Bill Text: CA SB1430 | 2023-2024 | Regular Session | Amended
Bill Title: Factual innocence.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)
Status: (Introduced) 2024-05-16 - May 16 hearing: Held in committee and under submission. [SB1430 Detail]
Download: California-2023-SB1430-Amended.html
|
Amended
IN
Senate
April 24, 2024 |
CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE—
2023–2024 REGULAR SESSION
Senate Bill
No. 1430
| Introduced by Senator Glazer |
February 16, 2024 |
An act to amend Sections 851.86, 1485.55, and 13102 of, and to add Sections 11105.55 and 13151.5 to, the Penal Code, relating to crimes.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
SB 1430, as amended, Glazer.
Factual innocence.
Existing law requires the court to order records sealed if a person is found to be factually innocent, including records of arrest and detention, upon written or oral motion of any party. Under existing law, if a writ of habeas corpus or motion to vacate a judgment is granted for specified reasons, the petitioner may move for a finding of factual innocence by a preponderance of the evidence for the purpose of obtaining compensation for the pecuniary injury sustained through the erroneous conviction and incarceration.
This bill would require the Department of Justice in those circumstances to issue to the person a certificate of innocence, innocence and
annotate the person’s state summary criminal history information, and request the law enforcement agency that has jurisdiction over the offense underlying the conviction at issue and any local, state, or federal
agency or entity to which the department provided that criminal record information to also annotate their records, as specified. The bill would require any state or local agency or entity within the State of California that receives notice of this request from the department to annotate any local summary criminal history information for the person and to request that any local, state, or federal agency or entity to which the law enforcement agency provided that criminal offender record information annotate its records, as specified. information. The bill would require courts to order that relief be granted when a person is found to be factually innocent, and would require the court to report those proceedings to the Department of Justice. The bill would additionally require the Department of Justice to send notice
of findings of innocence to all agencies and officers that it had previously notified of the arrest or other proceedings against the person.
By imposing additional duties on local governments, this bill would impose a state-mandated local program.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.
This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.
Digest Key
Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: YES Local Program:Bill Text
The people of the State of California do enact as follows:
SECTION 1.
Section 851.86 of the Penal Code is amended to read:851.86.
Whenever a person is convicted of a charge, and the conviction is set aside based upon a determination that the person was factually innocent of the charge, the judge shall inform the defendant of the availability of indemnity for persons erroneously convicted pursuant to Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 4900) of Title 6 of Part 3, and the time limitations for presenting those claims. The court shall report the finding of innocence to the Department of Justice, utilizing existing reporting methods prescribed by the department, and shall issue both of the following:(a) An order entitling the defendant, upon application to the Department of Justice, to the relief available pursuant to Section 13151.5,
and, upon proof by the defendant, specifying the number of days that the defendant was incarcerated, including in pretrial detention, solely as a result of the former conviction, the number of days that the individual was on parole or community supervision solely as a result of the former conviction, and the number of days the defendant was required to register as a sex offender solely as a result of the former conviction. A person granted relief under this section prior to January 1, 2025, may bring a motion for the relief available under this subdivision and for the relief available pursuant to Section 13151.5. The court shall provide the Department of Justice with any order issued under this subdivision utilizing existing reporting methods prescribed by the department.
(b) Upon written or oral motion of a party in the case or the court, and with
notice to all parties to the case, an order that the records in the case be sealed, including any record of arrest or detention. If such an order is made, the court shall give the defendant a copy of that order and inform the defendant that they may thereafter state they were not arrested for that charge and that they were not convicted of that charge, and that they were found innocent of that charge by the court.
SEC. 2.
Section 1485.55 of the Penal Code is amended to read:1485.55.
(a) In a contested or uncontested proceeding, if the court has granted a writ of habeas corpus or when the court vacates a judgment pursuant to Section 1473.6 and if the court has found that the person is factually innocent, under any standard for factual innocence applicable in those proceedings, that finding shall be binding on the California Victim Compensation Board for a claim presented to the board, and upon application by the person, the board shall, without a hearing, approve payment to the claimant, pursuant to Section 4904, if sufficient funds are available, upon appropriation by the Legislature. A person granted relief under this subdivision on or after January 1, 2015, is entitled, upon application to the Department of Justice, to the relief available pursuant to Section 13151.5.(b) In a contested or uncontested proceeding, if the court has granted a writ of habeas corpus or vacated a judgment pursuant to Section 1473.6 or paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1473.7, the person may move for a finding of factual innocence by a preponderance of the evidence that the crime with which they were charged was either not committed at all or, if committed, was not committed by the petitioner. If the court makes a finding of factual innocence under this subdivision, it shall also issue an order entitling the defendant, upon application to the Department of Justice, to the relief available pursuant to Section 13151.5, including, subject to proof by the defendant, the number of days that the defendant was incarcerated, including in pretrial detention, solely as a
result of the former conviction, the number of days that the individual was on parole or community supervision solely as a result of the former conviction, and the number of days the defendant was required to register as a sex offender solely as a result of the former conviction. The court shall provide the Department of Justice with any order issued under this subdivision utilizing existing reporting methods prescribed by the department.
(c) If the court makes a finding that the petitioner has proven their factual innocence by a preponderance of the evidence pursuant to subdivision (b), upon application by the person, the board shall, without a hearing, approve payment to the claimant, pursuant to Section 4904, if sufficient funds are available, upon appropriation by the Legislature. A person granted relief under this subdivision prior to
January 1, 2025, is entitled, upon application to the Department of Justice, to the relief available pursuant to Section 13151.5.
(d) (1) In a contested or uncontested proceeding, if the court has granted a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to common law, the California Constitution, the United States Constitution, or paragraphs (1) to (4), inclusive, of subdivision (b) of Section 1473, or vacated a judgment pursuant to Section 1473.6 or paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 1473.7, and the charges were subsequently dismissed, or the person was acquitted of the charges on a retrial, the petitioner may move the court for a finding that they are entitled to approval of a claim for compensation pursuant to Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 4900) of Title 6 of Part 3. The court shall grant the motion unless the district
attorney
objects in writing within 15 days from when the person files the motion and can establish by clear and convincing evidence that the person committed the acts constituting the offense and is therefore not entitled to compensation. The district attorney shall bear the burden of proving by clear and convincing evidence that the person committed the acts constituting the offense. The district attorney may request a single 30-day extension of time upon a showing of good cause. An extension of time beyond this period may be given if agreed upon by stipulation between both parties.
(2) If the district attorney does not object, or if the district attorney fails to establish by clear and convincing evidence that the person committed the acts constituting the offense as described in paragraph (1), the court shall grant the motion and the
board shall, upon application by the person, without a hearing, approve payment to the claimant, pursuant to Section 4904, if sufficient funds are available, upon appropriation by the Legislature.
(3) If the motion is granted pursuant to a stipulation of the district attorney, and upon application by the person, the board shall, without a hearing, approve payment to the claimant, pursuant to Section 4904, if sufficient funds are available, upon appropriation by the Legislature.
(e) A conviction reversed and dismissed is no longer valid, thus the district attorney may not rely on the fact that the state still maintains that the claimant is guilty of the crime for which they were wrongfully convicted, that the state defended the conviction against the petitioner through court
litigation, or that there was a conviction to establish that the petitioner is not entitled to compensation. The district attorney may also not rely solely on the trial record to establish that the petitioner is not entitled to compensation.
(f) An inference shall not be drawn in any other proceeding for failure to make a motion or obtain a favorable ruling pursuant to subdivision (a) or (b). A res judicata or collateral estoppel finding in any other proceeding shall not be made for failure to make a motion or obtain a favorable ruling pursuant to subdivision (a) or (b) of this section.
(g) If a federal court, after granting a writ of habeas corpus, pursuant to a nonstatutory motion or request, finds a petitioner factually innocent by no less than a preponderance of the
evidence that the crime with which they were charged was either not committed at all or, if committed, was not committed by the petitioner, upon application of the person, the board shall, without a hearing, approve payment to the claimant, pursuant to Section 4904, if sufficient funds are available, upon appropriation by the Legislature. A person granted relief under this subdivision on or after January 1, 2015, is entitled, upon application to the Department of Justice, to the relief available pursuant to Section 13151.5.
(h) For the purposes of this section, unless otherwise stated, “court” is defined as a state or federal court.
SEC. 3.
Section 11105.55 is added to the Penal Code, to read:11105.55.
If the Department of Justice receives notice that a person has received a finding of innocence from a state or federal court, or of an award or recommendation of compensation for erroneous conviction from the California Victim Compensation Board, it shall send notice of that fact to all officers and agencies that it had previously notified of the arrest or other proceedings against the person.SEC. 4.
Section 13102 of the Penal Code is amended to read:13102.
(a) As used in this chapter, “criminal offender record information” means records and data compiled by criminal justice agencies for purposes of identifying criminal offenders and of maintaining as to each such offender a summary of arrests, pretrial proceedings, the nature and disposition of criminal charges, sentencing, incarceration, rehabilitation, and release.(b) Criminal offender record information shall be restricted to that which is recorded as the result of an arrest, detention, or other initiation of criminal proceedings or of any consequent proceedings related thereto. It shall be understood to include, where appropriate, such items for
each person arrested as the following:
(1) Personal identification.
(2) The fact, date, and arrest charge; whether the individual was subsequently released and, if so, by what authority and upon what terms.
(3) The fact, date, and results of any pretrial proceedings.
(4) The fact, date, and results of any trial or proceeding, including any sentence or penalty.
(5) The fact, date, and results of any direct or collateral review of that trial or proceeding; the period and place of any confinement, including admission, release; and, where appropriate, readmission and rerelease dates.
(6) The fact, date, and results of any release proceedings.
(7) The fact, date, and authority of any act of pardon or clemency.
(8) The fact and date of any formal termination to the criminal justice process as to that charge or conviction.
(9) The fact, date, and results of any proceeding revoking probation or parole.
(10) The fact and date of an annotation required under paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 13151.5.
(c) Criminal offender record information shall not include intelligence, analytical, and investigative reports and files,
nor statistical records and reports in which individuals are not identified and from which their identities are not ascertainable.
SEC. 5.
Section 13151.5 is added to the Penal Code, to read:13151.5.
(a) A person who has received an order granting relief pursuant to Section 851.86 or 1485.55, a federal court order containing a finding of factual innocence, or an award or recommendation by the California Victim Compensation Board of compensation for erroneous conviction, may file an application with the Department of Justice for a certificate and an annotation to their criminal offender record information. The application shall include a certified copy of the order granting relief to the claimant pursuant to Section 851.86 or 1485.55, the federal court order containing a finding of the claimant’s factual innocence, or the order by the California Victim Compensation Board awarding or recommending compensation to the claimant for erroneous conviction.(b) The Department of Justice shall prescribe and furnish the procedures and forms to be used for the application described in subdivision (a).
(c) When the Department of Justice receives an application and supporting materials pursuant to subdivision (a), it shall, within six weeks, do all both of the following:
(1) Issue to the claimant a certificate on Department of Justice letterhead, signed by or on behalf of the Attorney General, stating the claimant’s name, the charge set forth in the original and any amended
accusatory pleading that resulted in the former conviction, the fact and date of the former conviction, and that either a court has found that the claimant did not commit the crime underlying the former conviction or the California Victim Compensation Board has awarded compensation to the claimant for erroneous conviction. If the application includes a certified order with findings on the number of days that the claimant was incarcerated, placed on parole or community supervision, or required to register as a sex offender solely as a result of the former conviction, these day counts shall also be included in the certificate.
(2) Annotate the claimant’s state summary criminal history information to state, directly next to or below the entry regarding the former conviction, that either a court has found that the claimant did not commit the crime
underlying the former conviction or the California Victim Compensation Board has awarded compensation to the claimant for erroneous conviction.
(3)Request that the law enforcement agency that has jurisdiction over the offense underlying the conviction at issue, as well as any local, state, or federal agency or entity to which the Department of Justice has provided criminal offender record information regarding the claimant, annotate its records to state that either a court has found that the claimant did not commit the crime underlying the former conviction or the California Victim Compensation Board has awarded compensation to the claimant for erroneous conviction. Each state or local agency or entity within the State of California receiving such a request shall annotate its records accordingly.
(d)A state or local agency or entity with the State of California that receives notice from the Department of Justice pursuant to paragraph (3) of subdivision (c), including the law enforcement agency that has jurisdiction over the offense underlying the conviction at issue, shall, within two weeks, do both of the following:
(1)Annotate the local summary criminal history information for the claimant to state, directly next to or below the entry or entries regarding the former conviction, that either a court has found that the claimant did not commit the crime underlying the former conviction or the California Victim Compensation Board has awarded compensation to the claimant for erroneous conviction.
(2)Request that a local, state, or federal agency or entity to which the law enforcement agency has provided criminal offender record information regarding the claimant annotate its records to state that either a court has found that the claimant did not commit the crime underlying the former conviction or the California Victim Compensation Board has awarded compensation to the claimant for erroneous conviction. Each state or local agency or entity within the State of California receiving such a request shall annotate its records accordingly.
If the Commission on State Mandates determines that this act contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement to local agencies and school districts for those costs shall be made pursuant to Part 7 (commencing with Section 17500) of Division 4 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
