Bill Text: NY A08902 | 2023-2024 | General Assembly | Introduced
NOTE: There are more recent revisions of this legislation. Read Latest Draft
Bill Title: Relates to owner liability for failure of an operator to comply with street cleaning parking rules; relates to access to records prepared pursuant to street cleaning parking rules.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 9-0)
Status: (Introduced) 2024-06-03 - print number 8902c [A08902 Detail]
Download: New_York-2023-A08902-Introduced.html
Bill Title: Relates to owner liability for failure of an operator to comply with street cleaning parking rules; relates to access to records prepared pursuant to street cleaning parking rules.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 9-0)
Status: (Introduced) 2024-06-03 - print number 8902c [A08902 Detail]
Download: New_York-2023-A08902-Introduced.html
STATE OF NEW YORK ________________________________________________________________________ 8902 IN ASSEMBLY January 26, 2024 ___________ Introduced by M. of A. CUNNINGHAM -- read once and referred to the Committee on Transportation AN ACT to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to owner liability for failure of an operator to comply with street cleaning- related local law or traffic regulations; to amend the public officers law, in relation to access to records prepared pursuant to street cleaning-related local law or traffic regulation restrictions; and providing for the repeal of certain provisions upon expiration thereof The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem- bly, do enact as follows: 1 Section 1. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new 2 section 1111-h to read as follows: 3 § 1111-h. Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with 4 street cleaning-related traffic regulations. (a) 1. Notwithstanding any 5 other provision of law, the city of New York is hereby authorized and 6 empowered to establish a demonstration program imposing monetary liabil- 7 ity on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to 8 comply with street cleaning-related traffic regulations, in accordance 9 with the provisions of this section. The New York city department of 10 transportation and/or the New York city department of sanitation, for 11 purposes of the implementation of such program, shall operate street 12 cleaning-related photo devices that may be stationary or mobile and 13 shall be activated at locations determined by such department of trans- 14 portation and/or on street cleaning vehicles selected by such department 15 of transportation in consultation with the New York city department of 16 sanitation. 17 2. Any photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded 18 images captured by street cleaning-related photo devices shall be inad- 19 missible in any disciplinary proceeding convened by the department of 20 sanitation or any subsidiary thereof and any proceeding initiated by the 21 department involving licensure privileges of street cleaning vehicle 22 operators. Any mobile street cleaning-related photo device mounted on a 23 street cleaning vehicle shall be directed outwardly from such vehicle to 24 capture images of vehicles operated in violation of street cleaning-re- EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [] is old law to be omitted. LBD13521-01-3A. 8902 2 1 lated traffic regulations, and images produced by such device shall not 2 be used for any other purpose in the absence of a court order requiring 3 such images to be produced. 4 3. (i) The city of New York shall adopt and enforce measures to 5 protect the privacy of drivers, passengers, pedestrians and cyclists 6 whose identity and identifying information may be captured by a street 7 cleaning-related photo device. Such measures shall include: 8 (A) utilization of necessary technologies to ensure, to the extent 9 practicable, that photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other 10 recorded images produced by such street cleaning-related photo devices 11 shall not include images that identify the driver, the passengers, or 12 the contents of the vehicle. Provided, however, that no notice of 13 liability issued pursuant to this section shall be dismissed solely 14 because such a photograph, microphotograph, videotape or other recorded 15 image allows for the identification of the driver, the passengers, or 16 the contents of a vehicle where the city shows that it made reasonable 17 efforts to comply with the provisions of this paragraph in such case; 18 (B) the installation of signage that is clearly visible to drivers at 19 regular intervals along and adjacent to roadways upon which mobile 20 and/or stationary street cleaning-related photo devices are operated 21 pursuant to a demonstration program authorized pursuant to this section 22 stating that mobile and/or stationary street cleaning-related photo 23 devices are used to enforce street cleaning-related traffic regulations, 24 in conformance with standards established in the MUTCD; and 25 (C) oversight procedures to ensure compliance with the privacy 26 protection measures under this subdivision. 27 (ii) Photographs, microphotographs, videotape or any other recorded 28 image from a street cleaning-related photo device shall be for the 29 exclusive use of the city of New York for the purpose of the adjudi- 30 cation of liability imposed pursuant to this section and of the owner 31 receiving a notice of liability pursuant to this section, and shall be 32 destroyed by such city upon the final resolution of the notice of 33 liability to which such photographs, microphotographs, videotape or 34 other recorded images relate, or one year following the date of issuance 35 of such notice of liability, whichever is later. Notwithstanding the 36 provisions of any other law, rule or regulation to the contrary, photo- 37 graphs, microphotographs, videotape or any other recorded image from a 38 street cleaning-related photo device shall not be open to the public, 39 nor subject to civil or criminal process or discovery, nor used by any 40 court or administrative or adjudicatory body in any action or proceeding 41 therein except that which is necessary for the adjudication of a notice 42 of liability issued pursuant to this section, and no public entity or 43 employee, officer or agent thereof shall disclose such information, 44 except that such photographs, microphotographs, videotape or any other 45 recorded images from such systems: 46 (A) shall be available for inspection and copying and use by the motor 47 vehicle owner and operator for so long as such photographs, microphoto- 48 graphs, videotape or other recorded images are required to be maintained 49 or are maintained by such public entity, employee, officer or agent; and 50 (B) (1) shall be furnished when described in a search warrant issued 51 by a court authorized to issue such a search warrant pursuant to article 52 six hundred ninety of the criminal procedure law or a federal court 53 authorized to issue such a search warrant under federal law, where such 54 search warrant states that there is reasonable cause to believe such 55 information constitutes evidence of, or tends to demonstrate that, a 56 misdemeanor or felony offense was committed in this state or anotherA. 8902 3 1 state, or that a particular person participated in the commission of a 2 misdemeanor or felony offense in this state or another state, provided, 3 however, that if such offense was against the laws of another state, the 4 court shall only issue a warrant if the conduct comprising such offense 5 would, if occurring in this state, constitute a misdemeanor or felony 6 against the laws of this state; and 7 (2) shall be furnished in response to a subpoena duces tecum signed by 8 a judge of competent jurisdiction and issued pursuant to article six 9 hundred ten of the criminal procedure law or a judge or magistrate of a 10 federal court authorized to issue such a subpoena duces tecum under 11 federal law, where the judge finds and the subpoena states that there is 12 reasonable cause to believe such information is relevant and material to 13 the prosecution, or the defense, or the investigation by an authorized 14 law enforcement official, of the alleged commission of a misdemeanor or 15 felony in this state or another state, provided, however, that if such 16 offense was against the laws of another state, such judge or magistrate 17 shall only issue such subpoena if the conduct comprising such offense 18 would, if occurring in this state, constitute a misdemeanor or felony in 19 this state; and 20 (3) may, if lawfully obtained pursuant to this clause and clause (A) 21 of this subparagraph and otherwise admissible, be used in such criminal 22 action or proceeding. 23 (iii) The demonstration program authorized pursuant to this section is 24 prohibited from utilizing and from arranging for the utilization of 25 biometric identifying technology, including but not limited to facial 26 recognition technology, for any purpose. The use, and the arrangement 27 for the use, of biometric identifying technology, including but not 28 limited to facial recognition technology, on photographs, microphoto- 29 graphs, videotape, or any other recorded image or data produced by a 30 street cleaning-related photo device, by any person for any purpose, are 31 prohibited. For purposes of this subparagraph, "person" shall include, 32 but not be limited to, a human being, a public or private corporation, 33 an unincorporated association, a partnership, a government or a govern- 34 mental instrumentality, a court or an administrative or adjudicatory 35 body, and any employee, officer, and agent of the foregoing. 36 (iv) Every street cleaning vehicle upon which a mobile street clean- 37 ing-related photo device is installed and operated pursuant to a demon- 38 stration program authorized pursuant to this section shall be equipped 39 with signs, placards or other displays giving notice to approaching 40 motor vehicle operators that street cleaning-related photo devices are 41 used to enforce street cleaning-related traffic regulations. 42 (b) Warning notices of violation shall be issued during the first 43 sixty days that street cleaning-related photo devices pursuant to a 44 demonstration program authorized by this section are active and in oper- 45 ation. 46 (c) If the city of New York has established a demonstration program 47 pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section, the owner of a vehicle 48 shall be liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section if such 49 vehicle was used or operated with the permission of the owner, express 50 or implied, in violation of any street cleaning-related traffic regu- 51 lations and such violation is evidenced by information obtained from a 52 street cleaning-related photo device; provided however that no owner of 53 a vehicle shall be liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section 54 where the operator of such vehicle has been convicted of the underlying 55 violation of such street cleaning-related traffic regulation.A. 8902 4 1 (d) For purposes of this section the following terms shall have the 2 following meanings: 3 1. "owner" shall have the meaning provided in article two-B of this 4 chapter. 5 2. "street cleaning-related photo device" shall mean a device that is 6 capable of operating independently of an enforcement officer and produc- 7 es one or more images of each vehicle at the time it is in violation of 8 a street cleaning-related traffic regulation. 9 3. "street cleaning-related traffic regulations" shall mean the 10 following provisions set forth in chapter four of title thirty-four of 11 the rules of the city of New York, adopted pursuant to section sixteen 12 hundred forty-two of this chapter: 4-08(d)(1), violation of posted no 13 parking rules prohibited. 14 4. "manual on uniform traffic control devices" or "MUTCD" shall mean 15 the manual and specifications for a uniform system of traffic control 16 devices maintained by the commissioner of transportation pursuant to 17 section sixteen hundred eighty of this chapter. 18 5. "biometric identifying technology" shall mean any tool using an 19 automated or semi-automated process that assists in verifying a person's 20 identity based on a person's biometric information. 21 6. "biometric information" shall mean any measurable physical, physio- 22 logical or behavioral characteristics that are attributable to a person, 23 including but not limited to facial characteristics, fingerprint charac- 24 teristics, hand characteristics, eye characteristics, vocal character- 25 istics, and any other characteristics that can be used to identify a 26 person including, but not limited to: fingerprints; handprints; retina 27 and iris patterns; DNA sequence; voice; gait; and facial geometry. 28 7. "facial recognition" shall mean any tool using an automated or 29 semi-automated process that assists in uniquely identifying or verifying 30 a person by comparing and analyzing patterns based on the person's face. 31 (e) A certificate, sworn to or affirmed by a technician employed by 32 the city of New York in which the charged violation occurred, or a 33 facsimile thereof, based upon inspection of photographs, microphoto- 34 graphs, videotape or other recorded images produced by a street clean- 35 ing-related photo device, shall be prima facie evidence of the facts 36 contained therein. Any photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other 37 recorded images evidencing such a violation shall be available for 38 inspection in any proceeding to adjudicate the liability for such 39 violation pursuant to this section. 40 (f) An owner liable for a violation of a street cleaning-related traf- 41 fic regulation pursuant to a demonstration program established pursuant 42 to this section shall be liable for monetary penalties in accordance 43 with a schedule of fines and penalties to be promulgated by the parking 44 violations bureau of the city of New York. The liability of the owner 45 pursuant to this section shall not exceed fifty dollars for a first 46 violation, one hundred dollars for a second violation within a twelve- 47 month period, one hundred fifty dollars for a third violation within a 48 twelve-month period, two hundred dollars for a fourth violation within a 49 twelve-month period, and two hundred fifty dollars for each subsequent 50 violation within a twelve-month period; provided, however, that an owner 51 shall be liable for an additional penalty not to exceed twenty-five 52 dollars for each violation for the failure to respond to a notice of 53 liability within the prescribed time period. 54 (g) An imposition of liability under the demonstration program estab- 55 lished pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section shall not be deemed a 56 conviction of an operator and shall not be made part of the operatingA. 8902 5 1 record of the person upon whom such liability is imposed, nor shall it 2 be used for insurance purposes in the provision of motor vehicle insur- 3 ance coverage. 4 (h) 1. A notice of liability shall be sent by first class mail to each 5 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of a street 6 cleaning-related traffic regulation. Personal delivery to the owner 7 shall not be required. A manual or automatic record of mailing prepared 8 in the ordinary course of business shall be prima facie evidence of the 9 facts contained therein. 10 2. A notice of liability shall contain the name and address of the 11 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of a street 12 cleaning-related traffic regulation, the registration number of the 13 vehicle involved in such violation, the location where such violation 14 took place including the street address or cross streets, one or more 15 images identifying the violation, the date and time of such violation, 16 the identification number of the street cleaning-related photo device 17 which recorded the violation or other document locator number, and 18 whether the device was stationary or mobile. If the street cleaning-re- 19 lated photo device was mobile, an identity of the vehicle containing 20 such street cleaning-related photo device shall be included in the 21 notice. 22 3. The notice of liability shall contain information advising the 23 persons charged of the manner and the time in which he or she may 24 contest the liability alleged in the notice. Such notice of liability 25 shall also contain a warning to advise the persons charged that failure 26 to contest in the manner and time provided shall be deemed an admission 27 of liability and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 28 4. The notice of liability shall be prepared and mailed by the agency 29 or agencies designated by the city of New York, or any other entity 30 authorized by such city to prepare and mail such notice of liability. 31 (i) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners by this section 32 shall be conducted by the New York city parking violations bureau. 33 (j) If an owner of a vehicle receives a notice of liability pursuant 34 to this section for any time period during which such vehicle was 35 reported to the police department as having been stolen, it shall be a 36 valid defense to an allegation of liability for a violation of a street 37 cleaning-related traffic regulation pursuant to this section that the 38 vehicle had been reported to the police as stolen prior to the time the 39 violation occurred and had not been recovered by such time. For purposes 40 of asserting the defense provided by this subdivision it shall be suffi- 41 cient that a certified copy of the police report on the stolen vehicle 42 be sent by first class mail to the parking violations bureau of such 43 city. 44 (k) 1. An owner who is a lessor of a vehicle to which a notice of 45 liability was issued pursuant to subdivision (h) of this section shall 46 not be liable for the violation of a street cleaning-related traffic 47 regulation, provided that: 48 (i) prior to the violation, the lessor has filed with such parking 49 violations bureau in accordance with the provisions of section two 50 hundred thirty-nine of this chapter; and 51 (ii) within thirty-seven days after receiving notice from such parking 52 violations bureau of the date and time of a liability, together with the 53 other information contained in the original notice of liability, the 54 lessor submits to such bureau the correct name and address of the lessee 55 of the vehicle identified in the notice of liability at the time of such 56 violation, together with such other additional information contained inA. 8902 6 1 the rental, lease or other contract document, as may be reasonably 2 required by such bureau pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated 3 for such purpose. 4 2. Failure to comply with subparagraph (ii) of paragraph one of this 5 subdivision shall render the lessor liable for the penalty prescribed in 6 this section. 7 3. Where the lessor complies with the provisions of paragraph one of 8 this subdivision, the lessee of such vehicle on the date of such 9 violation shall be deemed to be the owner of such vehicle for purposes 10 of this section, shall be subject to liability for such violation pursu- 11 ant to this section and shall be sent a notice of liability pursuant to 12 subdivision (h) of this section. 13 (l) 1. If the owner liable for a violation of a street cleaning-relat- 14 ed traffic regulation pursuant to this section was not the operator of 15 the vehicle at the time of such violation, the owner may maintain an 16 action for indemnification against the operator. 17 2. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no owner of a 18 vehicle shall be subject to a monetary fine imposed pursuant to this 19 section if the operator of such vehicle was operating such vehicle with- 20 out the consent of the owner at the time such operator failed to obey a 21 street cleaning-related traffic regulation. For purposes of this subdi- 22 vision there shall be a presumption that the operator of such vehicle 23 was operating such vehicle with the consent of the owner at the time 24 such operator failed to obey a street cleaning-related traffic regu- 25 lation. 26 (m) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the liability 27 of an operator of a vehicle for any violation of a street cleaning-re- 28 lated traffic regulation. 29 (n) If the city of New York adopts a demonstration program pursuant to 30 subdivision (a) of this section, such city shall submit a report on the 31 results of the use of street cleaning-related photo devices to the 32 governor, the temporary president of the senate, and the speaker of the 33 assembly by April first, two thousand twenty-six and every two years 34 thereafter. The city of New York shall also make such reports available 35 on its public-facing websites, provided that it may provide aggregate 36 data from paragraph one of this subdivision if the city finds that 37 publishing specific location data would jeopardize public safety. Such 38 report shall include, but not be limited to: 39 1. a description of the locations and/or street cleaning vehicles 40 where street cleaning-related photo devices were used; 41 2. the total number of violations recorded on a monthly and annual 42 basis; 43 3. the total number of notices of liability issued; 44 4. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first 45 notice of liability; 46 5. the number of violations adjudicated and results of such adjudi- 47 cations including breakdowns of dispositions made; 48 6. the total amount of revenue realized by such city; 49 7. the quality of the adjudication process and its results; 50 8. the total number of cameras by type of camera used; and 51 9. the total cost to such city. 52 (o) Any revenue from fines and penalties collected from any mobile 53 street cleaning-related photo devices, shall be remitted by the city of 54 New York to be deposited in any fund related to funding the department 55 of sanitation.A. 8902 7 1 (p) It shall be a defense to any prosecution for a violation of a 2 street cleaning-related traffic regulation pursuant to a demonstration 3 program adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section that such 4 street cleaning-related photo devices were malfunctioning at the time of 5 the alleged violation. 6 § 2. Subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as 7 amended by section 2 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, is 8 amended to read as follows: 9 1. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special 10 or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which 11 heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative 12 tribunal: (a) to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions 13 constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or (b) to adjudi- 14 cate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 15 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 16 local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 17 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with traffic-con- 18 trol indications through the installation and operation of traffic-con- 19 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti- 20 cle twenty-four of this chapter, or (c) to adjudicate the liability of 21 owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 22 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 23 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 24 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such posted 25 maximum speed limits through the installation and operation of photo 26 speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of 27 this chapter, or (d) to adjudicate the liability of owners for 28 violations of bus lane restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of 29 this chapter imposed pursuant to a bus rapid transit program imposing 30 monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 31 thereof to comply with such bus lane restrictions through the installa- 32 tion and operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article 33 twenty-four of this chapter, or (e) to adjudicate the liability of 34 owners for violations of toll collection regulations imposed by certain 35 public authorities pursuant to the law authorizing such public authori- 36 ties to impose monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure 37 of an operator thereof to comply with toll collection regulations of 38 such public authorities through the installation and operation of 39 photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions of section 40 two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and 41 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 42 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or (f) to adjudicate 43 the liability of owners for violations of section eleven hundred seven- 44 ty-four of this chapter when meeting a school bus marked and equipped as 45 provided in subdivisions twenty and twenty-one-c of section three 46 hundred seventy-five of this chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or 47 ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for 48 failure of an operator thereof to comply with school bus red visual 49 signals through the installation and operation of school bus photo 50 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-nine of 51 this chapter, or (g) to adjudicate the liability of owners for 52 violations of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and the 53 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York in 54 relation to gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight violations imposed 55 pursuant to a weigh in motion demonstration program imposing monetary 56 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereofA. 8902 8 1 to comply with such gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions 2 through the installation and operation of weigh in motion violation 3 monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of this chapter, or 4 (h) to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 5 (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter 6 imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability 7 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply 8 with such posted maximum speed limits within a highway construction or 9 maintenance work area through the installation and operation of photo 10 speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of 11 this chapter, or (i) to adjudicate the liability of owners for 12 violations of bus operation-related traffic regulations as defined by 13 article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration 14 program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for fail- 15 ure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus operation-related 16 traffic regulations through the installation and operation of bus opera- 17 tion-related photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of 18 this chapter, or (j) to adjudicate the liability of owners for 19 violations of street cleaning-related traffic regulations as defined by 20 article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration 21 program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for fail- 22 ure of an operator thereof to comply with such street cleaning-related 23 traffic regulations through the installation and operation of street 24 cleaning-related photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four 25 of this chapter, such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining 26 thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with the follow- 27 ing sections. 28 § 3. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as 29 amended by section 3 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, is 30 amended to read as follows: 31 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 32 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 33 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a 34 parking violation and, where authorized: (a) to adjudicate the liability 35 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 36 eleven of this chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance 37 imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an 38 operator thereof to comply with traffic-control indications through the 39 installation and operation of traffic-control signal photo violation- 40 monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chap- 41 ter, or (b) to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of 42 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 43 of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing 44 monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 45 thereof to comply with such posted maximum speed limits through the 46 installation and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, 47 in accordance with article thirty of this chapter, or (c) to adjudicate 48 the liability of owners for violations of bus lane restrictions as 49 defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a bus 50 rapid transit program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 51 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus lane 52 restrictions through the installation and operation of bus lane photo 53 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, or (d) 54 to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection 55 regulations imposed by certain public authorities pursuant to the law 56 authorizing such public authorities to impose monetary liability on theA. 8902 9 1 owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with 2 toll collection regulations of such public authorities through the 3 installation and operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance 4 with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 5 the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 6 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 7 hundred fifty, or (e) to adjudicate the liability of owners for 8 violations of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter when 9 meeting a school bus marked and equipped as provided in subdivisions 10 twenty and twenty-one-c of section three hundred seventy-five of this 11 chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance imposing monetary 12 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof 13 to comply with school bus red visual signals through the installation 14 and operation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, in 15 accordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter, or (f) to adjudi- 16 cate the liability of owners for violations of section three hundred 17 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor- 18 tation of the city of New York in relation to gross vehicle weight 19 and/or axle weight violations imposed pursuant to a weigh in motion 20 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 21 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such gross 22 vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions through the installation 23 and operation of weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in 24 accordance with article ten of this chapter, or (g) to adjudicate the 25 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) 26 of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 27 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 28 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such posted 29 maximum speed limits within a highway construction or maintenance work 30 area through the installation and operation of photo speed violation 31 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this chapter, 32 or (h) to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of bus oper- 33 ation-related traffic regulations as defined by article twenty-four of 34 this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing mone- 35 tary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 36 thereof to comply with such bus operation-related traffic regulations 37 through the installation and operation of bus operation-related photo 38 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, or (i) 39 to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of street clean- 40 ing-related traffic regulations as defined by article twenty-four of 41 this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing mone- 42 tary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 43 thereof to comply with such street cleaning-related traffic regu- 44 lations through the installation and operation of street cleaning-re- 45 lated photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 46 chapter. Such tribunal, except in a city with a population of one 47 million or more, shall also have jurisdiction of abandoned vehicle 48 violations. For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the 49 violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the 50 parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of 51 this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of 52 traffic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a 53 commissioner. 54 § 4. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 55 traffic law, as amended by section 4 of part MM of chapter 56 of the 56 laws of 2023, is amended to read as follows:A. 8902 10 1 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 2 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article, 3 but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant 4 to authorization set forth in articles ten, twenty-four, twenty-nine and 5 thirty of this chapter, section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 6 the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 7 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 8 hundred fifty to impose monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for 9 failure of an operator thereof: to comply with traffic-control indi- 10 cations in violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven 11 of this chapter through the installation and operation of traffic-con- 12 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti- 13 cle twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply with certain posted maxi- 14 mum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) 15 of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter through the installa- 16 tion and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in 17 accordance with article thirty of this chapter; or to comply with bus 18 lane restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter 19 through the installation and operation of bus lane photo devices, in 20 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply with 21 toll collection regulations of certain public authorities through the 22 installation and operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance 23 with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 24 the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 25 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 26 hundred fifty; or to stop for a school bus displaying a red visual 27 signal in violation of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chap- 28 ter through the installation and operation of school bus photo violation 29 monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-nine of this chap- 30 ter; or to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in violation 31 of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of 32 this chapter within a highway construction or maintenance work area 33 through the installation and operation of photo speed violation monitor- 34 ing systems, in accordance with article thirty of this chapter; or to 35 comply with gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions in 36 violation of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and the 37 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York 38 through the installation and operation of weigh in motion violation 39 monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of this chapter; or 40 to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations as defined by 41 article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules of the 42 department of transportation of the city of New York through the instal- 43 lation and operation of bus operation-related photo devices, in accord- 44 ance with article twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply with street 45 cleaning-related traffic regulations as defined by article twenty-four 46 of this chapter in violation of the rules of the department of transpor- 47 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of 48 street cleaning-related photo devices, in accordance with article twen- 49 ty-four of this chapter. 50 § 5. Subdivisions 1, 1-a and the opening subparagraph of paragraph (a) 51 of subdivision 1-b of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic law, as 52 amended by section 5 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, are 53 amended to read as follows: 54 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 55 violation enters a plea of not guilty; or a person alleged to be liable 56 in accordance with any provisions of law specifically authorizing theA. 8902 11 1 imposition of monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure 2 of an operator thereof: to comply with traffic-control indications in 3 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 4 chapter through the installation and operation of traffic-control signal 5 photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty- 6 four of this chapter; or to comply with certain posted maximum speed 7 limits in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 8 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter through the installation and oper- 9 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with 10 article thirty of this chapter; or to comply with bus lane restrictions 11 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter through the installa- 12 tion and operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article 13 twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply with toll collection regu- 14 lations of certain public authorities through the installation and oper- 15 ation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions of 16 section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities 17 law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 18 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; or to stop 19 for a school bus displaying a red visual signal in violation of section 20 eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the installation and 21 operation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, in accord- 22 ance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; or to comply with certain 23 posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or 24 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within a highway 25 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper- 26 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with 27 article thirty of this chapter; or to comply with gross vehicle weight 28 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of section three hundred 29 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor- 30 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of 31 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article 32 ten of this chapter; or to comply with bus operation-related traffic 33 regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in 34 violation of the rules of the department of transportation of the city 35 of New York through the installation and operation of bus operation-re- 36 lated photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 37 chapter; or to comply with street cleaning-related traffic regulations 38 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the 39 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York 40 through the installation and operation of street cleaning-related photo 41 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, 42 contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally 43 by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date 44 on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The 45 form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the 46 director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading 47 or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any 48 subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, 49 and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 50 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 51 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 52 in accordance with provisions of law specifically authorizing the impo- 53 sition of monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an 54 operator thereof: to comply with traffic-control indications in 55 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 56 chapter through the installation and operation of traffic-control signalA. 8902 12 1 photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty- 2 four of this chapter; or to comply with certain posted maximum speed 3 limits in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 4 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter through the installation and oper- 5 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with 6 article thirty of this chapter; or to comply with bus lane restrictions 7 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter through the installa- 8 tion and operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article 9 twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply with toll collection regu- 10 lations of certain public authorities through the installation and oper- 11 ation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions of 12 section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities 13 law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 14 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; or to stop 15 for a school bus displaying a red visual signal in violation of section 16 eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the installation and 17 operation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, in accord- 18 ance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; or to comply with certain 19 posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or 20 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within a highway 21 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper- 22 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with 23 article thirty of this chapter; or to comply with gross vehicle weight 24 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of section three hundred 25 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor- 26 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of 27 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article 28 ten of this chapter; or to comply with bus operation-related traffic 29 regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in 30 violation of the rules of the department of transportation of the city 31 of New York through the installation and operation of bus operation-re- 32 lated photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 33 chapter; or to comply with street cleaning-related traffic regulations 34 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the 35 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York 36 through the installation and operation of street cleaning-related photo 37 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, is 38 being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the 39 merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall 40 not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date 41 of the hearing. 42 In a city having a population of one million or more, at every hearing 43 for the adjudication of a notice of liability, as provided by this arti- 44 cle, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that the owner of a first- 45 response emergency vehicle alleged to be liable in accordance with any 46 provisions of law specifically authorizing the imposition of monetary 47 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof: 48 to comply with traffic-control indications in violation of subdivision 49 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter through the instal- 50 lation and operation of traffic-control signal photo violation-monitor- 51 ing systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; or 52 to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in violation of 53 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 54 of this chapter through the installation and operation of photo speed 55 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this 56 chapter; or to comply with bus lane restrictions as defined by articleA. 8902 13 1 twenty-four of this chapter through the installation and operation of 2 bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 3 chapter; or to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations as 4 defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules 5 of the department of transportation of the city of New York through the 6 installation and operation of bus operation-related photo devices, in 7 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply with 8 street cleaning-related traffic regulations as defined by article twen- 9 ty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules of the department 10 of transportation of the city of New York through the installation and 11 operation of street cleaning-related photo devices, in accordance 12 with article twenty-four of this chapter is not liable for such alleged 13 violation if such owner of the first-response emergency vehicle provides 14 the hearing officer with: 15 § 6. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehicle 16 and traffic law, as amended by section 6 of part MM of chapter 56 of the 17 laws of 2023, are amended to read as follows: 18 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 19 or an allegation of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 20 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter imposed pursuant to 21 a local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 22 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with traffic-con- 23 trol indications through the installation and operation of traffic-con- 24 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti- 25 cle twenty-four of this chapter, or an allegation of liability of an 26 owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 27 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 28 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 29 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with certain posted 30 maximum speed limits through the installation and operation of photo 31 speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of 32 this chapter, or an allegation of liability of an owner for a violation 33 of bus lane restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this chap- 34 ter imposed pursuant to a bus rapid transit program imposing monetary 35 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof 36 to comply with such bus lane restrictions through the installation and 37 operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article twenty- 38 four of this chapter, or an allegation of liability of an owner for a 39 violation of toll collection regulations imposed by certain public 40 authorities pursuant to the law authorizing such public authorities to 41 impose monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an 42 operator thereof to comply with toll collection regulations of such 43 public authorities through the installation and operation of photo-moni- 44 toring systems, in accordance with the provisions of section two thou- 45 sand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections 46 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four 47 of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or an allegation of liability of 48 an owner for a violation of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this 49 chapter when meeting a school bus marked and equipped as provided in 50 subdivisions twenty and twenty-one-c of section three hundred seventy- 51 five of this chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance impos- 52 ing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an oper- 53 ator thereof to comply with school bus red visual signals through the 54 installation and operation of school bus photo violation monitoring 55 systems, in accordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter, or an 56 allegation of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b),A. 8902 14 1 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter imposed 2 pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the 3 owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with 4 certain posted maximum speed limits within a highway construction or 5 maintenance work area through the installation and operation of photo 6 speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of 7 this chapter, or an allegation of liability of an owner for a violation 8 of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of 9 the department of transportation of the city of New York in relation to 10 gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight violations imposed pursuant to a 11 weigh in motion demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the 12 owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with 13 such gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions through the 14 installation and operation of weigh in motion violation monitoring 15 systems, in accordance with article ten of this chapter, or an allega- 16 tion of liability of an owner for a violation of bus operation-related 17 traffic regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter 18 imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability 19 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply 20 with such bus operation-related traffic regulations through the instal- 21 lation and operation of bus operation-related photo devices, in accord- 22 ance with article twenty-four of this chapter, or an allegation of 23 liability of an owner for a violation of street cleaning-related traf- 24 fic regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter 25 imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability 26 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply 27 with such street cleaning-related traffic regulations through the 28 installation and operation of street cleaning-related photo devices, in 29 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, shall be held 30 before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations 31 promulgated by the bureau. 32 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 33 hearing at which liability in accordance with any provisions of law 34 specifically authorizing the imposition of monetary liability on the 35 owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof: to comply with 36 traffic-control indications in violation of subdivision (d) of section 37 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter through the installation and oper- 38 ation of traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in 39 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with 40 certain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), 41 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter 42 through the installation and operation of photo speed violation monitor- 43 ing systems, in accordance with article thirty of this chapter; to 44 comply with bus lane restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of 45 this chapter through the installation and operation of bus lane photo 46 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; to 47 comply with toll collection regulations of certain public authorities 48 through the installation and operation of photo-monitoring systems, in 49 accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred 50 eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, 51 sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the 52 laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school bus displaying a 53 red visual signal in violation of section eleven hundred seventy-four of 54 this chapter through the installation and operation of school bus photo 55 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-nine of 56 this chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits inA. 8902 15 1 violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 2 eighty of this chapter within a highway construction or maintenance work 3 area through the installation and operation of photo speed violation 4 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this chapter; 5 to comply with gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions in 6 violation of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and the 7 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York 8 through the installation and operation of weigh in motion violation 9 monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of this chapter; or 10 to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations as defined by 11 article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules of the 12 department of transportation of the city of New York through the instal- 13 lation and operation of bus operation-related photo devices, in accord- 14 ance with article twenty-four of this chapter; or to comply with street 15 cleaning-related traffic regulations as defined by article twenty-four 16 of this chapter in violation of the rules of the department of trans- 17 portation of the city of New York through the installation and operation 18 of street cleaning-related photo devices, in accordance with article 19 twenty-four of this chapter, is contested. Recording devices may be used 20 for the making of the record. 21 § 7. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 22 law, as amended by section 7 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 23 2023, are amended to read as follows: 24 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 25 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 26 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 27 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 28 incurred in accordance with any provisions of law specifically authoriz- 29 ing the imposition of monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for 30 failure of an operator thereof: to comply with traffic-control indi- 31 cations in violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven 32 of this chapter through the installation and operation of traffic-con- 33 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti- 34 cle twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum 35 speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 36 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter through the installation 37 and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance 38 with article thirty of this chapter; to comply with bus lane 39 restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter through 40 the installation and operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance 41 with article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with toll collection 42 regulations of certain public authorities through the installation and 43 operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions 44 of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- 45 ties law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter 46 seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to 47 stop for a school bus displaying a red visual signal in violation of 48 section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the instal- 49 lation and operation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, 50 in accordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with 51 certain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), 52 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within 53 a highway construction or maintenance work area through the installation 54 and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance 55 with article thirty of this chapter; to comply with gross vehicle weight 56 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of section three hundredA. 8902 16 1 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor- 2 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of 3 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article 4 ten of this chapter; [or] to comply with bus operation-related traffic 5 regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in 6 violation of the rules of the department of transportation of the city 7 of New York through the installation and operation of bus operation-re- 8 lated photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 9 chapter; or to comply with street cleaning-related traffic regulations 10 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the 11 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York 12 through the installation and operation of street cleaning-related photo 13 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, of the 14 person charged, as applicable prior to rendering a final determination. 15 Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered 16 on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with 17 records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 18 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 19 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 20 with any provisions of law specifically authorizing the imposition of 21 monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 22 thereof: to comply with traffic-control indications in violation of 23 subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter through 24 the installation and operation of traffic-control signal photo viola- 25 tion-monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 26 chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum speed limits in violation 27 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 28 eighty of this chapter through the installation and operation of photo 29 speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of 30 this chapter; to comply with bus lane restrictions as defined by article 31 twenty-four of this chapter through the installation and operation of 32 bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 33 chapter; to comply with toll collection regulations of certain public 34 authorities through the installation and operation of photo-monitoring 35 systems, in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine 36 hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections 37 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four 38 of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to stop for a school bus display- 39 ing a red visual signal in violation of section eleven hundred seventy- 40 four of this chapter through the installation and operation of school 41 bus photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article twen- 42 ty-nine of this chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum speed 43 limits in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev- 44 en hundred eighty of this chapter within a highway construction or main- 45 tenance work area through the installation and operation of photo speed 46 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this 47 chapter; to comply with gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight 48 restrictions in violation of section three hundred eighty-five of this 49 chapter and the rules of the department of transportation of the city of 50 New York through the installation and operation of weigh in motion 51 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of this 52 chapter; [or] to comply with bus operation-related traffic regulations 53 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the 54 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York 55 through the installation and operation of bus operation-related photo 56 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; or toA. 8902 17 1 comply with street cleaning-related traffic regulations as defined by 2 article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the rules of the 3 department of transportation of the city of New York through the instal- 4 lation and operation of street cleaning-related photo devices, in 5 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, or fails to appear 6 on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after 7 a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as 8 prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such 9 failure to plead or contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all 10 purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering 11 and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and 12 regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original 13 date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 14 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 15 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 16 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, 17 or liability alleged in accordance with any provisions of law specif- 18 ically authorizing the imposition of monetary liability on the owner of 19 a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof: to comply with traffic- 20 control indications in violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven 21 hundred eleven of this chapter through the installation and operation of 22 traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance 23 with article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with certain posted 24 maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 25 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter through the instal- 26 lation and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in 27 accordance with article thirty of this chapter; to comply with bus lane 28 restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter through 29 the installation and operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance 30 with article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with toll collection 31 regulations of certain public authorities through the installation and 32 operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions 33 of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- 34 ties law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter 35 seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to 36 stop for a school bus displaying a red visual signal in violation of 37 section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the instal- 38 lation and operation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, 39 in accordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with 40 certain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), 41 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within 42 a highway construction or maintenance work area through the installation 43 and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance 44 with article thirty of this chapter; to comply with gross vehicle weight 45 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of section three hundred 46 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor- 47 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of 48 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article 49 ten of this chapter; [or] to comply with bus operation-related traffic 50 regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in 51 violation of the rules of the department of transportation of the city 52 of New York through the installation and operation of bus operation-re- 53 lated photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 54 chapter; or to comply with street cleaning-related traffic regulations 55 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the 56 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New YorkA. 8902 18 1 through the installation and operation of street cleaning-related photo 2 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, (2) of 3 the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered 4 in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, 5 or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the 6 entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a 7 default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of 8 liability in accordance with any provisions of law specifically author- 9 izing the imposition of monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for 10 failure of an operator thereof: to comply with traffic-control indi- 11 cations in violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven 12 of this chapter through the installation and operation of traffic-con- 13 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti- 14 cle twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with certain posted maximum 15 speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 16 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter through the installation 17 and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance 18 with article thirty of this chapter; to comply with bus lane 19 restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter through 20 the installation and operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance 21 with article twenty-four of this chapter; to comply with toll collection 22 regulations of certain public authorities through the installation and 23 operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance with the provisions 24 of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- 25 ties law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter 26 seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; to 27 stop for a school bus displaying a red visual signal in violation of 28 section eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter through the instal- 29 lation and operation of school bus photo violation monitoring systems, 30 in accordance with article twenty-nine of this chapter; to comply with 31 certain posted maximum speed limits in violation of subdivision (b), 32 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter within 33 a highway construction or maintenance work area through the installation 34 and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance 35 with article thirty of this chapter; to comply with gross vehicle weight 36 and/or axle weight restrictions in violation of section three hundred 37 eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of the department of transpor- 38 tation of the city of New York through the installation and operation of 39 weigh in motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article 40 ten of this chapter; [or] to comply with bus operation-related traffic 41 regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in 42 violation of the rules of the department of transportation of the city 43 of New York through the installation and operation of bus operation-re- 44 lated photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this 45 chapter; or to comply with street cleaning-related traffic regulations 46 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter in violation of the 47 rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York 48 through the installation and operation of street cleaning-related photo 49 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; or 50 making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. 51 Pleas entered and allegations contested within that period shall be in 52 the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penal- 53 ty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be 54 required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of opera- 55 tors or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no 56 case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a noticeA. 8902 19 1 of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the 2 expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an 3 allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty 4 shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If 5 the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustain- 6 ing them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those 7 upon which the person was originally charged. 8 § 8. Subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 9 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8 of part MM of 10 chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, is amended to read as follows: 11 (i) If at the time of application for a registration or renewal there- 12 of there is a certification from a court, parking violations bureau, 13 traffic and parking violations agency or administrative tribunal of 14 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 15 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 16 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 17 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a 18 total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, 19 issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such 20 motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- 21 cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without 22 being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local 23 authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of 24 any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or 25 (ii) the registrant was liable for a violation of subdivision (d) of 26 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 27 local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 28 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with traffic-con- 29 trol indications through the installation and operation of traffic-con- 30 trol signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance with arti- 31 cle twenty-four of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable for 32 a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 33 hundred eighty of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration 34 program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for fail- 35 ure of an operator thereof to comply with such posted maximum speed 36 limits through the installation and operation of photo speed violation 37 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this chapter; 38 or (iv) the registrant was liable for a violation of bus lane 39 restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed 40 pursuant to a bus rapid transit program imposing monetary liability on 41 the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with 42 such bus lane restrictions through the installation and operation of bus 43 lane photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chap- 44 ter; or (v) the registrant was liable for a violation of section eleven 45 hundred seventy-four of this chapter when meeting a school bus marked 46 and equipped as provided in subdivisions twenty and twenty-one-c of 47 section three hundred seventy-five of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 48 local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 49 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with school bus red 50 visual signals through the installation and operation of school bus 51 photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty- 52 nine of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable for a violation 53 of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and the rules of 54 the department of transportation of the city of New York in relation to 55 gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight violations imposed pursuant to a 56 weigh in motion demonstration program imposing monetary liability on theA. 8902 20 1 owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with 2 such gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions through the 3 installation and operation of weigh in motion violation monitoring 4 systems, in accordance with article ten of this chapter; or (vii) the 5 registrant was liable for a violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or 6 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter imposed pursuant to 7 a demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 8 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such posted 9 maximum speed limits within a highway construction or maintenance work 10 area through the installation and operation of photo speed violation 11 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this 12 chapter[,]; or (viii) the registrant was liable for a violation of bus 13 operation-related traffic regulations as defined by article twenty-four 14 of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing 15 monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 16 thereof to comply with such bus operation-related traffic regulations 17 through the installation and operation of bus operation-related photo 18 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter[,]; or 19 (ix) the registrant was liable for a violation of street cleaning-relat- 20 ed traffic regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter 21 imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability 22 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply 23 with such street cleaning-related traffic regulations through the 24 installation and operation of street cleaning-related photo devices, in 25 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter, the commissioner or 26 his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application 27 until the applicant provides proof from the court, traffic and parking 28 violations agency or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are 29 pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an 30 administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and 31 regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where 32 an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, 33 in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to 34 any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or 35 renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name 36 of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that such regis- 37 trant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and 38 where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such 39 registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes 40 of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as 41 the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative 42 tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations 43 following entry of a final decision. 44 § 9. Subdivision 1-a of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 45 as amended by section 9 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, is 46 amended to read as follows: 47 1-a. Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision one of this 48 section, the provisions of subdivision one of this section shall not 49 apply to an adjudication of liability of owners: (a) for violations of 50 subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter imposed 51 pursuant to a local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the 52 owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with 53 traffic-control indications through the installation and operation of 54 traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance 55 with article twenty-four of this chapter; or (b) for violations of 56 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eightyA. 8902 21 1 of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing 2 monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 3 thereof to comply with such posted maximum speed limits through the 4 installation and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, 5 in accordance with article thirty of this chapter; or (c) for violations 6 of bus lane restrictions as defined by article twenty-four of this chap- 7 ter imposed pursuant to a bus rapid transit program imposing monetary 8 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof 9 to comply with such bus lane restrictions through the installation and 10 operation of bus lane photo devices, in accordance with article twenty- 11 four of this chapter; or (d) for violations of toll collection regu- 12 lations imposed by certain public authorities pursuant to the law 13 authorizing such public authorities to impose monetary liability on the 14 owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with 15 toll collection regulations of such public authorities through the 16 installation and operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance 17 with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 18 the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 19 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 20 hundred fifty; or (e) for violations of section eleven hundred seventy- 21 four of this chapter when meeting a school bus marked and equipped as 22 provided in subdivisions twenty and twenty-one-c of section three 23 hundred seventy-five of this chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or 24 ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for 25 failure of an operator thereof to comply with school bus red visual 26 signals through the installation and operation of school bus photo 27 violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-nine of 28 this chapter; or (f) for violations of section three hundred eighty-five 29 of this chapter and the rules of the department of transportation of the 30 city of New York in relation to gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight 31 violations imposed pursuant to a weigh in motion demonstration program 32 imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an 33 operator thereof to comply with such gross vehicle weight and/or axle 34 weight restrictions through the installation and operation of weigh in 35 motion violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of 36 this chapter; or (g) for violations of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) 37 of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 38 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 39 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such posted 40 maximum speed limits within a highway construction or maintenance work 41 area through the installation and operation of photo speed violation 42 monitoring systems, in accordance with article thirty of this chapter; 43 or (h) for violations of bus operation-related traffic regulations as 44 defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 45 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 46 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus oper- 47 ation-related traffic regulations through the installation and operation 48 of bus operation-related photo devices, in accordance with article twen- 49 ty-four of this chapter; or (i) for violations of street cleaning-relat- 50 ed traffic regulations as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter 51 imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing monetary liability 52 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply 53 with such street cleaning-related traffic regulations through the 54 installation and operation of street cleaning-related photo devices, in 55 accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter.A. 8902 22 1 § 10. Subdivision 1 of section 1809-a of the vehicle and traffic law, 2 as amended by section 10 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, 3 is amended to read as follows: 4 1. The provisions of any other general or special law notwithstanding, 5 whenever, in a city having a population of one hundred thousand or more 6 according to the nineteen hundred eighty United States census, 7 proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court result in a finding 8 of liability, or conviction for the violation of any statute, local law, 9 ordinance or rule involving the parking, stopping or standing of a motor 10 vehicle, except (a) an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 11 violation of bus operation-related traffic regulations as defined by 12 article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration 13 program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for fail- 14 ure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus operation-related 15 traffic regulations through the installation and operation of bus opera- 16 tion-related photo devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of 17 this chapter, or (b) an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 18 violation of street cleaning-related traffic regulations as defined by 19 article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a demon- 20 stration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle 21 for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such street cleaning- 22 related traffic regulations through the installation and operation of 23 street cleaning-related photo devices, in accordance with article twen- 24 ty-four of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge in 25 addition to any other sentence, fine or penalty otherwise permitted or 26 required, in the amount of fifteen dollars. Such surcharge shall not be 27 deemed a monetary penalty for the purposes of section two hundred thir- 28 ty-seven of this chapter or section 19-203 of the administrative code of 29 the city of New York. 30 § 11. Subdivision 1 of section 1809-aa of the vehicle and traffic law, 31 as amended by section 11 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023, 32 is amended to read as follows: 33 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 34 an administrative tribunal or court result in a conviction for a 35 violation of section twelve hundred, twelve hundred one or twelve 36 hundred two of this chapter, except (a) an adjudication of liability of 37 an owner for a violation of bus operation-related traffic regulations as 38 defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 39 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 40 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus oper- 41 ation-related traffic regulations through the installation and operation 42 of bus operation-related photo devices, in accordance with article twen- 43 ty-four of this chapter, or (b) an adjudication of liability of an 44 owner for a violation of street cleaning-related traffic regulations 45 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to 46 a demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of 47 a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such street 48 cleaning-related traffic regulations through the installation and opera- 49 tion of street cleaning-related photo devices, in accordance with arti- 50 cle twenty-four of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory 51 surcharge in addition to any other sentence, fine or penalty otherwise 52 permitted or required, in the amount of twenty-five dollars. 53 § 12. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 54 and traffic law, as amended by section 12 of part MM of chapter 56 of 55 the laws of 2023, is amended to read as follows:A. 8902 23 1 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 2 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 3 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 4 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 5 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 6 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except: (i) a traffic 7 infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by 8 pedestrians or bicyclists; and (ii) an adjudication of liability of an 9 owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- 10 en of this chapter imposed pursuant to a local law or ordinance imposing 11 monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 12 thereof to comply with traffic-control indications through the installa- 13 tion and operation of traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring 14 systems, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; and 15 (iii) an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- 16 vision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of 17 this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing mone- 18 tary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 19 thereof to comply with such posted maximum speed limits through the 20 installation and operation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, 21 in accordance with article thirty of this chapter; and (iv) an adjudi- 22 cation of liability of an owner for a violation of bus lane restrictions 23 as defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 24 bus rapid transit program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 25 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus lane 26 restrictions through the installation and operation of bus lane photo 27 devices, in accordance with article twenty-four of this chapter; and (v) 28 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll 29 collection regulations imposed by certain public authorities pursuant to 30 the law authorizing such public authorities to impose monetary liability 31 on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply 32 with toll collection regulations of such public authorities through the 33 installation and operation of photo-monitoring systems, in accordance 34 with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public author- 35 ities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter 36 seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty; and 37 (vi) an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of section 38 eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter when meeting a school bus 39 marked and equipped as provided in subdivisions twenty and twenty-one-c 40 of section three hundred seventy-five of this chapter imposed pursuant 41 to a local law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of 42 a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with school bus 43 red visual signals through the installation and operation of school bus 44 photo violation monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty- 45 nine of this chapter; and (vii) an adjudication of liability of an owner 46 for a violation of section three hundred eighty-five of this chapter and 47 the rules of the department of transportation of the city of New York in 48 relation to gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight violations imposed 49 pursuant to a weigh in motion demonstration program imposing monetary 50 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof 51 to comply with such gross vehicle weight and/or axle weight restrictions 52 through the installation and operation of weigh in motion violation 53 monitoring systems, in accordance with article ten of this chapter; and 54 (viii) an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of 55 subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of 56 this chapter imposed pursuant to a demonstration program imposing mone-A. 8902 24 1 tary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator 2 thereof to comply with such posted maximum speed limits within a highway 3 construction or maintenance work area through the installation and oper- 4 ation of photo speed violation monitoring systems, in accordance with 5 article thirty of this chapter; and (ix) an adjudication of liability of 6 an owner for a violation of bus operation-related traffic regulations as 7 defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 8 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 9 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such bus oper- 10 ation-related traffic regulations through the installation and operation 11 of bus operation-related photo devices, in accordance with article twen- 12 ty-four of this chapter; and (x) an adjudication of liability of an 13 owner for a violation of street cleaning-related traffic regulations as 14 defined by article twenty-four of this chapter imposed pursuant to a 15 demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 16 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with such street 17 cleaning-related traffic regulations through the installation and opera- 18 tion of street cleaning-related photo devices, in accordance with arti- 19 cle twenty-four of this chapter, there shall be levied in addition to 20 any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, 21 an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 22 § 13. Subdivision 2 of section 87 of the public officers law is 23 amended by adding a new paragraph (u) to read as follows: 24 (u) are photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded 25 images prepared under authority of section eleven hundred eleven-h of 26 the vehicle and traffic law. 27 § 14. This act shall take effect one year after it shall have become a 28 law; provided, however, that sections one and thirteen of this act shall 29 expire on July 1, 2029, when upon such date the provisions of such 30 sections shall be deemed repealed; provided further, however, that: 31 (a) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809-a of the vehicle 32 and traffic law made by section ten of this act shall not affect the 33 repeal of such subdivision and shall be deemed repealed therewith; 34 (b) if section 2 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 35 not have taken effect on or before such date then section two of this 36 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 37 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 38 (c) if section 3 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 39 not have taken effect on or before such date then section three of this 40 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 41 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 42 (d) if section 4 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 43 not have taken effect on or before such date then section four of this 44 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 45 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 46 (e) if section 5 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 47 not have taken effect on or before such date then section five of this 48 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 49 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 50 (f) if section 6 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 51 not have taken effect on or before such date then section six of this 52 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 53 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 54 (g) if section 7 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 55 not have taken effect on or before such date then section seven of thisA. 8902 25 1 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 2 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 3 (h) if section 8 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 4 not have taken effect on or before such date then section eight of this 5 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 6 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 7 (i) if section 9 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 8 not have taken effect on or before such date then section nine of this 9 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 10 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 11 (j) if section 10 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 12 not have taken effect on or before such date then section ten of this 13 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 14 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 15 (k) if section 11 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 16 not have taken effect on or before such date then section eleven of this 17 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 18 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect; 19 (l) if section 12 of part MM of chapter 56 of the laws of 2023 shall 20 not have taken effect on or before such date then section twelve of this 21 act shall take effect on the same date and in the same manner as such 22 chapter of the laws of 2023, takes effect. 23 Effective immediately, the addition, amendment and/or repeal of any 24 rule or regulation necessary for the implementation of section one of 25 this act on its effective date are authorized to be made and completed 26 on or before such effective date.
