Bill Text: OH SB282 | 2009-2010 | 128th General Assembly | Introduced

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Bill Title: To establish conditions for the operation of certain specialized motor vehicles, including low-speed and under-speed vehicles, mopeds and scooters, cab-enclosed motorcycles, and mini-trucks.

Spectrum: Bipartisan Bill

Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2010-06-29 - To Highways & Transportation [SB282 Detail]

Download: Ohio-2009-SB282-Introduced.html

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As Introduced

128th General Assembly Regular Session 2009-2010

S. B. No. 282

Senator Seitz 

Cosponsors: Senators Stewart, Smith, Sawyer, Buehrer, Cafaro 

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A BILL

To amend sections 4501.01, 4501.13, 4503.04, 4503.21,

1

4503.22, 4503.544, 4507.11, 4511.01, 4511.53,

2

4519.01, and 4519.02 and to enact sections

3

4511.214 and 4511.215 of the Revised Code to

4

establish conditions for the operation of certain

5

specialized motor vehicles, including low-speed

6

and under-speed vehicles, mopeds and scooters,

7

cab-enclosed motorcycles, and mini-trucks.

8

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF OHIO:

Section 1. That sections 4501.01, 4501.13, 4503.04, 4503.21,	9
4503.22, 4503.544, 4507.11, 4511.01, 4511.53, 4519.01, and 4519.02	10
be amended and sections 4511.214 and 4511.215 of the Revised Code	11
be enacted to read as follows:	12

Sec. 4501.01.  As used in this chapter and Chapters 4503.,	13
4505., 4507., 4509., 4510., 4511., 4513., 4515., and 4517. of the	14
Revised Code, and in the penal laws, except as otherwise provided:	15

(A) "Vehicles" means everything on wheels or runners,	16
including motorized bicycles, but does not mean electric personal	17
assistive mobility devices, vehicles that are operated exclusively	18
on rails or tracks or from overhead electric trolley wires, and	19
vehicles that belong to any police department, municipal fire	20
department, or volunteer fire department, or that are used by such	21
a department in the discharge of its functions.	22

(B) "Motor vehicle" means any vehicle, including mobile homes	23
and recreational vehicles, that is propelled or drawn by power	24
other than muscular power or power collected from overhead	25
electric trolley wires. "Motor vehicle" does not include utility	26
under-speed vehicles as defined in division (VV)(XX) of this	27
section, mini-trucks as defined in section 4519.01 of the Revised	28
Code, motorized bicycles, road rollers, traction engines, power	29
shovels, power cranes, and other equipment used in construction	30
work and not designed for or employed in general highway	31
transportation, well-drilling machinery, ditch-digging machinery,	32
farm machinery, and trailers that are designed and used	33
exclusively to transport a boat between a place of storage and a	34
marina, or in and around a marina, when drawn or towed on a public	35
road or highway for a distance of no more than ten miles and at a	36
speed of twenty-five miles per hour or less.	37

(C) "Agricultural tractor" and "traction engine" mean any	38
self-propelling vehicle that is designed or used for drawing other	39
vehicles or wheeled machinery, but has no provisions for carrying	40
loads independently of such other vehicles, and that is used	41
principally for agricultural purposes.	42

(D) "Commercial tractor," except as defined in division (C)	43
of this section, means any motor vehicle that has motive power and	44
either is designed or used for drawing other motor vehicles, or is	45
designed or used for drawing another motor vehicle while carrying	46
a portion of the other motor vehicle or its load, or both.	47

(E) "Passenger car" means any motor vehicle that is designed	48
and used for carrying not more than nine persons and includes any	49
motor vehicle that is designed and used for carrying not more than	50
fifteen persons in a ridesharing arrangement.	51

(F) "Collector's vehicle" means any motor vehicle or	52
agricultural tractor or traction engine that is of special	53
interest, that has a fair market value of one hundred dollars or	54
more, whether operable or not, and that is owned, operated,	55
collected, preserved, restored, maintained, or used essentially as	56
a collector's item, leisure pursuit, or investment, but not as the	57
owner's principal means of transportation. "Licensed collector's	58
vehicle" means a collector's vehicle, other than an agricultural	59
tractor or traction engine, that displays current, valid license	60
tags issued under section 4503.45 of the Revised Code, or a	61
similar type of motor vehicle that displays current, valid license	62
tags issued under substantially equivalent provisions in the laws	63
of other states.	64

(G) "Historical motor vehicle" means any motor vehicle that	65
is over twenty-five years old and is owned solely as a collector's	66
item and for participation in club activities, exhibitions, tours,	67
parades, and similar uses, but that in no event is used for	68
general transportation.	69

(H) "Noncommercial motor vehicle" means any motor vehicle,	70
including a farm truck as defined in section 4503.04 of the	71
Revised Code, that is designed by the manufacturer to carry a load	72
of no more than one ton and is used exclusively for purposes other	73
than engaging in business for profit.	74

(I) "Bus" means any motor vehicle that has motor power and is	75
designed and used for carrying more than nine passengers, except	76
any motor vehicle that is designed and used for carrying not more	77
than fifteen passengers in a ridesharing arrangement.	78

(J) "Commercial car" or "truck" means any motor vehicle that	79
has motor power and is designed and used for carrying merchandise	80
or freight, or that is used as a commercial tractor.	81

(K) "Bicycle" means every device, other than a tricycle that	82
is designed solely for use as a play vehicle by a child, that is	83
propelled solely by human power upon which any person may ride,	84
and that has two tandem wheels, or one wheel in front and two	85
wheels in the rear, or two wheels in the front and one wheel in	86
the rear, any of which is more than fourteen inches in diameter.	87

(L) "Motorized bicycle" or "moped" means any vehicle that	88
either has two tandem wheels or one wheel in the front and two	89
wheels in the rear, that is capable of beingmay be pedaled, and	90
that is equipped with a helper motor of not more than fifty cubic	91
centimeters piston displacement that produces no more than one	92
brake horsepower and is capable of propelling the vehicle at a	93
speed of no greater than twenty miles per hour on a level surface.	94

(M) "Trailer" means any vehicle without motive power that is	95
designed or used for carrying property or persons wholly on its	96
own structure and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, and includes	97
any such vehicle that is formed by or operated as a combination of	98
a semitrailer and a vehicle of the dolly type such as that	99
commonly known as a trailer dolly, a vehicle used to transport	100
agricultural produce or agricultural production materials between	101
a local place of storage or supply and the farm when drawn or	102
towed on a public road or highway at a speed greater than	103
twenty-five miles per hour, and a vehicle that is designed and	104
used exclusively to transport a boat between a place of storage	105
and a marina, or in and around a marina, when drawn or towed on a	106
public road or highway for a distance of more than ten miles or at	107
a speed of more than twenty-five miles per hour. "Trailer" does	108
not include a manufactured home or travel trailer.	109

(N) "Noncommercial trailer" means any trailer, except a	110
travel trailer or trailer that is used to transport a boat as	111
described in division (B) of this section, but, where applicable,	112
includes a vehicle that is used to transport a boat as described	113
in division (M) of this section, that has a gross weight of no	114
more than three thousand pounds, and that is used exclusively for	115
purposes other than engaging in business for a profit.	116

(O) "Mobile home" means a building unit or assembly of closed	117
construction that is fabricated in an off-site facility, is more	118
than thirty-five body feet in length or, when erected on site, is	119
three hundred twenty or more square feet, is built on a permanent	120
chassis, is transportable in one or more sections, and does not	121
qualify as a manufactured home as defined in division (C)(4) of	122
section 3781.06 of the Revised Code or as an industrialized unit	123
as defined in division (C)(3) of section 3781.06 of the Revised	124
Code.	125

(P) "Semitrailer" means any vehicle of the trailer type that	126
does not have motive power and is so designed or used with another	127
and separate motor vehicle that in operation a part of its own	128
weight or that of its load, or both, rests upon and is carried by	129
the other vehicle furnishing the motive power for propelling	130
itself and the vehicle referred to in this division, and includes,	131
for the purpose only of registration and taxation under those	132
chapters, any vehicle of the dolly type, such as a trailer dolly,	133
that is designed or used for the conversion of a semitrailer into	134
a trailer.	135

(Q) "Recreational vehicle" means a vehicular portable	136
structure that meets all of the following conditions:	137

(1) It is designed for the sole purpose of recreational	138
travel.	139

(2) It is not used for the purpose of engaging in business	140
for profit.	141

(3) It is not used for the purpose of engaging in intrastate	142
commerce.	143

(4) It is not used for the purpose of commerce as defined in	144
49 C.F.R. 383.5, as amended.	145

(5) It is not regulated by the public utilities commission	146
pursuant to Chapter 4919., 4921., or 4923. of the Revised Code.	147

(6) It is classed as one of the following:

148

(a) "Travel trailer" or "house vehicle" means a	149
nonself-propelled recreational vehicle that does not exceed an	150
overall length of thirty-five feet, exclusive of bumper and tongue	151
or coupling, and contains less than three hundred twenty square	152
feet of space when erected on site. "Travel trailer" includes a	153
tent-type fold-out camping trailer as defined in section 4517.01	154
of the Revised Code.	155

(b) "Motor home" means a self-propelled recreational vehicle	156
that has no fifth wheel and is constructed with permanently	157
installed facilities for cold storage, cooking and consuming of	158
food, and for sleeping.	159

(c) "Truck camper" means a nonself-propelled recreational	160
vehicle that does not have wheels for road use and is designed to	161
be placed upon and attached to a motor vehicle. "Truck camper"	162
does not include truck covers that consist of walls and a roof,	163
but do not have floors and facilities enabling them to be used as	164
a dwelling.	165

(d) "Fifth wheel trailer" means a vehicle that is of such	166
size and weight as to be movable without a special highway permit,	167
that has a gross trailer area of four hundred square feet or less,	168
that is constructed with a raised forward section that allows a	169
bi-level floor plan, and that is designed to be towed by a vehicle	170
equipped with a fifth-wheel hitch ordinarily installed in the bed	171
of a truck.	172

(e) "Park trailer" means a vehicle that is commonly known as	173
a park model recreational vehicle, meets the American national	174
standard institute standard A119.5 (1988) for park trailers, is	175
built on a single chassis, has a gross trailer area of four	176
hundred square feet or less when set up, is designed for seasonal	177
or temporary living quarters, and may be connected to utilities	178
necessary for the operation of installed features and appliances.	179

(R) "Pneumatic tires" means tires of rubber and fabric or	180
tires of similar material, that are inflated with air.	181

(S) "Solid tires" means tires of rubber or similar elastic	182
material that are not dependent upon confined air for support of	183
the load.	184

(T) "Solid tire vehicle" means any vehicle that is equipped	185
with two or more solid tires.	186

(U) "Farm machinery" means all machines and tools that are	187
used in the production, harvesting, and care of farm products, and	188
includes trailers that are used to transport agricultural produce	189
or agricultural production materials between a local place of	190
storage or supply and the farm, agricultural tractors, threshing	191
machinery, hay-baling machinery, corn shellers, hammermills, and	192
machinery used in the production of horticultural, agricultural,	193
and vegetable products.	194

(V) "Owner" includes any person or firm, other than a	195
manufacturer or dealer, that has title to a motor vehicle, except	196
that, in sections 4505.01 to 4505.19 of the Revised Code, "owner"	197
includes in addition manufacturers and dealers.	198

(W) "Manufacturer" and "dealer" include all persons and firms	199
that are regularly engaged in the business of manufacturing,	200
selling, displaying, offering for sale, or dealing in motor	201
vehicles, at an established place of business that is used	202
exclusively for the purpose of manufacturing, selling, displaying,	203
offering for sale, or dealing in motor vehicles. A place of	204
business that is used for manufacturing, selling, displaying,	205
offering for sale, or dealing in motor vehicles shall be deemed to	206
be used exclusively for those purposes even though snowmobiles or	207
all-purpose vehicles are sold or displayed for sale thereat, even	208
though farm machinery is sold or displayed for sale thereat, or	209
even though repair, accessory, gasoline and oil, storage, parts,	210
service, or paint departments are maintained thereat, or, in any	211
county having a population of less than seventy-five thousand at	212
the last federal census, even though a department in a place of	213
business is used to dismantle, salvage, or rebuild motor vehicles	214
by means of used parts, if such departments are operated for the	215
purpose of furthering and assisting in the business of	216
manufacturing, selling, displaying, offering for sale, or dealing	217
in motor vehicles. Places of business or departments in a place of	218
business used to dismantle, salvage, or rebuild motor vehicles by	219
means of using used parts are not considered as being maintained	220
for the purpose of assisting or furthering the manufacturing,	221
selling, displaying, and offering for sale or dealing in motor	222
vehicles.	223

(X) "Operator" includes any person who drives or operates a	224
motor vehicle upon the public highways.	225

(Y) "Chauffeur" means any operator who operates a motor	226
vehicle, other than a taxicab, as an employee for hire; or any	227
operator whether or not the owner of a motor vehicle, other than a	228
taxicab, who operates such vehicle for transporting, for gain,	229
compensation, or profit, either persons or property owned by	230
another. Any operator of a motor vehicle who is voluntarily	231
involved in a ridesharing arrangement is not considered an	232
employee for hire or operating such vehicle for gain,	233
compensation, or profit.	234

(Z) "State" includes the territories and federal districts of	235
the United States, and the provinces of Canada.	236

(AA) "Public roads and highways" for vehicles includes all	237
public thoroughfares, bridges, and culverts.	238

(BB) "Manufacturer's number" means the manufacturer's	239
original serial number that is affixed to or imprinted upon the	240
chassis or other part of the motor vehicle.	241

(CC) "Motor number" means the manufacturer's original number	242
that is affixed to or imprinted upon the engine or motor of the	243
vehicle.	244

(DD) "Distributor" means any person who is authorized by a	245
motor vehicle manufacturer to distribute new motor vehicles to	246
licensed motor vehicle dealers at an established place of business	247
that is used exclusively for the purpose of distributing new motor	248
vehicles to licensed motor vehicle dealers, except when the	249
distributor also is a new motor vehicle dealer, in which case the	250
distributor may distribute at the location of the distributor's	251
licensed dealership.	252

(EE) "Ridesharing arrangement" means the transportation of	253
persons in a motor vehicle where the transportation is incidental	254
to another purpose of a volunteer driver and includes ridesharing	255
arrangements known as carpools, vanpools, and buspools.	256

(FF) "Apportionable vehicle" means any vehicle that is used	257
or intended for use in two or more international registration plan	258
member jurisdictions that allocate or proportionally register	259
vehicles, that is used for the transportation of persons for hire	260
or designed, used, or maintained primarily for the transportation	261
of property, and that meets any of the following qualifications:	262

(1) Is a power unit having a gross vehicle weight in excess	263
of twenty-six thousand pounds;	264

(2) Is a power unit having three or more axles, regardless of	265
the gross vehicle weight;	266

(3) Is a combination vehicle with a gross vehicle weight in	267
excess of twenty-six thousand pounds.	268

"Apportionable vehicle" does not include recreational	269
vehicles, vehicles displaying restricted plates, city pick-up and	270
delivery vehicles, buses used for the transportation of chartered	271
parties, or vehicles owned and operated by the United States, this	272
state, or any political subdivisions thereof.	273

(GG) "Chartered party" means a group of persons who contract	274
as a group to acquire the exclusive use of a passenger-carrying	275
motor vehicle at a fixed charge for the vehicle in accordance with	276
the carrier's tariff, lawfully on file with the United States	277
department of transportation, for the purpose of group travel to a	278
specified destination or for a particular itinerary, either agreed	279
upon in advance or modified by the chartered group after having	280
left the place of origin.	281

(HH) "International registration plan" means a reciprocal	282
agreement of member jurisdictions that is endorsed by the American	283
association of motor vehicle administrators, and that promotes and	284
encourages the fullest possible use of the highway system by	285
authorizing apportioned registration of fleets of vehicles and	286
recognizing registration of vehicles apportioned in member	287
jurisdictions.	288

(II) "Restricted plate" means a license plate that has a	289
restriction of time, geographic area, mileage, or commodity, and	290
includes license plates issued to farm trucks under division (J)	291
of section 4503.04 of the Revised Code.	292

(JJ) "Gross vehicle weight," with regard to any commercial	293
car, trailer, semitrailer, or bus that is taxed at the rates	294
established under section 4503.042 or 4503.65 of the Revised Code,	295
means the unladen weight of the vehicle fully equipped plus the	296
maximum weight of the load to be carried on the vehicle.	297

(KK) "Combined gross vehicle weight" with regard to any	298
combination of a commercial car, trailer, and semitrailer, that is	299
taxed at the rates established under section 4503.042 or 4503.65	300
of the Revised Code, means the total unladen weight of the	301
combination of vehicles fully equipped plus the maximum weight of	302
the load to be carried on that combination of vehicles.	303

(LL) "Chauffeured limousine" means a motor vehicle that is	304
designed to carry nine or fewer passengers and is operated for	305
hire on an hourly basis pursuant to a prearranged contract for the	306
transportation of passengers on public roads and highways along a	307
route under the control of the person hiring the vehicle and not	308
over a defined and regular route. "Prearranged contract" means an	309
agreement, made in advance of boarding, to provide transportation	310
from a specific location in a chauffeured limousine at a fixed	311
rate per hour or trip. "Chauffeured limousine" does not include	312
any vehicle that is used exclusively in the business of funeral	313
directing.	314

(MM) "Manufactured home" has the same meaning as in division	315
(C)(4) of section 3781.06 of the Revised Code.	316

(NN) "Acquired situs," with respect to a manufactured home or	317
a mobile home, means to become located in this state by the	318
placement of the home on real property, but does not include the	319
placement of a manufactured home or a mobile home in the inventory	320
of a new motor vehicle dealer or the inventory of a manufacturer,	321
remanufacturer, or distributor of manufactured or mobile homes.	322

(OO) "Electronic" includes electrical, digital, magnetic,	323
optical, electromagnetic, or any other form of technology that	324
entails capabilities similar to these technologies.	325

(PP) "Electronic record" means a record generated,	326
communicated, received, or stored by electronic means for use in	327
an information system or for transmission from one information	328
system to another.	329

(QQ) "Electronic signature" means a signature in electronic	330
form attached to or logically associated with an electronic	331
record.	332

(RR) "Financial transaction device" has the same meaning as	333
in division (A) of section 113.40 of the Revised Code.	334

(SS) "Electronic motor vehicle dealer" means a motor vehicle	335
dealer licensed under Chapter 4517. of the Revised Code whom the	336
registrar of motor vehicles determines meets the criteria	337
designated in section 4503.035 of the Revised Code for electronic	338
motor vehicle dealers and designates as an electronic motor	339
vehicle dealer under that section.	340

(TT) "Electric personal assistive mobility device" means a	341
self-balancing two non-tandem wheeled device that is designed to	342
transport only one person, has an electric propulsion system of an	343
average of seven hundred fifty watts, and when ridden on a paved	344
level surface by an operator who weighs one hundred seventy pounds	345
has a maximum speed of less than twenty miles per hour.	346

(UU) "Limited driving privileges" means the privilege to	347
operate a motor vehicle that a court grants under section 4510.021	348
of the Revised Code to a person whose driver's or commercial	349
driver's license or permit or nonresident operating privilege has	350
been suspended.	351

(VV) "Utility vehicle" means a self-propelled under-speed	352
motor vehicle designed with a bed, principally for the purpose of	353
transporting material or cargo in connection with construction,	354
agricultural, forestry, grounds maintenance, lawn and garden,	355
materials handling, or similar activities. "Utility vehicle"	356
includes a vehicle with a maximum attainable speed of twenty miles	357
per hour or less that is used exclusively within the boundaries of	358
state parks by state park employees or volunteers for the	359
operation or maintenance of state park facilities.	360

(WW) "Low-speed vehicle" means a three- or four-wheeled motor	361
vehicle with an attainable speed in one mile on a paved level	362
surface of more than twenty miles per hour but not more than	363
twenty-five miles per hour and with a gross vehicle weight rating	364
less than three thousand pounds.	365

(XX) "Under-speed vehicle" means a three- or four-wheeled	366
vehicle, including a utility vehicle and a vehicle commonly known	367
as a golf cart, with an attainable speed on a paved level surface	368
of not more than twenty miles per hour and with a gross vehicle	369
weight rating less than three thousand pounds.	370

(YY) "Motor-driven cycle or motor scooter" means any vehicle	371
designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with	372
the ground, with a seat for the driver and floor pad for the	373
driver's feet, and is equipped with a motor with a piston	374
displacement between fifty and one hundred fifty cubic centimeters	375
piston displacement that produces not more than five brake	376
horsepower and is capable of propelling the vehicle at a speed	377
greater than twenty miles per hour on a level surface.	378

(ZZ) "Motorcycle" means a motor vehicle with motive power	379
having a seat or saddle for the use of the operator, designed to	380
travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground,	381
and having no occupant compartment top or occupant compartment top	382
that can be installed or removed by the user.	383

(AAA) "Cab-enclosed motorcycle" means a motor vehicle with	384
motive power having a seat or saddle for the use of the operator,	385
designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with	386
the ground, and having an occupant compartment top or an occupant	387
compartment top that can be installed or removed by the user.	388

Sec. 4501.13.  Six dollars of each registration fee	389
designated for payment to the registrar of motor vehicles in	390
division (A)(2)(1)(b) of section 4503.04 of the Revised Code shall	391
be deposited in the motorcycle safety and education fund, which is	392
hereby created in the state treasury and, unless otherwise	393
provided by law, shall be used solely to pay part or all of the	394
costs of conducting the motorcycle safety and education program	395
created by section 4508.08 of the Revised Code.	396

Sec. 4503.04.  Except as provided in sections 4503.042 and	397
4503.65 of the Revised Code for the registration of commercial	398
cars, trailers, semitrailers, and certain buses, the rates of the	399
taxes imposed by section 4503.02 of the Revised Code shall be as	400
follows:	401

(A)(1) For motor vehicles having three wheels or less, the	402
license tax is:	403

(1)(a) For each motorized bicycle or moped, ten dollars;

404

(2)(b) For each motorcycle, cab-enclosed motorcycle,	405
motor-driven cycle, or motor scooter, fourteen dollars.	406

(2) For each low-speed and under-speed vehicle, ten dollars.

407

(B) For each passenger car, twenty dollars;

408

(C) For each manufactured home, each mobile home, and each	409
travel trailer or house vehicle, ten dollars;	410

(D) For each noncommercial motor vehicle designed by the	411
manufacturer to carry a load of no more than three-quarters of one	412
ton and for each motor home, thirty-five dollars; for each	413
noncommercial motor vehicle designed by the manufacturer to carry	414
a load of more than three-quarters of one ton, but not more than	415
one ton, seventy dollars;	416

(E) For each noncommercial trailer, the license tax is:

417

(1) Eighty-five cents for each one hundred pounds or part	418
thereof for the first two thousand pounds or part thereof of	419
weight of vehicle fully equipped;	420

(2) One dollar and forty cents for each one hundred pounds or	421
part thereof in excess of two thousand pounds up to and including	422
three thousand pounds.	423

(F) Notwithstanding its weight, twelve dollars for any:

424

(1) Vehicle equipped, owned, and used by a charitable or	425
nonprofit corporation exclusively for the purpose of administering	426
chest x-rays or receiving blood donations;	427

(2) Van used principally for the transportation of	428
handicapped persons that has been modified by being equipped with	429
adaptive equipment to facilitate the movement of such persons into	430
and out of the van;	431

(3) Bus used principally for the transportation of	432
handicapped persons or persons sixty-five years of age or older;.	433

(G) Notwithstanding its weight, twenty dollars for any bus	434
used principally for the transportation of persons in a	435
ridesharing arrangement.	436

(H) For each transit bus having motor power the license tax	437
is twelve dollars.	438

"Transit bus" means either a motor vehicle having a seating	439
capacity of more than seven persons which is operated and used by	440
any person in the rendition of a public mass transportation	441
service primarily in a municipal corporation or municipal	442
corporations and provided at least seventy-five per cent of the	443
annual mileage of such service and use is within such municipal	444
corporation or municipal corporations or a motor vehicle having a	445
seating capacity of more than seven persons which is operated	446
solely for the transportation of persons associated with a	447
charitable or nonprofit corporation, but does not mean any motor	448
vehicle having a seating capacity of more than seven persons when	449
such vehicle is used in a ridesharing capacity or any bus	450
described by division (F)(3) of this section.	451

The application for registration of such transit bus shall be	452
accompanied by an affidavit prescribed by the registrar of motor	453
vehicles and signed by the person or an agent of the firm or	454
corporation operating such bus stating that the bus has a seating	455
capacity of more than seven persons, and that it is either to be	456
operated and used in the rendition of a public mass transportation	457
service and that at least seventy-five per cent of the annual	458
mileage of such operation and use shall be within one or more	459
municipal corporations or that it is to be operated solely for the	460
transportation of persons associated with a charitable or	461
nonprofit corporation.	462

The form of the license plate, and the manner of its	463
attachment to the vehicle, shall be prescribed by the registrar of	464
motor vehicles.	465

(I) TheExcept as otherwise provided in division (A) or (J)	466
of this section, the minimum tax for any vehicle having motor	467
power other than a farm truck, a motorized bicycle, or motorcycle	468
is ten dollars and eighty cents, and for each noncommercial	469
trailer, five dollars.	470

(J)(1) Except as otherwise provided in division (J) of this	471
section, for each farm truck, except a noncommercial motor	472
vehicle, that is owned, controlled, or operated by one or more	473
farmers exclusively in farm use as defined in this section, and	474
not for commercial purposes, and provided that at least	475
seventy-five per cent of such farm use is by or for the one or	476
more owners, controllers, or operators of the farm in the	477
operation of which a farm truck is used, the license tax is five	478
dollars plus:	479

(a) Fifty cents per one hundred pounds or part thereof for	480
the first three thousand pounds;	481

(b) Seventy cents per one hundred pounds or part thereof in	482
excess of three thousand pounds up to and including four thousand	483
pounds;	484

(c) Ninety cents per one hundred pounds or part thereof in	485
excess of four thousand pounds up to and including six thousand	486
pounds;	487

(d) Two dollars for each one hundred pounds or part thereof	488
in excess of six thousand pounds up to and including ten thousand	489
pounds;	490

(e) Two dollars and twenty-five cents for each one hundred	491
pounds or part thereof in excess of ten thousand pounds;	492

(f) The minimum license tax for any farm truck shall be	493
twelve dollars.	494

(2) The owner of a farm truck may register the truck for a	495
period of one-half year by paying one-half the registration tax	496
imposed on the truck under this chapter and one-half the amount of	497
any tax imposed on the truck under Chapter 4504. of the Revised	498
Code.	499

(3) A farm bus may be registered for a period of ninety days	500
from the date of issue of the license plates for the bus, for a	501
fee of ten dollars, provided such license plates shall not be	502
issued for more than any two ninety-day periods in any calendar	503
year. Such use does not include the operation of trucks by	504
commercial processors of agricultural products.	505

(4) License plates for farm trucks and for farm buses shall	506
have some distinguishing marks, letters, colors, or other	507
characteristics to be determined by the director of public safety.	508

(5) Every person registering a farm truck or bus under this	509
section shall furnish an affidavit certifying that the truck or	510
bus licensed to that person is to be so used as to meet the	511
requirements necessary for the farm truck or farm bus	512
classification.	513

Any farmer may use a truck owned by the farmer for commercial	514
purposes by paying the difference between the commercial truck	515
registration fee and the farm truck registration fee for the	516
remaining part of the registration period for which the truck is	517
registered. Such remainder shall be calculated from the beginning	518
of the semiannual period in which application for such commercial	519
license is made.	520

Taxes at the rates provided in this section are in lieu of	521
all taxes on or with respect to the ownership of such motor	522
vehicles, except as provided in section 4503.042 and section	523
4503.06 of the Revised Code.	524

(K) Other than trucks registered under the international	525
registration plan in another jurisdiction and for which this state	526
has received an apportioned registration fee, the license tax for	527
each truck which is owned, controlled, or operated by a	528
nonresident, and licensed in another state, and which is used	529
exclusively for the transportation of nonprocessed agricultural	530
products intrastate, from the place of production to the place of	531
processing, is twenty-four dollars.	532

"Truck," as used in this division, means any pickup truck,	533
straight truck, semitrailer, or trailer other than a travel	534
trailer. Nonprocessed agricultural products, as used in this	535
division, does not include livestock or grain.	536

A license issued under this division shall be issued for a	537
period of one hundred thirty days in the same manner in which all	538
other licenses are issued under this section, provided that no	539
truck shall be so licensed for more than one	540
one-hundred-thirty-day period during any calendar year.	541

The license issued pursuant to this division shall consist of	542
a windshield decal to be designed by the director of public	543
safety.	544

Every person registering a truck under this division shall	545
furnish an affidavit certifying that the truck licensed to the	546
person is to be used exclusively for the purposes specified in	547
this division.	548

(L) Every person registering a motor vehicle as a	549
noncommercial motor vehicle as defined in section 4501.01 of the	550
Revised Code, or registering a trailer as a noncommercial trailer	551
as defined in that section, shall furnish an affidavit certifying	552
that the motor vehicle or trailer so licensed to the person is to	553
be so used as to meet the requirements necessary for the	554
noncommercial vehicle classification.	555

(M) Every person registering a van or bus as provided in	556
divisions (F)(2) and (3) of this section shall furnish a notarized	557
statement certifying that the van or bus licensed to the person is	558
to be used for the purposes specified in those divisions. The form	559
of the license plate issued for such motor vehicles shall be	560
prescribed by the registrar.	561

(N) Every person registering as a passenger car a motor	562
vehicle designed and used for carrying more than nine but not more	563
than fifteen passengers, and every person registering a bus as	564
provided in division (G) of this section, shall furnish an	565
affidavit certifying that the vehicle so licensed to the person is	566
to be used in a ridesharing arrangement and that the person will	567
have in effect whenever the vehicle is used in a ridesharing	568
arrangement a policy of liability insurance with respect to the	569
motor vehicle in amounts and coverages no less than those required	570
by section 4509.79 of the Revised Code. The form of the license	571
plate issued for such a motor vehicle shall be prescribed by the	572
registrar.	573

(O) Commencing on October 1, 2009, if an application for	574
registration renewal is not applied for prior to the expiration	575
date of the registration or within seven days after that date, the	576
registrar or deputy registrar shall collect a fee of twenty	577
dollars for the issuance of the vehicle registration, but may	578
waive the fee for good cause shown if the application is	579
accompanied by supporting evidence as the registrar may require.	580
The fee shall be in addition to all other fees established by this	581
section. A deputy registrar shall retain fifty cents of the fee	582
and shall transmit the remaining amount to the registrar at the	583
time and in the manner provided by section 4503.10 of the Revised	584
Code. The registrar shall deposit all moneys received under this	585
division into the state highway safety fund established in section	586
4501.06 of the Revised Code.	587

(P) As used in this section:

588

(1) "Van" means any motor vehicle having a single rear axle	589
and an enclosed body without a second seat.	590

(2) "Handicapped person" means any person who has lost the	591
use of one or both legs, or one or both arms, or is blind, deaf,	592
or so severely disabled as to be unable to move about without the	593
aid of crutches or a wheelchair.	594

(3) "Farm truck" means a truck used in the transportation	595
from the farm of products of the farm, including livestock and its	596
products, poultry and its products, floricultural and	597
horticultural products, and in the transportation to the farm of	598
supplies for the farm, including tile, fence, and every other	599
thing or commodity used in agricultural, floricultural,	600
horticultural, livestock, and poultry production and livestock,	601
poultry, and other animals and things used for breeding, feeding,	602
or other purposes connected with the operation of the farm.	603

(4) "Farm bus" means a bus used only for the transportation	604
of agricultural employees and used only in the transportation of	605
such employees as are necessary in the operation of the farm.	606

(5) "Farm supplies" includes fuel used exclusively in the	607
operation of a farm, including one or more homes located on and	608
used in the operation of one or more farms, and furniture and	609
other things used in and around such homes.	610

Sec. 4503.21.  (A) No person who is the owner or operator of	611
a motor vehicle shall fail to display in plain view on the front	612
and rear of the motor vehicle the distinctive number and	613
registration mark, including any county identification sticker and	614
any validation sticker issued under sections 4503.19 and 4503.191	615
of the Revised Code, furnished by the director of public safety,	616
except that a manufacturer of motor vehicles or dealer therein,	617
the holder of an in transit permit, and the owner or operator of a	618
motorcycle, motorized bicycle or moped, motor-driven cycle or	619
motor scooter, cab-enclosed motorcycle, manufactured home, mobile	620
home, trailer, or semitrailer shall display on the rear only. A	621
motor vehicle that is issued two license plates shall display the	622
validation sticker only on the rear license plate, except that a	623
commercial tractor that does not receive an apportioned license	624
plate under the international registration plan shall display the	625
validation sticker on the front of the commercial tractor. An	626
apportioned vehicle receiving an apportioned license plate under	627
the international registration plan shall display the license	628
plate only on the front of a commercial tractor and on the rear of	629
all other vehicles. All license plates shall be securely fastened	630
so as not to swing, and shall not be covered by any material that	631
obstructs their visibility.	632

No person to whom a temporary license placard or windshield	633
sticker has been issued for the use of a motor vehicle under	634
section 4503.182 of the Revised Code, and no operator of that	635
motor vehicle, shall fail to display the temporary license placard	636
in plain view from the rear of the vehicle either in the rear	637
window or on an external rear surface of the motor vehicle, or	638
fail to display the windshield sticker in plain view on the rear	639
window of the motor vehicle. No temporary license placard or	640
windshield sticker shall be covered by any material that obstructs	641
its visibility.	642

(B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor	643
misdemeanor.	644

Sec. 4503.22.  The identification license plate shall consist	645
of a placard upon the face of which shall appear the distinctive	646
number assigned to the motor vehicle as provided in section	647
4503.19 of the Revised Code, in Arabic numerals or letters, or	648
both. The dimensions of the numerals or letters and of each stroke	649
shall be determined by the director of public safety. The license	650
placard also shall contain the name of this state and the slogan	651
"BIRTHPLACE OF AVIATION." The placard shall be made of steel and	652
the background shall be treated with a reflective material that	653
shall provide effective and dependable reflective brightness	654
during the service period required of the placard. Specifications	655
for the reflective and other materials and the design of the	656
placard, the county identification stickers as provided by section	657
4503.19 of the Revised Code, and validation stickers as provided	658
by section 4503.191 of the Revised Code, shall be adopted by the	659
director as rules under sections 119.01 to 119.13 of the Revised	660
Code. The identification license plate of motorized bicycles or	661
mopeds, motor-driven cycles or motor scooters, cab-enclosed	662
motorcycles, and of motor vehicles of the type commonly called	663
"motorcycles" shall consist of a single placard, the size of which	664
shall be prescribed by the director. The identification plate of a	665
vehicle registered in accordance with the international	666
registration plan shall contain the word "apportioned." The	667
director may prescribe the type of placard, or means of fastening	668
the placard, or both; the placard or means of fastening may be so	669
designed and constructed as to render difficult the removal of the	670
placard after it has been fastened to a motor vehicle.	671

Sec. 4503.544.  (A) Any person who is a retired or honorably	672
discharged veteran of any branch of the armed forces of the United	673
States may apply to the registrar of motor vehicles for the	674
registration of any motorcycle, motorized bicycle or moped,	675
motor-driven cycle or motor scooter, or cab-enclosed motorcycle	676
that the person owns or leases. The application shall be	677
accompanied by written evidence that the applicant is a retired or	678
honorably discharged veteran of a branch of the armed forces of	679
the United States that the registrar shall require by rule.	680

Upon receipt of an application for registration of a	681
motorcycle under this section, presentation of satisfactory	682
evidence documenting that the applicant is a retired or honorably	683
discharged veteran of a branch of the armed forces of the United	684
States, and payment of the regular motorcycleapplicable license	685
fee prescribed in section 4503.04 of the Revised Code and any	686
local motor vehicle license tax levied under Chapter 4504. of the	687
Revised Code, the registrar shall issue to the applicant the	688
appropriate motor vehicle registration and a license plate and a	689
validation sticker or a validation sticker alone when required by	690
section 4503.191 of the Revised Code.	691

(B) License plates issued under this section shall be	692
inscribed with the letters and numbers ordinarily inscribed on	693
motorcycle license plates, except that the registrar shall provide	694
for one of the following:	695

(1) The license plates to contain an inscription or symbol	696
representing veterans of the armed forces of the United States;	697

(2) The plates to include the word "veteran" or "vet";

698

(3) The plates to be designed to display a sticker bearing	699
the word "veteran."	700

(C) Sections 4503.77 and 4503.78 of the Revised Code do not	701
apply to license plates issued under this section.	702

Sec. 4507.11.  (A) The registrar of motor vehicles shall	703
conduct all necessary examinations of applicants for temporary	704
instruction permits, drivers' licenses, or motorcycle operators'	705
endorsements. The examination shall include a test of the	706
applicant's knowledge of motor vehicle laws, including the laws on	707
stopping for school buses, a test of the applicant's physical	708
fitness to drive, and a test of the applicant's ability to	709
understand highway traffic control devices. The examination may be	710
conducted in such a manner that applicants who are illiterate or	711
limited in their knowledge of the English language may be tested	712
by methods that would indicate to the examining officer that the	713
applicant has a reasonable knowledge of motor vehicle laws and	714
understands highway traffic control devices. An applicant for a	715
driver's license shall give an actual demonstration of the ability	716
to exercise ordinary and reasonable control in the operation of a	717
motor vehicle by driving the same under the supervision of an	718
examining officer; however, no applicant for a driver's license	719
shall use a low-speed or under-speed vehicle for the purpose of	720
demonstrating ability to exercise ordinary and reasonable control	721
over a vehicle. Except as provided in division (B) of this	722
section, an applicant for a motorcycle operator's endorsement or a	723
restricted license that permits only the operation of a motorcycle	724
shall give an actual demonstration of the ability to exercise	725
ordinary and reasonable control in the operation of a motorcycle	726
by driving the same under the supervision of an examining officer;	727
however, no applicant for such an endorsement or restricted	728
license shall use a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter for the	729
purpose of demonstrating ability to exercise ordinary and	730
reasonable control in the operation of a motorcycle. Except as	731
provided in section 4507.12 of the Revised Code, the registrar	732
shall designate the highway patrol, any law enforcement body, or	733
any other employee of the department of public safety to supervise	734
and conduct examinations for temporary instruction permits,	735
drivers' licenses, and motorcycle operators' endorsements and	736
shall provide the necessary rules and forms to properly conduct	737
the examinations. The records of the examinations, together with	738
the application for a temporary instruction permit, driver's	739
license, or motorcycle operator's endorsement, shall be forwarded	740
to the registrar by the deputy registrar, and, if in the opinion	741
of the registrar the applicant is qualified to operate a motor	742
vehicle, the registrar shall issue the permit, license, or	743
endorsement.	744

The registrar may authorize the highway patrol, other	745
designated law enforcement body, or other designated employee of	746
the department of public safety to issue an examiner's driving	747
permit to an applicant who has passed the required examination,	748
authorizing that applicant to operate a motor vehicle while the	749
registrar is completing an investigation relative to that	750
applicant's qualifications to receive a temporary instruction	751
permit, driver's license, or motorcycle operator's endorsement.	752
The examiner's driving permit shall be in the immediate possession	753
of the applicant while operating a motor vehicle and shall be	754
effective until final action and notification has been given by	755
the registrar, but in no event longer than sixty days from its	756
date of issuance.	757

(B)(1) An applicant for a motorcycle operator's endorsement	758
or a restricted license that permits only the operation of a	759
motorcycle who presents to the registrar of motor vehicles or a	760
deputy registrar a form approved by the director of public safety	761
attesting to the applicant's successful completion within the	762
preceding sixty days of a course of basic instruction provided by	763
the motorcycle safety and education program approved by the	764
director pursuant to section 4508.08 of the Revised Code shall not	765
be required to give an actual demonstration of the ability to	766
operate a motorcycle by driving a motorcycle under the supervision	767
of an examining officer, as described in division (A) of this	768
section. Upon presentation of the form described in division	769
(B)(1) of this section and compliance with all other requirements	770
relating to the issuance of a motorcycle operator's endorsement or	771
a restricted license that permits only the operation of a	772
motorcycle, the registrar or deputy registrar shall issue to the	773
applicant the endorsement or restricted license, as the case may	774
be.	775

(2) A person who has not attained eighteen years of age and	776
presents an application for a motorcycle operator's endorsement or	777
a restricted license under division (B)(1) of this section also	778
shall comply with the requirements of section 4507.21 of the	779
Revised Code.	780

Sec. 4511.01.  As used in this chapter and in Chapter 4513.	781
of the Revised Code:	782

(A) "Vehicle" means every device, including a motorized	783
bicycle, in, upon, or by which any person or property may be	784
transported or drawn upon a highway, except that "vehicle" does	785
not include any motorized wheelchair, any electric personal	786
assistive mobility device, any device that is moved by power	787
collected from overhead electric trolley wires or that is used	788
exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks, or any device, other	789
than a bicycle, that is moved by human power.	790

(B) "Motor vehicle" means every vehicle propelled or drawn by	791
power other than muscular power or power collected from overhead	792
electric trolley wires, except motorized bicycles, road rollers,	793
traction engines, power shovels, power cranes, and other equipment	794
used in construction work and not designed for or employed in	795
general highway transportation, hole-digging machinery,	796
well-drilling machinery, ditch-digging machinery, farm machinery,	797
and trailers designed and used exclusively to transport a boat	798
between a place of storage and a marina, or in and around a	799
marina, when drawn or towed on a street or highway for a distance	800
of no more than ten miles and at a speed of twenty-five miles per	801
hour or less.	802

(C) "Motorcycle" means every motor vehicle, other than a	803
tractor, having a seat or saddle for the use of the operator and	804
designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with	805
the ground, including, but not limited to, motor vehicles known as	806
"motor-driven cycle," "motor scooter," "cab-enclosed motorcycle,"	807
or "motorcycle" without regard to weight or brake horsepower.	808

(D) "Emergency vehicle" means emergency vehicles of	809
municipal, township, or county departments or public utility	810
corporations when identified as such as required by law, the	811
director of public safety, or local authorities, and motor	812
vehicles when commandeered by a police officer.	813

(E) "Public safety vehicle" means any of the following:

814

(1) Ambulances, including private ambulance companies under	815
contract to a municipal corporation, township, or county, and	816
private ambulances and nontransport vehicles bearing license	817
plates issued under section 4503.49 of the Revised Code;	818

(2) Motor vehicles used by public law enforcement officers or	819
other persons sworn to enforce the criminal and traffic laws of	820
the state;	821

(3) Any motor vehicle when properly identified as required by	822
the director of public safety, when used in response to fire	823
emergency calls or to provide emergency medical service to ill or	824
injured persons, and when operated by a duly qualified person who	825
is a member of a volunteer rescue service or a volunteer fire	826
department, and who is on duty pursuant to the rules or directives	827
of that service. The state fire marshal shall be designated by the	828
director of public safety as the certifying agency for all public	829
safety vehicles described in division (E)(3) of this section.	830

(4) Vehicles used by fire departments, including motor	831
vehicles when used by volunteer fire fighters responding to	832
emergency calls in the fire department service when identified as	833
required by the director of public safety.	834

Any vehicle used to transport or provide emergency medical	835
service to an ill or injured person, when certified as a public	836
safety vehicle, shall be considered a public safety vehicle when	837
transporting an ill or injured person to a hospital regardless of	838
whether such vehicle has already passed a hospital.	839

(5) Vehicles used by the motor carrier enforcement unit for	840
the enforcement of orders and rules of the public utilities	841
commission as specified in section 5503.34 of the Revised Code.	842

(F) "School bus" means every bus designed for carrying more	843
than nine passengers that is owned by a public, private, or	844
governmental agency or institution of learning and operated for	845
the transportation of children to or from a school session or a	846
school function, or owned by a private person and operated for	847
compensation for the transportation of children to or from a	848
school session or a school function, provided "school bus" does	849
not include a bus operated by a municipally owned transportation	850
system, a mass transit company operating exclusively within the	851
territorial limits of a municipal corporation, or within such	852
limits and the territorial limits of municipal corporations	853
immediately contiguous to such municipal corporation, nor a common	854
passenger carrier certified by the public utilities commission	855
unless such bus is devoted exclusively to the transportation of	856
children to and from a school session or a school function, and	857
"school bus" does not include a van or bus used by a licensed	858
child day-care center or type A family day-care home to transport	859
children from the child day-care center or type A family day-care	860
home to a school if the van or bus does not have more than fifteen	861
children in the van or bus at any time.	862

(G) "Bicycle" means every device, other than a tricycle	863
designed solely for use as a play vehicle by a child, propelled	864
solely by human power upon which any person may ride having two	865
tandem wheels, or one wheel in the front and two wheels in the	866
rear, or two wheels in the front and one wheel in the rear, any of	867
which is more than fourteen inches in diameter.	868

(H) "Motorized bicycle" or "moped" means any vehicle having	869
either two tandem wheels or one wheel in the front and two wheels	870
in the rear, that is capable of beingmay be pedaled, and that is	871
equipped with a helper motor of not more than fifty cubic	872
centimeters piston displacement that produces no more than one	873
brake horsepower and is capable of propelling the vehicle at a	874
speed of no greater than twenty miles per hour on a level surface.	875

(I) "Commercial tractor" means every motor vehicle having	876
motive power designed or used for drawing other vehicles and not	877
so constructed as to carry any load thereon, or designed or used	878
for drawing other vehicles while carrying a portion of such other	879
vehicles, or load thereon, or both.	880

(J) "Agricultural tractor" means every self-propelling	881
vehicle designed or used for drawing other vehicles or wheeled	882
machinery but having no provision for carrying loads independently	883
of such other vehicles, and used principally for agricultural	884
purposes.	885

(K) "Truck" means every motor vehicle, except trailers and	886
semitrailers, designed and used to carry property.	887

(L) "Bus" means every motor vehicle designed for carrying	888
more than nine passengers and used for the transportation of	889
persons other than in a ridesharing arrangement, and every motor	890
vehicle, automobile for hire, or funeral car, other than a taxicab	891
or motor vehicle used in a ridesharing arrangement, designed and	892
used for the transportation of persons for compensation.	893

(M) "Trailer" means every vehicle designed or used for	894
carrying persons or property wholly on its own structure and for	895
being drawn by a motor vehicle, including any such vehicle when	896
formed by or operated as a combination of a "semitrailer" and a	897
vehicle of the dolly type, such as that commonly known as a	898
"trailer dolly," a vehicle used to transport agricultural produce	899
or agricultural production materials between a local place of	900
storage or supply and the farm when drawn or towed on a street or	901
highway at a speed greater than twenty-five miles per hour, and a	902
vehicle designed and used exclusively to transport a boat between	903
a place of storage and a marina, or in and around a marina, when	904
drawn or towed on a street or highway for a distance of more than	905
ten miles or at a speed of more than twenty-five miles per hour.	906

(N) "Semitrailer" means every vehicle designed or used for	907
carrying persons or property with another and separate motor	908
vehicle so that in operation a part of its own weight or that of	909
its load, or both, rests upon and is carried by another vehicle.	910

(O) "Pole trailer" means every trailer or semitrailer	911
attached to the towing vehicle by means of a reach, pole, or by	912
being boomed or otherwise secured to the towing vehicle, and	913
ordinarily used for transporting long or irregular shaped loads	914
such as poles, pipes, or structural members capable, generally, of	915
sustaining themselves as beams between the supporting connections.	916

(P) "Railroad" means a carrier of persons or property	917
operating upon rails placed principally on a private right-of-way.	918

(Q) "Railroad train" means a steam engine or an electric or	919
other motor, with or without cars coupled thereto, operated by a	920
railroad.	921

(R) "Streetcar" means a car, other than a railroad train, for	922
transporting persons or property, operated upon rails principally	923
within a street or highway.	924

(S) "Trackless trolley" means every car that collects its	925
power from overhead electric trolley wires and that is not	926
operated upon rails or tracks.	927

(T) "Explosives" means any chemical compound or mechanical	928
mixture that is intended for the purpose of producing an explosion	929
that contains any oxidizing and combustible units or other	930
ingredients in such proportions, quantities, or packing that an	931
ignition by fire, by friction, by concussion, by percussion, or by	932
a detonator of any part of the compound or mixture may cause such	933
a sudden generation of highly heated gases that the resultant	934
gaseous pressures are capable of producing destructive effects on	935
contiguous objects, or of destroying life or limb. Manufactured	936
articles shall not be held to be explosives when the individual	937
units contain explosives in such limited quantities, of such	938
nature, or in such packing, that it is impossible to procure a	939
simultaneous or a destructive explosion of such units, to the	940
injury of life, limb, or property by fire, by friction, by	941
concussion, by percussion, or by a detonator, such as fixed	942
ammunition for small arms, firecrackers, or safety fuse matches.	943

(U) "Flammable liquid" means any liquid that has a flash	944
point of seventy degrees fahrenheit, or less, as determined by a	945
tagliabue or equivalent closed cup test device.	946

(V) "Gross weight" means the weight of a vehicle plus the	947
weight of any load thereon.	948

(W) "Person" means every natural person, firm,	949
co-partnership, association, or corporation.	950

(X) "Pedestrian" means any natural person afoot.

951

(Y) "Driver or operator" means every person who drives or is	952
in actual physical control of a vehicle, trackless trolley, or	953
streetcar.	954

(Z) "Police officer" means every officer authorized to direct	955
or regulate traffic, or to make arrests for violations of traffic	956
regulations.	957

(AA) "Local authorities" means every county, municipal, and	958
other local board or body having authority to adopt police	959
regulations under the constitution and laws of this state.	960

(BB) "Street" or "highway" means the entire width between the	961
boundary lines of every way open to the use of the public as a	962
thoroughfare for purposes of vehicular travel.	963

(CC) "Controlled-access highway" means every street or	964
highway in respect to which owners or occupants of abutting lands	965
and other persons have no legal right of access to or from the	966
same except at such points only and in such manner as may be	967
determined by the public authority having jurisdiction over such	968
street or highway.	969

(DD) "Private road or driveway" means every way or place in	970
private ownership used for vehicular travel by the owner and those	971
having express or implied permission from the owner but not by	972
other persons.	973

(EE) "Roadway" means that portion of a highway improved,	974
designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, except the berm	975
or shoulder. If a highway includes two or more separate roadways	976
the term "roadway" means any such roadway separately but not all	977
such roadways collectively.	978

(FF) "Sidewalk" means that portion of a street between the	979
curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent	980
property lines, intended for the use of pedestrians.	981

(GG) "Laned highway" means a highway the roadway of which is	982
divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular	983
traffic.	984

(HH) "Through highway" means every street or highway as	985
provided in section 4511.65 of the Revised Code.	986

(II) "State highway" means a highway under the jurisdiction	987
of the department of transportation, outside the limits of	988
municipal corporations, provided that the authority conferred upon	989
the director of transportation in section 5511.01 of the Revised	990
Code to erect state highway route markers and signs directing	991
traffic shall not be modified by sections 4511.01 to 4511.79 and	992
4511.99 of the Revised Code.	993

(JJ) "State route" means every highway that is designated	994
with an official state route number and so marked.	995

(KK) "Intersection" means:

996

(1) The area embraced within the prolongation or connection	997
of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, then the lateral boundary	998
lines of the roadways of two highways which join one another at,	999
or approximately at, right angles, or the area within which	1000
vehicles traveling upon different highways joining at any other	1001
angle may come in conflict.	1002

(2) Where a highway includes two roadways thirty feet or more	1003
apart, then every crossing of each roadway of such divided highway	1004
by an intersecting highway shall be regarded as a separate	1005
intersection. If an intersecting highway also includes two	1006
roadways thirty feet or more apart, then every crossing of two	1007
roadways of such highways shall be regarded as a separate	1008
intersection.	1009

(3) The junction of an alley with a street or highway, or	1010
with another alley, shall not constitute an intersection.	1011

(LL) "Crosswalk" means:

1012

(1) That part of a roadway at intersections ordinarily	1013
included within the real or projected prolongation of property	1014
lines and curb lines or, in the absence of curbs, the edges of the	1015
traversable roadway;	1016

(2) Any portion of a roadway at an intersection or elsewhere,	1017
distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other	1018
markings on the surface;	1019

(3) Notwithstanding divisions (LL)(1) and (2) of this	1020
section, there shall not be a crosswalk where local authorities	1021
have placed signs indicating no crossing.	1022

(MM) "Safety zone" means the area or space officially set	1023
apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and	1024
protected or marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be	1025
plainly visible at all times.	1026

(NN) "Business district" means the territory fronting upon a	1027
street or highway, including the street or highway, between	1028
successive intersections within municipal corporations where fifty	1029
per cent or more of the frontage between such successive	1030
intersections is occupied by buildings in use for business, or	1031
within or outside municipal corporations where fifty per cent or	1032
more of the frontage for a distance of three hundred feet or more	1033
is occupied by buildings in use for business, and the character of	1034
such territory is indicated by official traffic control devices.	1035

(OO) "Residence district" means the territory, not comprising	1036
a business district, fronting on a street or highway, including	1037
the street or highway, where, for a distance of three hundred feet	1038
or more, the frontage is improved with residences or residences	1039
and buildings in use for business.	1040

(PP) "Urban district" means the territory contiguous to and	1041
including any street or highway which is built up with structures	1042
devoted to business, industry, or dwelling houses situated at	1043
intervals of less than one hundred feet for a distance of a	1044
quarter of a mile or more, and the character of such territory is	1045
indicated by official traffic control devices.	1046

(QQ) "Traffic control devices" means all flaggers, signs,	1047
signals, markings, and devices placed or erected by authority of a	1048
public body or official having jurisdiction, for the purpose of	1049
regulating, warning, or guiding traffic, including signs denoting	1050
names of streets and highways.	1051

(RR) "Traffic control signal" means any device, whether	1052
manually, electrically, or mechanically operated, by which traffic	1053
is alternately directed to stop, to proceed, to change direction,	1054
or not to change direction.	1055

(SS) "Railroad sign or signal" means any sign, signal, or	1056
device erected by authority of a public body or official or by a	1057
railroad and intended to give notice of the presence of railroad	1058
tracks or the approach of a railroad train.	1059

(TT) "Traffic" means pedestrians, ridden or herded animals,	1060
vehicles, streetcars, trackless trolleys, and other devices,	1061
either singly or together, while using any highway for purposes of	1062
travel.	1063

(UU) "Right-of-way" means either of the following, as the	1064
context requires:	1065

(1) The right of a vehicle, streetcar, trackless trolley, or	1066
pedestrian to proceed uninterruptedly in a lawful manner in the	1067
direction in which it or the individual is moving in preference to	1068
another vehicle, streetcar, trackless trolley, or pedestrian	1069
approaching from a different direction into its or the	1070
individual's path;	1071

(2) A general term denoting land, property, or the interest	1072
therein, usually in the configuration of a strip, acquired for or	1073
devoted to transportation purposes. When used in this context,	1074
right-of-way includes the roadway, shoulders or berm, ditch, and	1075
slopes extending to the right-of-way limits under the control of	1076
the state or local authority.	1077

(VV) "Rural mail delivery vehicle" means every vehicle used	1078
to deliver United States mail on a rural mail delivery route.	1079

(WW) "Funeral escort vehicle" means any motor vehicle,	1080
including a funeral hearse, while used to facilitate the movement	1081
of a funeral procession.	1082

(XX) "Alley" means a street or highway intended to provide	1083
access to the rear or side of lots or buildings in urban districts	1084
and not intended for the purpose of through vehicular traffic, and	1085
includes any street or highway that has been declared an "alley"	1086
by the legislative authority of the municipal corporation in which	1087
such street or highway is located.	1088

(YY) "Freeway" means a divided multi-lane highway for through	1089
traffic with all crossroads separated in grade and with full	1090
control of access.	1091

(ZZ) "Expressway" means a divided arterial highway for	1092
through traffic with full or partial control of access with an	1093
excess of fifty per cent of all crossroads separated in grade.	1094

(AAA) "Thruway" means a through highway whose entire roadway	1095
is reserved for through traffic and on which roadway parking is	1096
prohibited.	1097

(BBB) "Stop intersection" means any intersection at one or	1098
more entrances of which stop signs are erected.	1099

(CCC) "Arterial street" means any United States or state	1100
numbered route, controlled access highway, or other major radial	1101
or circumferential street or highway designated by local	1102
authorities within their respective jurisdictions as part of a	1103
major arterial system of streets or highways.	1104

(DDD) "Ridesharing arrangement" means the transportation of	1105
persons in a motor vehicle where such transportation is incidental	1106
to another purpose of a volunteer driver and includes ridesharing	1107
arrangements known as carpools, vanpools, and buspools.	1108

(EEE) "Motorized wheelchair" means any self-propelled vehicle	1109
designed for, and used by, a handicapped person and that is	1110
incapable of a speed in excess of eight miles per hour.	1111

(FFF) "Child day-care center" and "type A family day-care	1112
home" have the same meanings as in section 5104.01 of the Revised	1113
Code.	1114

(GGG) "Multi-wheel agricultural tractor" means a type of	1115
agricultural tractor that has two or more wheels or tires on each	1116
side of one axle at the rear of the tractor, is designed or used	1117
for drawing other vehicles or wheeled machinery, has no provision	1118
for carrying loads independently of the drawn vehicles or	1119
machinery, and is used principally for agricultural purposes.	1120

(HHH) "Operate" means to cause or have caused movement of a	1121
vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley.	1122

(III) "Predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense" means any	1123
of the following:	1124

(1) A violation of section 4511.03, 4511.051, 4511.12,	1125
4511.132, 4511.16, 4511.20, 4511.201, 4511.21, 4511.211, 4511.213,	1126
4511.214, 4511.22, 4511.23, 4511.25, 4511.26, 4511.27, 4511.28,	1127
4511.29, 4511.30, 4511.31, 4511.32, 4511.33, 4511.34, 4511.35,	1128
4511.36, 4511.37, 4511.38, 4511.39, 4511.40, 4511.41, 4511.42,	1129
4511.43, 4511.431, 4511.432, 4511.44, 4511.441, 4511.451,	1130
4511.452, 4511.46, 4511.47, 4511.48, 4511.481, 4511.49, 4511.50,	1131
4511.511, 4511.53, 4511.54, 4511.55, 4511.56, 4511.57, 4511.58,	1132
4511.59, 4511.60, 4511.61, 4511.64, 4511.66, 4511.661, 4511.68,	1133
4511.70, 4511.701, 4511.71, 4511.711, 4511.712, 4511.713, 4511.72,	1134
4511.73, 4511.763, 4511.771, 4511.78, or 4511.84 of the Revised	1135
Code;	1136

(2) A violation of division (A)(2) of section 4511.17,	1137
divisions (A) to (D) of section 4511.51, or division (A) of	1138
section 4511.74 of the Revised Code;	1139

(3) A violation of any provision of sections 4511.01 to	1140
4511.76 of the Revised Code for which no penalty otherwise is	1141
provided in the section that contains the provision violated;	1142

(4) A violation of a municipal ordinance that is	1143
substantially similar to any section or provision set forth or	1144
described in division (III)(1), (2), or (3) of this section.	1145

(JJJ) "Road service vehicle" means wreckers, utility repair	1146
vehicles, and state, county, and municipal service vehicles	1147
equipped with visual signals by means of flashing, rotating, or	1148
oscillating lights.	1149

Sec. 4511.214.  (A)(1) No person shall operate a low-speed	1150
vehicle or moped upon any street or highway having an established	1151
speed limit greater than thirty-five miles per hour.	1152

(2) No person shall operate an under-speed vehicle upon any	1153
street or highway except as follows:	1154

(a) Upon a street or highway having an established speed	1155
limit not greater than thirty-five miles per hour and only upon	1156
such streets or highways where a local authority has granted	1157
permission for such operation in accordance with section 4511.215	1158
of the Revised Code;	1159

(b) A state park employee or volunteer operating a utility	1160
vehicle exclusively within the boundaries of state parks for the	1161
operation or maintenance of state park facilities.	1162

(3) No person shall operate a motor-driven cycle or motor	1163
scooter upon any street or highway having an established speed	1164
limit greater than forty-five miles per hour.	1165

(B) This section does not prohibit either of the following:

1166

(1) A person operating a low-speed vehicle, under-speed	1167
vehicle, or moped from proceeding across an intersection of a	1168
street or highway having a speed limit greater than thirty-five	1169
miles per hour;	1170

(2) A person operating a motor-driven cycle or motor scooter	1171
from proceeding across an intersection of a street or highway	1172
having a speed limit greater than forty-five miles per hour.	1173

(C) Nothing in this section shall prevent a local authority	1174
from adopting more stringent local ordinances governing the	1175
operation of a low-speed vehicle, a moped, or a motor-driven cycle	1176
or motor scooter.	1177

(D) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever	1178
violates division (A) of this section is guilty of a minor	1179
misdemeanor. If within one year of the offense, the offender	1180
previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one	1181
predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates this	1182
section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree. If within	1183
one year of the offense, the offender previously has been	1184
convicted of two or more predicate motor vehicle or traffic	1185
offenses, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor	1186
of the third degree.	1187

Sec. 4511.215.  (A) A local authority may authorize the	1188
operation of under-speed vehicles on a public street or highway	1189
under its jurisdiction. A local authority that authorizes the	1190
operation of under-speed vehicles shall do all of the following:	1191

(1) Limit the operation of those vehicles to streets and	1192
highways having an established speed limit not greater than	1193
thirty-five miles per hour;	1194

(2) Require the vehicle owner who wishes to operate an	1195
under-speed vehicle on the public streets or highways to submit	1196
the vehicle to an inspection conducted by a local law enforcement	1197
agency that complies with inspection requirements established by	1198
the department of public safety under section 4513.02 of the	1199
Revised Code;	1200

(3) Permit the operation on public streets or highways of	1201
only such vehicles that successfully pass the required vehicle	1202
inspection, are registered in accordance with Chapter 4503. of the	1203
Revised Code, and are titled in accordance with Chapter 4505. of	1204
the Revised Code;	1205

(4) Notify the director of public safety, in a manner the	1206
director determines, of the authorization for the operation of	1207
under-speed vehicles.	1208

(B) A local authority may establish additional requirements	1209
for the operation of under-speed vehicles on its streets and	1210
highways.	1211

Sec. 4511.53.  (A) For purposes of this section, "snowmobile"	1212
has the same meaning as given that term in section 4519.01 of the	1213
Revised Code.	1214

(B) No person operating a bicycle shall ride other than upon	1215
or astride the permanent and regular seat attached thereto or	1216
carry any other person upon such bicycle other than upon a firmly	1217
attached and regular seat thereon, and no person shall ride upon a	1218
bicycle other than upon such a firmly attached and regular seat.	1219

No person operating a motorcycle shall ride other than upon	1220
or astride the permanent and regular seat or saddle attached	1221
thereto, or carry any other person upon such motorcycle other than	1222
upon a firmly attached and regular seat or saddle thereon, and no	1223
person shall ride upon a motorcycle other than upon such a firmly	1224
attached and regular seat or saddle.	1225

No person shall ride upon a motorcycle that is equipped with	1226
a saddle other than while sitting astride the saddle, facing	1227
forward, with one leg on each side of the motorcycle.	1228

No person shall ride upon a motorcycle that is equipped with	1229
a seat other than while sitting upon the seat.	1230

No person operating a bicycle shall carry any package,	1231
bundle, or article that prevents the driver from keeping at least	1232
one hand upon the handle bars.	1233

No bicycle or motorcycle shall be used to carry more persons	1234
at one time than the number for which it is designed and equipped,	1235
nor shall any motorcycle be operated on a highway when the handle	1236
bars or grips are more than fifteen inches higher than the seat or	1237
saddle for the operator.	1238

No(C)(1) Except as provided in division (C)(2) of this	1239
section, no person shall operate or be a passenger on a snowmobile	1240
or motorcycle without using safety glasses or other protective eye	1241
device. No; no person who is under the age of eighteen years, or	1242
who holds a motorcycle operator's endorsement or license bearing a	1243
"novice" designation that is currently in effect as provided in	1244
section 4507.13 of the Revised Code, shall operate a motorcycle on	1245
a highway, or be a passenger on a motorcycle, unless wearing a	1246
protective helmet on the person's head, and no other person shall	1247
be a passenger on a motorcycle operated by such a person unless	1248
similarly wearing a protective helmet. The helmet, safety glasses,	1249
or other protective eye device shall conform with regulations	1250
prescribed and promulgated by the director of public safety. The	1251
provisions of this paragraph or a violation thereof shall not be	1252
used in the trial of any civil action.	1253

(C)(2) Division (C)(1) of this section does not apply to a	1254
person operating a cab-enclosed motorcycle when the occupant	1255
compartment top is in place enclosing the occupants.	1256

(D) Nothing in this section shall be construed as prohibiting	1257
the carrying of a child in a seat or trailer that is designed for	1258
carrying children and is firmly attached to the bicycle.	1259

(D)(E) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever	1260
violates division (B) or (C)(1) of this section is guilty of a	1261
minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the	1262
offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one	1263
predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates	1264
division (B) or (C)(1) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor	1265
of the fourth degree. If, within one year of the offense, the	1266
offender previously has been convicted of two or more predicate	1267
motor vehicle or traffic offenses, whoever violates division (B)	1268
or (C)(1) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the third	1269
degree.	1270

Sec. 4519.01.  As used in this chapter:

1271

(A) "Snowmobile" means any self-propelled vehicle designed	1272
primarily for use on snow or ice, and steered by skis, runners, or	1273
caterpillar treads.	1274

(B) "All-purpose vehicle" means any self-propelled vehicle	1275
designed primarily for cross-country travel on land and water, or	1276
on more than one type of terrain, and steered by wheels or	1277
caterpillar treads, or any combination thereof, including vehicles	1278
that operate on a cushion of air, vehicles commonly known as	1279
all-terrain vehicles, all-season vehicles, mini-bikes, and trail	1280
bikes. "All-purpose vehicle" does not include a utility vehicle as	1281
defined in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code or any vehicle	1282
principally used in playing golf, any motor vehicle or aircraft	1283
required to be registered under Chapter 4503. or 4561. of the	1284
Revised Code, and any vehicle excepted from definition as a motor	1285
vehicle by division (B) of section 4501.01 of the Revised Code.	1286

(C) "Owner" means any person or firm, other than a lienholder	1287
or dealer, having title to a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle,	1288
or all-purpose vehicle, or other right to the possession thereof.	1289

(D) "Operator" means any person who operates or is in actual	1290
physical control of a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or	1291
all-purpose vehicle.	1292

(E) "Dealer" means any person or firm engaged in the business	1293
of manufacturing or selling snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles,	1294
or all-purpose vehicles at wholesale or retail, or who rents,	1295
leases, or otherwise furnishes snowmobiles, off-highway	1296
motorcycles, or all-purpose vehicles for hire.	1297

(F) "Street or highway" has the same meaning as in section	1298
4511.01 of the Revised Code.	1299

(G) "Limited access highway" and "freeway" have the same	1300
meanings as in section 5511.02 of the Revised Code.	1301

(H) "Interstate highway" means any part of the interstate	1302
system of highways as defined in subsection (e), 90 Stat. 431	1303
(1976), 23 U.S.C.A. 103, as amended.	1304

(I) "Off-highway motorcycle" means every motorcycle, as	1305
defined in section 4511.01 of the Revised Code, that is designed	1306
to be operated primarily on lands other than a street or highway.	1307

(J) "Electronic" and "electronic record" have the same	1308
meanings as in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code.	1309

(K) "Electronic dealer" means a dealer whom the registrar of	1310
motor vehicles designates under section 4519.511 of the Revised	1311
Code.	1312

(L) "Mini-truck" means a vehicle that has four wheels, is	1313
propelled by an electric motor with a rated power of seven	1314
thousand five hundred watts or less or an internal combustion	1315
engine with a piston displacement capacity of six hundred sixty	1316
cubic centimeters or less, has a total dry weight of nine hundred	1317
to two thousand two hundred pounds, contains an enclosed cabin and	1318
a seat for the vehicle operator, resembles a pickup truck or van	1319
with a cargo area or bed located at the rear of the vehicle, and	1320
was not originally manufactured to meet federal motor vehicle	1321
safety standards.	1322

Sec. 4519.02.  (A) Except as provided in divisions (B), (C),	1323
and (D) of this section, no person shall operate any snowmobile,	1324
off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle within this state	1325
unless the snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose	1326
vehicle is registered and numbered in accordance with sections	1327
4519.03 and 4519.04 of the Revised Code.	1328

(B)(1) No registration is required for a snowmobile or	1329
off-highway motorcycle that is operated exclusively upon lands	1330
owned by the owner of the snowmobile or off-highway motorcycle, or	1331
on lands to which the owner of the snowmobile or off-highway	1332
motorcycle has a contractual right.	1333

(2) No registration is required for an all-purpose vehicle or	1334
mini-truck that is used primarily for agricultural purposes when	1335
the owner qualifies for the current agricultural use valuation tax	1336
credit, unless it is to be used on any public land, trail, or	1337
right-of-way.	1338

(3) Any all-purpose vehicle or mini-truck exempted from	1339
registration under division (B)(2) of this section and operated	1340
for agricultural purposes may use public roads and rights-of-way	1341
when traveling from one farm field to another, when such use does	1342
not violate section 4519.41 of the Revised Code.	1343

(C) No registration is required for a snowmobile, off-highway	1344
motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle owned and used in this state by	1345
a resident of another state whenever that state has in effect a	1346
registration law similar to this chapter and the snowmobile,	1347
off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle is properly	1348
registered under that state's law. Any snowmobile, off-highway	1349
motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle owned and used in this state by	1350
a resident of a state not having a registration law similar to	1351
this chapter shall comply with section 4519.09 of the Revised	1352
Code.	1353

(D) No registration is required for a snowmobile, off-highway	1354
motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle owned and used in this state by	1355
the United States, another state, or a political subdivision	1356
thereof, but the snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or	1357
all-purpose vehicle shall display the name of the owner thereon.	1358

(E) The owner or operator of any all-purpose vehicle operated	1359
or used upon the waters in this state shall comply with Chapters	1360
1547. and 1548. of the Revised Code relative to the operation of	1361
watercraft.	1362

(F) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever	1363
violates division (A) of this section shall be fined not less than	1364
fifty dollars but not more than one hundred dollars.	1365

Section 2.  That existing sections 4501.01, 4501.13, 4503.04,	1366
4503.21, 4503.22, 4503.544, 4507.11, 4511.01, 4511.53, 4519.01,	1367
and 4519.02 of the Revised Code are hereby repealed.	1368

Section 3.  Section 4507.11 of the Revised Code is presented	1369
in this act as a composite of the section as amended by both Am.	1370
Sub. H.B. 600 and S.B. 271 of the 123rd General Assembly. The	1371
General Assembly, applying the principle stated in division (B) of	1372
section 1.52 of the Revised Code that amendments are to be	1373
harmonized if reasonably capable of simultaneous operation, finds	1374
that the composite is the resulting version of the section in	1375
effect prior to the effective date of the section as presented in	1376
this act.	1377