CHAPTER 834
An Act to amend and reenact §§3.2-6521, 3.2-6522, 3.2-6525,
18.2-313.1, and 54.1-3812 of the Code of Virginia and to amend the Code of
Virginia by adding a section numbered 3.2-6562.1, relating to rabies regulation
and control; penalty.
[H 621]
Approved April 21, 2010
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia:
1. That §§3.2-6521, 3.2-6522, 3.2-6525, 18.2-313.1, and
54.1-3812 of the Code of Virginia are amended and reenacted and that the Code
of Virginia is amended by adding a section numbered 3.2-6562.1 as follows:
§3.2-6521. Rabies inoculation of companion animals;
availability of certificate; rabies clinics.
A. The owner or custodian of all dogs and domesticated
cats four months of age and older shall have them such animal
currently vaccinated for rabies by a licensed veterinarian or licensed
veterinary technician who is under the immediate and direct supervision of a
licensed veterinarian on the premises unless otherwise provided by
regulations. The supervising veterinarian on the premises shall provide the
owner or custodian of the dog or the custodian of the domesticated
cat with a rabies vaccination certificate of or herd rabies vaccination
certificate and shall keep a copy in his own files. The owner or custodian
of the dog or the custodian of the domesticated cat shall furnish
within a reasonable period of time, upon the request of an animal control
officer, humane investigator, law-enforcement officer, State Veterinarian's
representative, or official of the Department of Health, the certificate of
vaccination for such dog or cat. The vaccine used shall be licensed by the U.S.
Department of Agriculture for use in that species. At the discretion of the
local health director, a medical record from a licensed veterinary
establishment reflecting a currently vaccinated status may serve as proof of
vaccination.
B. Rabies All rabies clinics, must be
approved by the appropriate local health department and governing body,.
Rabies clinics shall be held at least once per year when the governing
body finds that the number of resident veterinarians is otherwise inadequate to
meet the need. The licensed veterinarian who administers rabies vaccinations
at the clinic shall (i) provide the owner or custodian a rabies vaccination
certificate for each vaccinated animal and (ii) ensure that a licensed
veterinary facility retains a copy of the rabies vaccination certificate. The
sponsoring organization of a rabies clinic shall, upon the request of the owner
or custodian, an animal control officer, a humane investigator, a
law-enforcement officer, a State Veterinarian's representative, a licensed
veterinarian, or an official of the Department of Health, provide the name and
contact information of the licensed veterinary facility where a copy of the
rabies vaccination certificate is retained.
C. Vaccination subsequent to a summons to appear before a
court for failure to do so shall not operate to relieve such owner from the
penalties or court costs provided under §16.1-69.48:1 or 17.1-275.7.
§3.2-6522. Rabid animals.
A. When there is sufficient reason to believe that a
rabid animal is at large the risk of exposure to rabies is elevated,
the governing body of any locality shall have the power to pass may
enact, and the local health director may recommend, an emergency ordinance
that shall become effective immediately upon passage, requiring owners of all
dogs and cats therein to keep the same confined on their premises unless
leashed under restraint of the owner in such a manner that persons or animals
will not be subject to the danger of being bitten by the a rabid
animal. Any such emergency ordinance enacted pursuant to the provisions of this
section shall be operative for a period not to exceed 30 days unless renewed by
the governing body of such locality in consultation with the local health
director. The governing body of any locality shall also have the power and
authority to pass ordinances restricting the running at large in their
respective jurisdiction of dogs and cats that have not been inoculated or
vaccinated against rabies and to provide penalties for the violation thereof.
Dogs or cats B. Any dog or cat showing active
signs of rabies or suspected of having rabies that is not known to have
exposed a person, companion animal, or livestock to rabies shall be
confined under competent observation for such a time as may be necessary to
determine a diagnosis. If, in the discretion of the local health director,
confinement is impossible or impracticable, such dog or cat shall be euthanized
by one of the methods approved by the State Veterinarian as provided in §
3.2-6546. The disposition of other animals showing active signs of rabies
shall be determined by the local health director and may include euthanasia and
testing.
C. Every person having knowledge of the existence of an
animal apparently afflicted with that is suspected to be rabid and
that may have exposed a person, companion animal, or livestock to rabies
shall report immediately to the local health department the existence of such
animal, the place where seen, the owner's name, if known, and the symptoms
signs suggesting rabies.
D. Any dog or cat, for which no proof of current rabies
vaccination is available, and that is may have been exposed to
rabies through a bite, or through saliva or central nervous system tissue, in a
fresh open wound or mucous membrane, by an animal believed to be afflicted
with rabies suspected to be rabid, shall be confined
isolated in a pound, kennel, or enclosure approved by the local health
department for a period not to exceed six months at the expense of the owner
or custodian in a manner and by a date certain as determined by the local
health director. If this is not feasible, the dog or cat shall be
euthanized by one of the methods approved by the State Veterinarian as provided
in §3.2-6546. A rabies vaccination shall be administered by a licensed
veterinarian prior to release. Inactivated rabies vaccine may be
administered at the beginning of confinement isolation. Any dog or
cat so bitten, or exposed to rabies through saliva or central nervous system
tissue, in a fresh open wound or mucous membrane with proof of a valid
rabies current vaccination, shall be revaccinated by a licensed
veterinarian immediately following the bite exposure and
shall be confined to the premises of the owner or custodian, or other
site as may be approved by the local health department at the expense of the
owner or custodian, for a period of 45 days. If the local health
director determines that isolation is not feasible or maintained, such dog or
cat shall be euthanized by one of the methods approved by the State
Veterinarian as provided in §3.2-6546. The disposition of such dogs or cats
not so confined shall be at the discretion of the local health director.
E. At the discretion of the director of a local
health department director, any animal that has bitten may
have exposed a person shall be confined under competent observation for 10
days at the expense of the owner or custodian, unless the animal
develops active symptoms signs of rabies or,
expires, or is euthanized before that time. A seriously injured or sick
animal may be euthanized as provided in §3.2-6546, and its head sent to the
Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services of the Department of General
Services, or the local health department, for evaluation.
F. When any potentially suspected rabid
animal, other than a dog or cat, exposes or may have exposed a person to rabies
through a bite, or through saliva or central nervous system tissue, in a fresh
open wound or mucous membrane, decisions regarding the disposition of that
animal shall be confined at the discretion of a local health director
in a manner approved by the health department or euthanized and may
include euthanasia as provided in §3.2-6546 and its head sent to the
Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services of the Department of General
Services or the local health department for evaluation, or as directed
by the state agency with jurisdiction over that species. When any animal,
other than a dog or cat, is exposed or may have been exposed to rabies
through a bite, or through saliva or central nervous system tissue, in a fresh
open wound or mucous membrane, by an animal believed to be afflicted with
rabies suspected to be rabid, decisions regarding the disposition
of that newly exposed animal shall be confined at the discretion of
a local health director in a manner approved by the health department or
euthanized as provided in §3.2-6546.
G. When any animal may have exposed a person to rabies and
subsequently expires due to illness or euthanasia, either within an observation
period, where applicable, or as part of a public health investigation, its head
or brain shall be sent to the Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services of
the Department of General Services or be tested as directed by the local health
department.
§3.2-6525. Regulations to prevent spread of rabies.
A. The governing body of any locality may adopt such
ordinances, regulations or other measures as may be deemed reasonably necessary
to prevent the spread within its boundaries of the disease of rabies. Penalties
may be provided for the violation of any such ordinances. If the ordinance
declares the existence of an emergency, then the ordinance shall be in force
upon passage.
B. The governing body of Fairfax County any locality
may adopt an ordinance creating a program for the distribution of oral rabies
vaccine within its boundaries to prevent the spread of rabies. An ordinance
enacted pursuant to this subsection on or after July 1, 2010, shall be
developed in consultation with the Department of Health and with written
authorization from the Department of Game and Inland Fisheries in accordance
with §29.1-508.1 and shall contain the following provisions:
1. Notice shall be given to the owner or occupant of property
prior to the entry upon the property for the purpose of the distribution of
oral rabies vaccine or the use of any other methods to place oral rabies
vaccine on the property. Notice shall be given by: (i) sending two letters by
first-class mail, at successive intervals of not less than two weeks set forth
in the ordinance; and (ii) printing a copy thereof, at least once, in a
newspaper of general circulation in the locality concerned. Written notice
shall be in a form approved by the governing body and shall include a
description of the purpose for which entry upon the property is to be made, the
time and method of rabies vaccine distribution at the property, and the
submission deadline for requests by any owner or occupant of property who
wishes to be excluded from the oral rabies vaccine distribution program.
2. The owner or occupant of property may refuse to allow the
distribution of oral rabies vaccine upon such property. The ordinance shall establish
procedures to be followed by any owner or occupant who wishes to be excluded
from the oral rabies vaccine distribution program, including the time and
method by which requests for nonparticipation must be received. If the
governing body receives a request for nonparticipation by the owner or occupant
of property for the distribution of oral rabies vaccine, no further action
shall be taken to distribute oral vaccine, on such property for a period of one
year.
Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit any
authority for the distribution of oral rabies vaccine otherwise provided by
law.
§3.2-6562.1. Rabies exposure; local authority and
responsibility plan.
The local health director, in conjunction with the
governing body of the locality, shall adopt a plan to control and respond to
the risk of rabies exposure to persons and companion animals. Such plan shall
set forth a procedure that promptly ensures the capture, confinement,
isolation, or euthanasia of any animal that has exposed, or poses a risk of
exposing, a person or companion animal to rabies. The plan shall identify the
authority and responsibility of the local health department, law-enforcement
officers, animal control officers, and any other persons with a duty to control
or respond to a risk of rabies exposure. The plan shall provide for
law-enforcement officers, animal control officers, and other persons to report
to and be directed by the local health director for such purposes.
§18.2-313.1. Withholding information about possibly rabid
animal; penalty.
It shall be unlawful for any person to (i) knowingly
withhold information from, or knowingly give false information to, any
lawfully authorized governmental agent which would reasonably lead to the
discovery or location and capture of any animal reasonably identifiable as one
which that has bitten potentially exposed a human
being to rabies; (ii) upon the request of an animal control officer, a
law-enforcement officer, or an official of the Department of Health, willfully
fail to grant access to any animal owned, harbored, or kept by that person that
is suspected of having caused a rabies exposure to a human being; or (iii) upon
notice by an animal control officer, a law-enforcement officer, or an official
of the Department of Health, willfully fail to comply with a confinement,
isolation, or quarantine order.
Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be
guilty of a Class 2 misdemeanor.
§54.1-3812. Release of records.
A. A veterinarian licensed by the Board shall release or
authorize the release of rabies immunization records and other relevant
treatment data of an animal under his care to (i) a requesting
physician, physician assistant, or nurse practitioner who is contemplating the
administration of the rabies treatment protocol to any person under his care
who has been the victim of a bite or traumatic injury to the skin or body
from such animal other possible rabies exposure from such animal; (ii) a
requesting animal control officer or law-enforcement officer who needs to
identify the owner of such animal or verify the rabies vaccination history of
such animal; or (iii) a requesting animal control officer or an official of the
Department of Health who is investigating the incident.
B. Any veterinarian licensed by the Board who in good faith
releases or authorizes the release of an animal's rabies immunization records
and other relevant data pursuant to this section shall not be liable for civil
damages resulting from the release of such information.
2. That the Board of Health, in accordance with the
Administrative Process Act (§2.2-4000 et seq. of the Code of Virginia), shall
adopt regulations to implement the provisions of this act. Such regulations
shall include a model plan that may be used by localities to comply with the
requirements of §3.2-6562.1 of this act. The model plan shall provide
alternatives that reflect variations in local circumstances across the
Commonwealth.
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