parent.
(g) A caregiver is not liable for harm caused to a child in care who participates in an activity approved by the caregiver, provided that the caregiver has acted as a reasonable and prudent parent, unless the act or omission is an intentional tort or is willful misconduct or wanton, grossly negligent, reckless or criminal conduct.
NOTE: The purpose of this bill is to update the laws on foster care. Creating a foster child and foster parent bill of rights and further defining the reasonable and prudent parent standard.
This bill was recommended for passage during the 2020 legislative session by the Joint Committee on Health.
Strike-throughs indicate language that would be stricken from a heading or the present law, and underscoring indicates new language that would be added.