Bill Text: CA AB1975 | 2023-2024 | Regular Session | Introduced
Bill Title: Medi-Cal: medically supportive food and nutrition interventions.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 16-0)
Status: (Engrossed) 2024-05-21 - Read third time. Passed. Ordered to the Senate. (Ayes 64. Noes 0.) [AB1975 Detail]
Download: California-2023-AB1975-Introduced.html
CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE—
2023–2024 REGULAR SESSION
Assembly Bill
No. 1975
| Introduced by Assembly Member Bonta (Coauthors: Assembly Members Arambula, Bryan, Gipson, Holden, Jackson, Jones-Sawyer, McCarty, McKinnor, Weber, and Wilson) (Coauthors: Senators Bradford and Smallwood-Cuevas) |
January 30, 2024 |
An act to add Sections 14134, 14134.1, 14134.11, and 14134.12 to the Welfare and Institutions Code, relating to Medi-Cal.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
AB 1975, as introduced, Bonta.
Medi-Cal: medically supportive food and nutrition interventions.
Existing law establishes the Medi-Cal program, which is administered by the State Department of Health Care Services and under which qualified low-income individuals receive health care services. The Medi-Cal program is, in part, governed and funded by federal Medicaid program provisions.
Existing law requires the department to establish the Medically Tailored Meals Pilot Program and the Short-Term Medically Tailored Meals Intervention Services Program, to operate in specified counties and during limited periods for the purpose of providing medically tailored meal intervention services to eligible Medi-Cal beneficiaries with certain health conditions, including congestive heart failure, cancer, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or renal disease.
Existing law, subject to implementation of
the California Advancing and Innovating Medi-Cal (CalAIM) initiative, authorizes a Medi-Cal managed care plan to elect to cover community supports approved by the department as cost effective and medically appropriate in a comprehensive risk contract that are in lieu of applicable Medi-Cal state plan services. Under existing law, community supports that the department is authorized to approve include, among other things, medically supportive food and nutrition services, including medically tailored meals.
This bill would make medically supportive food and nutrition interventions, as defined, a covered benefit under the Medi-Cal program, through both the fee-for-service and managed care delivery systems, effective July 1, 2026, subject to federal approval and the issuance of final guidance by the department. The bill would require those interventions to be covered if determined to be medically necessary by a health care provider or health care plan, as specified. The
bill would require the provision of interventions for 12 weeks, or longer if deemed medically necessary. The bill would require a Medi-Cal managed care plan to offer at least 3 of 6 listed interventions, with certain conditions for a 7th intervention.
The bill would require the department to define the qualifying medical conditions for purposes of the covered interventions. The bill would require a health care provider, to the extent possible, to match the acuity of a patient’s condition to the intensity and duration of the covered intervention and to include culturally appropriate foods.
The bill would require the department to establish a medically supportive food and nutrition benefit stakeholder group, with a specified composition, to advise the department on certain related items. The bill would require the workgroup to issue final guidance on or before July 1, 2026.
Digest Key
Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: YES Local Program: NOBill Text
The people of the State of California do enact as follows:
SECTION 1.
The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) Too many Californians, particularly Californians of color, are living with largely preventable chronic conditions. Adequate food and nutrition are a fundamental part of preventing and treating many health conditions, and can significantly improve a person’s quality of life and health status while also reducing health care costs.
(b) California has recognized the critical role of nutrition and its influence on health outcomes and health equity through its inclusion of medically supportive food and nutrition interventions in the California Advancing and Innovating Medi-Cal (CalAIM) initiative. However, these
services are optional, with individual managed care plans voluntarily opting in to provide them, leaving many Medi-Cal beneficiaries without access to these critical interventions.
(c) Medically supportive food and nutrition interventions have the potential to transform our disease care system to a true health care delivery system. By fully embracing food and nutritional support as a critical and strategic investment in health outcomes and health equity, California can lead the nation in tackling root causes of health disparities and become the healthiest state in the nation.
SEC. 2.
Section 14134 is added to the Welfare and Institutions Code, to read:14134.
For purposes of this section through Section 14134.12, the following definitions apply:(a) “Medically supportive food and nutrition intervention” means any of the seven interventions listed in paragraphs (1) through (7) of subdivision (b) that provide nutrient-rich whole food, including any fruit, vegetable, legume, nut, seed, whole grain, low-mercury and high-omega-3 fatty acid seafood, or lean animal protein, used for the prevention, reversal, or treatment of certain health conditions. Medically supportive food and nutrition interventions are encouraged, but not required, to utilize, to the extent possible, foods from small- to medium-sized farms, beginning farmers, or farms owned or operated by socially disadvantaged producers, that produce food using
regenerative, organic, or other climate-smart practices. Medically supportive food and nutrition interventions are, to the extent possible, provided by community-based organizations.
(b) (1) “Medically tailored meals” or “MTM” means meals that adhere to standards informed by established nutrition guidelines for specific health conditions, as available, and are tailored to a recipient’s health conditions by a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN). For purposes of this paragraph, a provider of MTM offers a qualified individual at least two medically tailored home-delivered meals, or a portioned equivalent, each day that meet at least two-thirds of the daily nutrient and energy needs of a person from the primary population served, and offers the qualified individual medical nutrition therapy that is provided by an RDN.
(2) “Medically supportive meals” means
meals that follow the federal Dietary Guidelines for Americans and meet general health recommendations.
(3) “Food pharmacy” means medically supportive food paired with additional nutrition supports, typically in a health care setting.
(4) “Medically tailored groceries” or “MTG” means preselected medically supportive food that adheres to standards informed by established nutrition guidelines for specific health conditions, as available, and is tailored to a recipient’s health conditions by an RDN. For purposes of this paragraph, a provider of MTG offers a qualified individual medically supportive food in sufficient quantity to make at least two meals, or a portioned equivalent, each day that meet at least two-thirds of the daily nutrient and energy needs of a person from the primary population served, and offers the qualified individual medical nutrition therapy that is provided by
an RDN.
(5) “Medically supportive groceries” means preselected medically supportive food that follows the federal Dietary Guidelines for Americans and meets general health recommendations.
(6) “Produce prescription” means fruits and vegetables, procured in retail settings, such as grocery stores or farmers’ markets, via a financial mechanism.
(7) “Nutrition supports” includes nutrition education, cooking education and tools, including equipment and materials, and health coaching and behavioral supports based on a recipient’s medical conditions, when paired with the interventions described in paragraphs (1) through (6). Nutrition supports are provided in either an individual or group setting.
SEC. 3.
Section 14134.1 is added to the Welfare and Institutions Code, to read:14134.1.
(a) Effective July 1, 2026, medically supportive food and nutrition interventions, as defined in Section 14134, are covered if those interventions are determined to be medically necessary in treating a patient’s medical condition by a health care provider or health care plan, subject to Section 14134.11 and utilization controls.(b) (1) Medi-Cal beneficiaries in the fee-for-service or managed care delivery system shall be eligible for medically supportive food and nutrition interventions, subject to this section and Section 14134.11. A Medi-Cal managed care plan shall offer at least three of the interventions listed in paragraphs (1) through (6) of subdivision (b) of Section 14134.
(2) In order to be covered under the Medi-Cal program, nutrition supports, as defined in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b) of Section 14134, shall be paired with the provision of food through one of the other offered interventions under paragraphs (1) through (6) of subdivision (b) of Section 14134.
(3) Interventions shall be provided for 12 weeks, or longer if deemed medically necessary.
(c) This section shall not be implemented until official guidance is finalized by the department in consultation with the medically supportive food and nutrition benefit stakeholder advisory workgroup established pursuant to Section 14134.12.
(d) Notwithstanding Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, the
department, without taking any further regulatory action, may implement, interpret, or make specific this section by means of all-county letters, plan letters, plan or provider bulletins, or similar instructions until the time regulations are adopted.
(e) This section shall be implemented only to the extent that any necessary federal approvals are obtained, and federal financial participation is available and not otherwise jeopardized.
SEC. 4.
Section 14134.11 is added to the Welfare and Institutions Code, immediately following Section 14134.1, to read:14134.11.
(a) For purposes of coverage of medically supportive food and nutrition interventions as described in Section 14134.1, the department shall define the qualifying medical conditions for those interventions, including chronic and other conditions that evidence shows are sensitive to changes in diet. The department shall consult with the medically supportive food and nutrition benefit stakeholder advisory workgroup established pursuant to Section 14134.12 in the development of these qualifying medical conditions.(b) A health care provider shall, to the extent possible, match the acuity of a patient’s condition to the intensity and duration of the covered medically supportive food and nutrition intervention, subject to the timeline restrictions
under subdivision (b) of Section 14134.1. The health care provider shall, to the extent possible, include culturally appropriate foods.
(c) Nutrition supports as described in paragraph (7) of subdivision (b) of Section 14134 are encouraged to be included with the interventions offered to the patient under subdivision (b), but shall not count toward the minimum intervention requirements, as described in subdivision (b) of Section 14134.1.
SEC. 5.
Section 14134.12 is added to the Welfare and Institutions Code, immediately following Section 14134.11, to read:14134.12.
(a) For purposes of coverage of medically supportive food and nutrition interventions as described in Section 14134.1, the department shall, on or before July 1, 2025, establish a medically supportive food and nutrition benefit stakeholder advisory workgroup to advise the department in the development of official guidance related to eligible populations, the duration and dosage of those interventions, ratesetting, the determination of permitted and preferred medically supportive food and nutrition providers, value-based procurement and equitable sourcing of food, and continuing education for health care providers and other medically supportive food and nutrition providers.(b) The workgroup shall represent both rural and urban geographic
regions and shall, at a minimum, consist of stakeholders collectively representing all of the following:
(1) Each of the seven medically supportive food and nutrition interventions described in Section 14134, with a different stakeholder per intervention.
(2) Small- to medium-sized farms, beginning farmers, or farms owned or operated by socially disadvantaged producers.
(3) Health care providers or associations that primarily serve Medi-Cal beneficiaries.
(4) Medi-Cal consumer advocacy organizations.
(5) Researchers of medically supportive food.
(c) The workgroup shall meet quarterly, or more often as necessary.
(d) (1) The department shall provide 30 calendar days for the workgroup convened pursuant to subdivision (a) to comment on guidance on the benefit design of the medically supportive food and nutrition interventions before finalizing draft guidance for public comment.
(2) The department shall provide an additional 60 calendar days for public comment on draft guidance before finalizing its official guidance.
(3) The department shall issue final guidance on or before July 1, 2026.
