Bill Text: CT HB06899 | 2015 | General Assembly | Chaptered
Bill Title: An Act Expanding Guardianship Opportunities For Children And Implementing Provisions Of The Federal Preventing Sex Trafficking And Strengthening Families Act.
Spectrum: Committee Bill
Status: (Passed) 2015-07-02 - Signed by the Governor [HB06899 Detail]
Download: Connecticut-2015-HB06899-Chaptered.html
Substitute House Bill No. 6899
AN ACT EXPANDING GUARDIANSHIP OPPORTUNITIES FOR CHILDREN AND IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS OF THE FEDERAL PREVENTING SEX TRAFFICKING AND STRENGTHENING FAMILIES ACT.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Assembly convened:
Section 1. (NEW) (Effective July 1, 2015) (a) For purposes of this section:
(1) "Caregiver" means (A) a person who holds a license issued by the Department of Children and Families to provide foster care, (B) a person who has been approved to provide foster care by a child-placing agency licensed pursuant to section 17a-149 of the general statutes, (C) a relative or fictive kin caregiver, as defined in section 17a-114 of the general statutes, as amended by this act, or (D) an operator or official of a child-placing agency licensed pursuant to section 17a-149 of the general statutes in which a child has been placed;
(2) "Reasonable and prudent parent standard" means the standard characterized by careful and sensible parental decisions that maintain the health, safety and best interests of a child;
(3) "Normal childhood activities" means extracurricular, enrichment and social activities that may include, but not be limited to, overnight activities outside the direct supervision of the caregiver for periods of up to forty-eight hours; and
(4) "Age appropriate or developmentally appropriate" means (A) activities or items that are generally accepted as suitable for children of the same chronological age or maturity level or that are determined to be developmentally appropriate for a child based on the cognitive, emotional, physical and behavioral capacities that are typical for an age or age group; or (B) in the case of a specific child, activities or items that are suitable for such child based on such child's cognitive, emotional, physical and behavioral capacities.
(b) A caregiver shall have the authority, without prior approval of the department, Probate Court or Superior Court, to allow a child in his or her care that is the subject of a service plan or safety plan to participate in normal childhood activities that are age appropriate or developmentally appropriate for such child based on a reasonable and prudent parent standard, provided (1) such activities comply with provisions included in any existing service plan or safety plan established by the department or court order, and (2) the parent or guardian of such child or youth shall be afforded an opportunity to provide input into the development of such service plan or safety plan. The Commissioner of Children and Families shall promulgate department policy to provide guidance to caregivers concerning the reasonable and prudent parent standard. Such guidance shall include factors for the caregiver to consider prior to allowing a child to participate in age appropriate or developmentally appropriate activities, including, but not limited to, the child's age, maturity, mental and physical health, developmental level, behavioral propensities and aptitude. The commissioner shall notify each caregiver of the department policy promulgated pursuant to this subsection.
(c) (1) A representative of the department shall document the child's interest in and pursuit of normal childhood activities during regular home visits and document the child's participation in normal childhood activities that are age appropriate or developmentally appropriate in such child's service plan or safety plan.
(2) A representative of the department shall document a child's interest in and pursuit of normal childhood activities that are age appropriate or developmentally appropriate during regular meetings with the parents of such child. A representative of the department shall communicate to the caregiver of such child the opinions of the parents of such child regarding the child's participation in normal childhood activities so that the caregiver may consider the opinions of the parents of such child in the provision of care to the child.
(d) The department, caregiver, child-placing agency or child care facility, as defined in section 17a-93 of the general statutes, or any other private entity under contract with the state shall not be liable for any injury to a child that occurs as a result of a caregiver allowing a child to participate in normal childhood activities pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, unless the acts or omissions of the department, caregiver, child-placing agency or child care facility or any other private entity under contract with the state that cause such injury constitute gross, wilful or wanton negligence. The provisions of this subsection shall not be construed to remove or limit any existing liability protection afforded by law.
(e) Any private entity that contracts with the department to provide placement services to children in the legal custody of the department shall have policies consistent with this section. Policies that are not consistent with this section include those that are incompatible with, contradictory to or more restrictive than those provided in this section.
Sec. 2. Subsection (c) of section 17a-111b of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective July 1, 2015):
(c) If the court determines that such efforts are not required, the court shall, at such hearing or at a hearing held not later than thirty days after such determination, approve a permanency plan for such child. The plan may include (1) adoption and a requirement that the commissioner file a petition to terminate parental rights, (2) [long-term foster care with a relative licensed as a foster parent or certified as a relative caregiver, (3)] transfer of guardianship, or [(4)] (3) for a child sixteen years of age or older, such other planned permanent living arrangement as may be ordered by the court, provided the commissioner has documented a compelling reason why it would not be in the best interests of the child for the permanency plan to include one of the options set forth in [subdivisions (1) to (3), inclusive,] subdivision (1) or (2) of this subsection. The child's health and safety shall be of paramount concern in formulating such plan. If the permanency plan for a child sixteen years of age or older includes such other planned permanent living arrangement pursuant to subdivision (3) of this subsection, the provisions of subdivisions (3) to (5), inclusive, of subsection (k) of section 46b-129, as amended by this act, shall be applicable.
Sec. 3. Subsection (k) of section 46b-129 of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective July 1, 2015):
(k) (1) (A) Nine months after placement of the child or youth in the care and custody of the commissioner pursuant to a voluntary placement agreement, or removal of a child or youth pursuant to section 17a-101g or an order issued by a court of competent jurisdiction, whichever is earlier, the commissioner shall file a motion for review of a permanency plan if the child or youth has not reached his or her eighteenth birthday. Nine months after a permanency plan has been approved by the court pursuant to this subsection or subdivision (5) of subsection (j) of this section, the commissioner shall file a motion for review of the permanency plan. Any party seeking to oppose the commissioner's permanency plan, including a relative of a child or youth by blood or marriage who has intervened pursuant to subsection (d) of this section and is licensed as a foster parent for such child or youth or is vested with such child's or youth's temporary custody by order of the court, shall file a motion in opposition not later than thirty days after the filing of the commissioner's motion for review of the permanency plan, which motion shall include the reason therefor. A permanency hearing on any motion for review of the permanency plan shall be held not later than ninety days after the filing of such motion. The court shall hold evidentiary hearings in connection with any contested motion for review of the permanency plan and credible hearsay evidence regarding any party's compliance with specific steps ordered by the court shall be admissible at such evidentiary hearings. The commissioner shall have the burden of proving that the proposed permanency plan is in the best interests of the child or youth. After the initial permanency hearing, subsequent permanency hearings shall be held not less frequently than every twelve months while the child or youth remains in the custody of the Commissioner of Children and Families or, if the youth is over eighteen years of age, while the youth remains in voluntary placement with the department. The court shall provide notice to the child or youth, the parent or guardian of such child or youth, and any intervenor of the time and place of the court hearing on any such motion not less than fourteen days prior to such hearing.
(B) (i) If a child is at least twelve years of age, the child's permanency plan, and any revision to such plan, shall be developed in consultation with the child. In developing or revising such plan, the child may consult up to two individuals participating in the department's case plan regarding such child, neither of whom shall be the foster parent or caseworker of such child. One individual so selected by such child may be designated as the child's advisor for purposes of developing or revising the permanency plan.
(ii) If a child is at least twelve years of age, the commissioner shall notify the parent or guardian, foster parent and child of any administrative case review regarding such child's commitment not less than five days prior to such review and shall make a reasonable effort to schedule such review at a time and location that allows the parent or guardian, foster parent and child to attend.
(iii) If a child is at least twelve years of age, such child shall, whenever possible, identify not more than three adults with whom such child has a significant relationship and who may serve as a permanency resource. The identity of such adults shall be recorded in the case plan of such child.
(iv) Not later than January 1, 2016, and annually thereafter, the commissioner shall submit a report, in accordance with the provisions of section 11-4a, to the joint standing committees of the General Assembly having cognizance of matters relating to children and the judiciary, on the number of case plans in which children have identified adults with whom they have a significant relationship and who may serve as a permanency resource.
(2) At a permanency hearing held in accordance with the provisions of subdivision (1) of this subsection, the court shall approve a permanency plan that is in the best interests of the child or youth and takes into consideration the child's or youth's need for permanency. The child's or youth's health and safety shall be of paramount concern in formulating such plan. Such permanency plan may include the goal of (A) revocation of commitment and reunification of the child or youth with the parent or guardian, with or without protective supervision; (B) transfer of guardianship or permanent legal guardianship; (C) [long-term foster care with a relative licensed as a foster parent; (D)] filing of termination of parental rights and adoption; or [(E)] (D) for a child sixteen years of age or older, another planned permanent living arrangement ordered by the court, provided the Commissioner of Children and Families has documented a compelling reason why it would not be in the best interests of the child or youth for the permanency plan to include the goals in subparagraphs (A) to [(D)] (C), inclusive, of this subdivision. Such other planned permanent living arrangement shall, whenever possible, include an adult who has a significant relationship with the child, and who is willing to be a permanency resource, and may include, but not be limited to, placement of a [child or] youth in an independent living program or long term foster care with an identified foster parent.
(3) If the permanency plan for a child sixteen years of age or older includes the goal of another planned permanent living arrangement pursuant to subparagraph (D) of subdivision (2) of this subsection or subdivision (3) of subsection (c) of section 17a-111b, as amended by this act, the department shall document for the court: (A) The manner and frequency of efforts made by the department to return the child home or to secure placement for the child with a fit and willing relative, legal guardian or adoptive parent; and (B) the steps the department has taken to ensure (i) the child's foster family home or child care institution is following a reasonable and prudent parent standard, as defined in section 1 of this act; and (ii) the child has regular opportunities to engage in age appropriate and developmentally appropriate activities, as defined in section 1 of this act.
[(3)] (4) At a permanency hearing held in accordance with the provisions of subdivision (1) of this subsection, the court shall (A) (i) ask the child or youth about his or her desired permanency outcome, or (ii) if the child or youth is unavailable to appear at such hearing, require the attorney for the child or youth to consult with the child or youth regarding the child's or youth's desired permanency outcome and report the same to the court, (B) review the status of the child [,] or youth, (C) review the progress being made to implement the permanency plan, (D) determine a timetable for attaining the permanency plan, (E) determine the services to be provided to the parent if the court approves a permanency plan of reunification and the timetable for such services, and (F) determine whether the commissioner has made reasonable efforts to achieve the permanency plan. The court may revoke commitment if a cause for commitment no longer exists and it is in the best interests of the child or youth.
(5) If the permanency plan for a child sixteen years of age or older includes the goal of another planned permanent living arrangement pursuant to subparagraph (D) of subdivision (2) of this subsection, the court shall (A) (i) ask the child about his or her desired permanency outcome, or (ii) if the child is unavailable to appear at a permanency hearing held in accordance with the provisions of subdivision (1) of this subsection, require the attorney for the child to consult with the child regarding the child's desired permanency outcome and report the same to the court; (B) make a judicial determination that, as of the date of hearing, another planned permanent living arrangement is the best permanency plan for the child; and (C) document the compelling reasons why it is not in the best interest of the child to return home or to be placed with a fit and willing relative, legal guardian or adoptive parent.
[(4)] (6) If the court approves the permanency plan of adoption: (A) The Commissioner of Children and Families shall file a petition for termination of parental rights not later than sixty days after such approval if such petition has not previously been filed; (B) the commissioner may conduct a thorough adoption assessment and child-specific recruitment; and (C) the court may order that the child be photo-listed within thirty days if the court determines that such photo-listing is in the best interests of the child or youth. As used in this subdivision, "thorough adoption assessment" means conducting and documenting face-to-face interviews with the child or youth, foster care providers and other significant parties and "child specific recruitment" means recruiting an adoptive placement targeted to meet the individual needs of the specific child or youth, including, but not limited to, use of the media, use of photo-listing services and any other in-state or out-of-state resources that may be used to meet the specific needs of the child or youth, unless there are extenuating circumstances that indicate that such efforts are not in the best interests of the child or youth.
Sec. 4. Section 46b-141 of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective July 1, 2015):
(a) (1) Except as otherwise limited by subsection (i) of section 46b-140 and subdivision (2) of this subsection, commitment of children convicted as delinquent by the Superior Court to the Department of Children and Families shall be for (A) an indeterminate time up to a maximum of eighteen months, or (B) when so convicted for a serious juvenile offense, up to a maximum of four years at the discretion of the court, unless extended as hereinafter provided.
(2) Commitment of children convicted as delinquent by the Superior Court to the Department of Children and Families shall terminate when the child attains the age of twenty.
(b) The Commissioner of Children and Families may file a motion for an extension of the commitment as provided in subparagraph (A) of subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of this section beyond the eighteen-month period on the grounds that such extension is for the best interest of the child or the community. The court shall give notice to the parent or guardian and to the child at least fourteen days prior to the hearing upon such motion. The court may, after hearing and upon finding that such extension is in the best interest of the child or the community, continue the commitment for an additional period of not more than eighteen months, except that such additional period shall not continue beyond the date the child attains the age of twenty. Not later than twelve months after a child is committed to the Department of Children and Families in accordance with subparagraph (A) of subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of this section, the court shall hold a permanency hearing in accordance with subsection (d) of this section. After the initial permanency hearing, subsequent permanency hearings shall be held not less frequently than every twelve months while the child remains committed to the Department of Children and Families.
(c) The court shall hold a permanency hearing in accordance with subsection (d) of this section for each child convicted as delinquent for a serious juvenile offense as provided in subparagraph (B) of subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of this section within twelve months of commitment to the Department of Children and Families and every twelve months thereafter if the child remains committed to the Department of Children and Families. Such hearing may include the submission of a motion to the court by the commissioner to either (1) modify such commitment, or (2) extend the commitment beyond such four-year period on the grounds that such extension is for the best interest of the child or the community. The court shall give notice to the parent or guardian and to the child at least fourteen days prior to the hearing upon such motion. The court, after hearing, may modify such commitment or, upon finding that such extension is in the best interest of the child or the community, continue the commitment for an additional period of not more than eighteen months.
(d) At least sixty days prior to each permanency hearing required pursuant to subsection (b) or (c) of this section, the Commissioner of Children and Families shall file a permanency plan with the court. At each permanency hearing, the court shall review and approve a permanency plan that is in the best interest of the child and takes into consideration the child's need for permanency. Such permanency plan may include the goal of: (1) Revocation of commitment and placement of the child with the parent or guardian, (2) transfer of guardianship, (3) [permanent placement with a relative, (4)] adoption, or [(5)] (4) for any child sixteen years of age or older, such other planned permanent living arrangement ordered by the court, provided the Commissioner of Children and Families has documented a compelling reason why it would not be in the best interest of the child for the permanency plan to include the goals in subdivisions (1) to [(4)] (3), inclusive, of this subsection. Such other planned permanent living arrangement may include, but not be limited to, placement of the child in an independent living program. At any such permanency hearing, the court shall also determine whether the Commissioner of Children and Families has made reasonable efforts to achieve the permanency plan.
(e) (1) If the permanency plan for a child sixteen years of age or older includes such other planned permanent living arrangement pursuant to subdivision (4) of subsection (d) of this section, the department shall document for the court: (A) The manner and frequency of efforts made by the department to return the child home or secure a placement for the child with a fit and willing relative, legal guardian or an adoptive parent; and (B) the steps the department has taken to ensure that (i) the child's foster family home or child care institution is following a reasonable and prudent parent standard, as defined in section 1 of this act; and (ii) the child has regular, ongoing opportunities to engage in age appropriate or developmentally appropriate activities, as defined in section 1 of this act.
(2) At any such permanency hearing in which the plan for a child sixteen years of age or older is such other planned permanent living arrangement pursuant to subdivision (4) of subsection (d) of this section, the court shall (A) (i) ask the child about his or her desired permanency outcome, or (ii) if the child is unavailable to appear at such hearing, require the attorney for the child to consult with the child regarding the child's desired permanency outcome and report the same to the court; (B) make a judicial determination that, as of the date of hearing, such other planned permanent living arrangement is the best permanency plan for the child; and (C) document the compelling reasons why it is not in the best interest of the child to return home or to be placed with a fit and willing relative, legal guardian or adoptive parent.
[(e)] (f) All other commitments of delinquent, mentally deficient or mentally ill children by the court pursuant to the provisions of section 46b-140 may be for an indeterminate time, except that no such commitment may be ordered or continued for any child who has attained the age of twenty. Commitments may be reopened and terminated at any time by said court, provided the Commissioner of Children and Families shall be given notice of such proposed reopening and a reasonable opportunity to present the commissioner's views thereon. The parents or guardian of such child may apply not more than twice in any calendar year for such reopening and termination of commitment. Any order of the court made under the provisions of this section shall be deemed a final order for purposes of appeal, except that no bond shall be required and no costs shall be taxed on such appeal.
Sec. 5. Section 17a-114 of the general statutes is repealed and the following is substituted in lieu thereof (Effective July 1, 2015):
(a) As used in this section, (1) "approval" means a person has been approved to provide foster care by a child-placing agency licensed pursuant to section 17a-149, (2) "licensed" means a person holds a license to provide foster care issued by the Department of Children and Families, [to provide foster care, including foster care of a specific child, and "special study foster parent"] (3) "fictive kin caregiver" means a person who is twenty-one years of age or older and [who does not hold a license issued] who is unrelated to a child by birth, adoption or marriage but who has an emotionally significant relationship with such child amounting to a familial relationship and who is not approved or licensed to provide foster care by the Department of Children and Families, [to provide foster care] and (4) "regular unsupervised access" means periodic interaction with a child in the home for purposes of unsupervised child care, medical or other services to the child.
(b) (1) No child in the custody of the Commissioner of Children and Families shall be placed in foster care with any person, unless (A) such person is licensed for that purpose by the department or the Department of Developmental Services pursuant to the provisions of section 17a-227, or (B) such person's home is approved by a child placing agency licensed by the commissioner pursuant to section 17a-149, or (C) such person has received approval as provided in this section. Any person licensed by the department may be a prospective adoptive parent. The commissioner shall adopt regulations, in accordance with the provisions of chapter 54, to establish the licensing procedures and standards.
(2) The commissioner shall require each applicant for licensure or approval pursuant to this section and any person sixteen years of age or older living in the household of such applicant to submit to state and national criminal history records checks prior to issuing a license or approval to such applicant to accept placement of a child for purposes of foster care or adoption. Such criminal history records checks shall be conducted in accordance with section 29-17a. The commissioner shall also check the state child abuse registry established pursuant to section 17a-101k for the name of such applicant and for the name of any person sixteen years of age or older living in the household of such applicant.
(3) The commissioner, at his or her discretion, may require any person sixteen years of age or older, who is not living in the household but who has regular unsupervised access to a child in the home of an applicant for licensure or approval, to submit to state and national criminal history records checks prior to issuing a license or approval to such applicant to accept placement of a child. Such criminal history records checks shall be conducted in accordance with section
