Bill Text: TX HB215 | 2023-2024 | 88th Legislature | Introduced

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Bill Title: Relating to an exemption from ad valorem taxation of the total appraised value of the residence homesteads of certain elderly persons and their surviving spouses.

Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)

Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2023-02-23 - Referred to Ways & Means [HB215 Detail]

Download: Texas-2023-HB215-Introduced.html

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88R2282 SMH/MEW-D
By: J. Johnson of Harris H.B. No. 215

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
relating to an exemption from ad valorem taxation of the total
appraised value of the residence homesteads of certain elderly
persons and their surviving spouses.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1. Section 11.13, Tax Code, is amended by amending
Subsection (i) and adding Subsections (s) and (t) to read as
follows:
(i) The assessor and collector for a taxing unit may
disregard the exemptions authorized by Subsection (b), (c), (d),
[or] (n), (s), or (t) [of this section] and assess and collect a tax
pledged for payment of debt without deducting the amount of the
exemption if:
(1) prior to adoption of the exemption, the taxing
unit pledged the taxes for the payment of a debt; and
(2) granting the exemption would impair the obligation
of the contract creating the debt.
(s) In addition to any other exemptions provided by this
section, an individual is entitled to an exemption from taxation of
the total appraised value of the individual's residence homestead
if:
(1) the individual is 80 years of age or older; and
(2) the individual has received an exemption under
this section for the residence homestead for at least the preceding
10 years.
(t) The surviving spouse of an individual who qualified for
an exemption under Subsection (s) is entitled to an exemption from
taxation of the total appraised value of the same property to which
the deceased spouse's exemption applied if:
(1) the deceased spouse died in a year in which the
deceased spouse qualified for the exemption;
(2) the surviving spouse was 55 years of age or older
when the deceased spouse died; and
(3) the property was the residence homestead of the
surviving spouse when the deceased spouse died and remains the
residence homestead of the surviving spouse.
SECTION 2. Section 11.42(c), Tax Code, is amended to read as
follows:
(c) An exemption authorized by Section 11.13(c), [or] (d),
or (s), 11.132, 11.133, or 11.134 is effective as of January 1 of
the tax year in which the person qualifies for the exemption and
applies to the entire tax year.
SECTION 3. Sections 11.43(k), (l), (m), and (q), Tax Code,
are amended to read as follows:
(k) A person who qualifies for an exemption authorized by
Section 11.13(c), [or] (d), or (s) or 11.132 must apply for the
exemption no later than the first anniversary of the date the person
qualified for the exemption.
(l) The form for an application under Section 11.13 must
include a space for the applicant to state the applicant's date of
birth. Failure to provide the date of birth does not affect the
applicant's eligibility for an exemption under that section, other
than an exemption under Section 11.13(c) or (d) for an individual 65
years of age or older or an exemption under Section 11.13(s) for an
individual 80 years of age or older.
(m) Notwithstanding Subsections (a) and (k), a person who
receives an exemption under Section 11.13, other than an exemption
under Section 11.13(c) or (d) for an individual 65 years of age or
older or an exemption under Section 11.13(s) for an individual 80
years of age or older, in a tax year is entitled to receive an
exemption under Section 11.13(c) or (d) for an individual 65 years
of age or older or an exemption under Section 11.13(s) for an
individual 80 years of age or older in the next tax year on the same
property without applying for the exemption if the person becomes
65 or 80 years of age, as applicable, in that next year as shown by:
(1) information in the records of the appraisal
district that was provided to the appraisal district by the
individual in an application for an exemption under Section 11.13
on the property or in correspondence relating to the property; or
(2) the information provided by the Texas Department
of Public Safety to the appraisal district under Section 521.049,
Transportation Code.
(q) A chief appraiser may not cancel an exemption under
Section 11.13 that is received by an individual who is 65 years of
age or older without first providing written notice of the
cancellation to the individual receiving the exemption. The notice
must include a form on which the individual may indicate whether the
individual is qualified to receive the exemption and a
self-addressed postage prepaid envelope with instructions for
returning the form to the chief appraiser. The chief appraiser
shall consider the individual's response on the form in determining
whether to continue to allow the exemption. If the chief appraiser
does not receive a response on or before the 60th day after the date
the notice is mailed, the chief appraiser may cancel the exemption
on or after the 30th day after the expiration of the 60-day period,
but only after making a reasonable effort to locate the individual
and determine whether the individual is qualified to receive the
exemption. For purposes of this subsection, sending an additional
notice of cancellation that includes, in bold font equal to or
greater in size than the surrounding text, the date on which the
chief appraiser is authorized to cancel the exemption to the
individual receiving the exemption immediately after the
expiration of the 60-day period by first class mail in an envelope
on which is written, in all capital letters, "RETURN SERVICE
REQUESTED," or another appropriate statement directing the United
States Postal Service to return the notice if it is not deliverable
as addressed, or providing the additional notice in another manner
that the chief appraiser determines is appropriate, constitutes a
reasonable effort on the part of the chief appraiser. This
subsection does not apply to an exemption under Section 11.13(c) or
(d) for an individual 65 years of age or older or an exemption under
Section 11.13(s) for an individual 80 years of age or older that is
canceled because the chief appraiser determines that the individual
receiving the exemption no longer owns the property subject to the
exemption.
SECTION 4. Section 26.10(b), Tax Code, is amended to read as
follows:
(b) If the appraisal roll shows that a residence homestead
exemption under Section 11.13(c), [or] (d), or (s), 11.132, 11.133,
or 11.134 applicable to a property on January 1 of a year terminated
during the year and if the owner of the property qualifies a
different property for one of those residence homestead exemptions
during the same year, the tax due against the former residence
homestead is calculated by:
(1) subtracting:
(A) the amount of the taxes that otherwise would
be imposed on the former residence homestead for the entire year had
the owner qualified for the residence homestead exemption for the
entire year; from
(B) the amount of the taxes that otherwise would
be imposed on the former residence homestead for the entire year had
the owner not qualified for the residence homestead exemption
during the year;
(2) multiplying the remainder determined under
Subdivision (1) by a fraction, the denominator of which is 365 and
the numerator of which is the number of days that elapsed after the
date the exemption terminated; and
(3) adding the product determined under Subdivision
(2) and the amount described by Subdivision (1)(A).
SECTION 5. Section 26.112, Tax Code, is amended to read as
follows:
Sec. 26.112. CALCULATION OF TAXES ON RESIDENCE HOMESTEAD OF
CERTAIN PERSONS. (a) Except as provided by Section 26.10(b), if at
any time during a tax year property is owned by an individual who
qualifies for an exemption under Section 11.13(c), [or] (d), or
(s), 11.133, or 11.134, the amount of the tax due on the property
for the tax year is calculated as if the individual qualified for
the exemption on January 1 and continued to qualify for the
exemption for the remainder of the tax year.
(b) If an individual qualifies for an exemption under
Section 11.13(c), [or] (d), or (s), 11.133, or 11.134 with respect
to the property after the amount of the tax due on the property is
calculated and the effect of the qualification is to reduce the
amount of the tax due on the property, the assessor for each taxing
unit shall recalculate the amount of the tax due on the property and
correct the tax roll. If the tax bill has been mailed and the tax on
the property has not been paid, the assessor shall mail a corrected
tax bill to the person in whose name the property is listed on the
tax roll or to the person's authorized agent. If the tax on the
property has been paid, the tax collector for the taxing unit shall
refund to the person who was the owner of the property on the date
the tax was paid the amount by which the payment exceeded the tax
due.
SECTION 6. Section 33.01(d), Tax Code, is amended to read as
follows:
(d) In lieu of the penalty imposed under Subsection (a), a
delinquent tax incurs a penalty of 50 percent of the amount of the
tax without regard to the number of months the tax has been
delinquent if the tax is delinquent because the property owner
received an exemption under:
(1) Section 11.13 and the chief appraiser subsequently
cancels the exemption because the residence was not the principal
residence of the property owner and the property owner received an
exemption for two or more additional residence homesteads for the
tax year in which the tax was imposed;
(2) Section 11.13(c) or (d) for a person who is 65
years of age or older and the chief appraiser subsequently cancels
the exemption because the property owner was younger than 65 years
of age; [or]
(3) Section 11.13(s) for a person who is 80 years of
age or older and the chief appraiser subsequently cancels the
exemption because the property owner was younger than 80 years of
age; or
(4) Section 11.13(q) or (t) and the chief appraiser
subsequently cancels the exemption because the property owner was
younger than 55 years of age when the property owner's spouse died.
SECTION 7. Section 44.004(c), Education Code, is amended to
read as follows:
(c) The notice of public meeting to discuss and adopt the
budget and the proposed tax rate may not be smaller than one-quarter
page of a standard-size or a tabloid-size newspaper, and the
headline on the notice must be in 18-point or larger type. Subject
to Subsection (d), the notice must:
(1) contain a statement in the following form:
"NOTICE OF PUBLIC MEETING TO DISCUSS BUDGET AND PROPOSED TAX RATE
"The (name of school district) will hold a public meeting at
(time, date, year) in (name of room, building, physical location,
city, state). The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the school
district's budget that will determine the tax rate that will be
adopted. Public participation in the discussion is invited." The
statement of the purpose of the meeting must be in bold type. In
reduced type, the notice must state: "The tax rate that is
ultimately adopted at this meeting or at a separate meeting at a
later date may not exceed the proposed rate shown below unless the
district publishes a revised notice containing the same information
and comparisons set out below and holds another public meeting to
discuss the revised notice." In addition, in reduced type, the
notice must state: "Visit Texas.gov/PropertyTaxes to find a link to
your local property tax database on which you can easily access
information regarding your property taxes, including information
about proposed tax rates and scheduled public hearings of each
entity that taxes your property.";
(2) contain a section entitled "Comparison of Proposed
Budget with Last Year's Budget," which must show the difference,
expressed as a percent increase or decrease, as applicable, in the
amounts budgeted for the preceding fiscal year and the amount
budgeted for the fiscal year that begins in the current tax year for
each of the following:
(A) maintenance and operations;
(B) debt service; and
(C) total expenditures;
(3) contain a section entitled "Total Appraised Value
and Total Taxable Value," which must show the total appraised value
and the total taxable value of all property and the total appraised
value and the total taxable value of new property taxable by the
district in the preceding tax year and the current tax year as
calculated under Section 26.04, Tax Code;
(4) contain a statement of the total amount of the
outstanding and unpaid bonded indebtedness of the school district;
(5) contain a section entitled "Comparison of Proposed
Rates with Last Year's Rates," which must:
(A) show in rows the tax rates described by
Subparagraphs (i)-(iii), expressed as amounts per $100 valuation of
property, for columns entitled "Maintenance & Operations,"
"Interest & Sinking Fund," and "Total," which is the sum of
"Maintenance & Operations" and "Interest & Sinking Fund":
(i) the school district's "Last Year's
Rate";
(ii) the "Rate to Maintain Same Level of
Maintenance & Operations Revenue & Pay Debt Service," which:
(a) in the case of "Maintenance &
Operations," is the tax rate that, when applied to the current
taxable value for the district, as certified by the chief appraiser
under Section 26.01, Tax Code, and as adjusted to reflect changes
made by the chief appraiser as of the time the notice is prepared,
would impose taxes in an amount that, when added to state funds to
be distributed to the district under Chapter 48, would provide the
same amount of maintenance and operations taxes and state funds
distributed under Chapter 48 per student in average daily
attendance for the applicable school year that was available to the
district in the preceding school year; and
(b) in the case of "Interest & Sinking
Fund," is the tax rate that, when applied to the current taxable
value for the district, as certified by the chief appraiser under
Section 26.01, Tax Code, and as adjusted to reflect changes made by
the chief appraiser as of the time the notice is prepared, and when
multiplied by the district's anticipated collection rate, would
impose taxes in an amount that, when added to state funds to be
distributed to the district under Chapter 46 and any excess taxes
collected to service the district's debt during the preceding tax
year but not used for that purpose during that year, would provide
the amount required to service the district's debt; and
(iii) the "Proposed Rate";
(B) contain fourth and fifth columns aligned with
the columns required by Paragraph (A) that show, for each row
required by Paragraph (A):
(i) the "Local Revenue per Student," which
is computed by multiplying the district's total taxable value of
property, as certified by the chief appraiser for the applicable
school year under Section 26.01, Tax Code, and as adjusted to
reflect changes made by the chief appraiser as of the time the
notice is prepared, by the total tax rate, and dividing the product
by the number of students in average daily attendance in the
district for the applicable school year; and
(ii) the "State Revenue per Student," which
is computed by determining the amount of state aid received or to be
received by the district under Chapters 43, 46, and 48 and dividing
that amount by the number of students in average daily attendance in
the district for the applicable school year; and
(C) contain an asterisk after each calculation
for "Interest & Sinking Fund" and a footnote to the section that, in
reduced type, states "The Interest & Sinking Fund tax revenue is
used to pay for bonded indebtedness on construction, equipment, or
both. The bonds, and the tax rate necessary to pay those bonds, were
approved by the voters of this district.";
(6) contain a section entitled "Comparison of Proposed
Levy with Last Year's Levy on Average Residence," which must:
(A) show in rows the information described by
Subparagraphs (i)-(iv), rounded to the nearest dollar, for columns
entitled "Last Year" and "This Year":
(i) "Average Market Value of Residences,"
determined using the same group of residences for each year;
(ii) "Average Taxable Value of Residences,"
determined after taking into account the limitation on the
appraised value of residences under Section 23.23, Tax Code, and
after subtracting all homestead exemptions applicable in each year,
other than exemptions available only to disabled persons, [or]
persons 65 years of age or older or their surviving spouses, or
persons 80 years of age or older or their surviving spouses, and
using the same group of residences for each year;
(iii) "Last Year's Rate Versus Proposed
Rate per $100 Value"; and
(iv) "Taxes Due on Average Residence,"
determined using the same group of residences for each year; and
(B) contain the following information: "Increase
(Decrease) in Taxes" expressed in dollars and cents, which is
computed by subtracting the "Taxes Due on Average Residence" for
the preceding tax year from the "Taxes Due on Average Residence" for
the current tax year;
(7) contain the following statement in bold print:
"Under state law, the dollar amount of school taxes imposed on the
residence of a person 65 years of age or older or of the surviving
spouse of such a person, if the surviving spouse was 55 years of age
or older when the person died, may not be increased above the amount
paid in the first year after the person turned 65, regardless of
changes in tax rate or property value.";
(8) contain the following statement in bold print:
"Notice of Voter-Approval Rate: The highest tax rate the district
can adopt before requiring voter approval at an election is (the
school district voter-approval rate determined under Section
26.08, Tax Code). This election will be automatically held if the
district adopts a rate in excess of the voter-approval rate of (the
school district voter-approval rate)."; [and]
(9) contain a section entitled "Fund Balances," which
must include the estimated amount of interest and sinking fund
balances and the estimated amount of maintenance and operation or
general fund balances remaining at the end of the current fiscal
year that are not encumbered with or by corresponding debt
obligation, less estimated funds necessary for the operation of the
district before the receipt of the first payment under Chapter 48 in
the succeeding school year; and
(10) contain the following statement in bold print:
"Under state law, the residence of a person 80 years of age or older
or of the surviving spouse of such a person, if the surviving spouse
was 55 years of age or older when the person died, is exempt from
taxes."
SECTION 8. Section 46.071, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsection (a-2) and amending Subsections (b-1) and (c-1) to
read as follows:
(a-2) Beginning with the 2024-2025 school year, in addition
to state aid a school district is entitled to under Subsection
(a-1), a school district is also entitled to additional state aid
under this subchapter to the extent that state and local revenue
used to service debt eligible under this chapter is less than the
state and local revenue that would have been available to the
district under this chapter as it existed on September 1, 2023, if
the residence homestead exemption for a person 80 years of age or
older or the person's surviving spouse under Section 1-b(v),
Article VIII, Texas Constitution, as proposed by the 88th
Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, had not been adopted.
(b-1) Subject to Subsections (c-1), (d), and (e),
additional state aid under this section beginning with the
2022-2023 school year is equal to the amount by which the loss of
local interest and sinking revenue for debt service attributable to
any increase in the residence homestead exemption under Section
1-b(c), Article VIII, Texas Constitution, as proposed by the 87th
Legislature, 3rd Called Session, 2021, and the residence homestead
exemption under Section 1-b(v), Article VIII, Texas Constitution,
as proposed by the 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, is not
offset by a gain in state aid under this chapter.
(c-1) For the purpose of determining state aid under
Subsection [Subsections] (a-1) or (a-2) [and (b-1)], local interest
and sinking revenue for debt service is limited to revenue required
to service debt eligible under this chapter as of September 1, 2021,
or as of September 1, 2023, respectively, including refunding of
the applicable [that] debt, subject to Section 46.061. The
limitation imposed by Section 46.034(a) does not apply for the
purpose of determining state aid under Subsection (a-1) or (a-2)
[this section].
SECTION 9. Section 48.2543, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsection (a-1) and amending Subsection (b) to read as
follows:
(a-1) Beginning with the 2024-2025 school year, in addition
to state aid a school district is entitled to under Subsection (a),
a school district is entitled to additional state aid to the extent
that state and local revenue under this chapter and Chapter 49 is
less than the state and local revenue that would have been available
to the district under this chapter and Chapter 49 as those chapters
existed on September 1, 2023, if the residence homestead exemption
for a person 80 years of age or older or the person's surviving
spouse under Section 1-b(v), Article VIII, Texas Constitution, as
proposed by the joint resolution to add that subsection adopted by
the 88th Legislature, Regular Session, 2023, had not been adopted.
(b) The lesser of the school district's currently adopted
maintenance and operations tax rate or the adopted maintenance and
operations tax rate for:
(1) the 2021 tax year is used for the purpose of
determining additional state aid under Subsection (a); and
(2) the 2023 tax year is used for the purpose of
determining additional state aid under Subsection (a-1).
SECTION 10. Section 403.302(d-1), Government Code, is
amended to read as follows:
(d-1) For purposes of Subsection (d), a residence homestead
that receives an exemption under Section 11.13(s) or (t), 11.131,
11.133, or 11.134, Tax Code, in the year that is the subject of the
study is not considered to be taxable property.
SECTION 11. The exemptions from ad valorem taxation of a
residence homestead authorized by Sections 11.13(s) and (t), Tax
Code, as added by this Act, apply only to taxes imposed beginning
with the 2024 tax year.
SECTION 12. This Act takes effect January 1, 2024, but only
if the constitutional amendment proposed by the 88th Legislature,
Regular Session, 2023, to exempt from ad valorem taxation the total
market value of the residence homesteads of certain elderly persons
and their surviving spouses is approved by the voters. If that
constitutional amendment is not approved by the voters, this Act
has no effect.