Bill Text: NY S07873 | 2009-2010 | General Assembly | Introduced
Bill Title: Provides for evidentiary treatment of informant testimony; requires that an informant's testimony be corroborated, jury instructions given regarding reliability and disclosure by the prosecutor prior to acceptance of a plea bargain by the defendant.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2010-06-10 - ADVANCED TO THIRD READING [S07873 Detail]
Download: New_York-2009-S07873-Introduced.html
S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K ________________________________________________________________________ 7873 I N S E N A T E May 19, 2010 ___________ Introduced by Sen. DUANE -- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Codes AN ACT to amend the criminal procedure law, in relation to informant testimony THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM- BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS: 1 Section 1. The criminal procedure law is amended by adding a new 2 section 60.77 to read as follows: 3 S 60.77 RULES OF EVIDENCE: TESTIMONY OF AN INFORMANT WHO IS NOT AN 4 ACCOMPLICE. 5 1. DEFINITION. AS USED IN THIS SECTION, AN "INFORMANT" IS A PERSON WHO 6 IS NOT AN ACCOMPLICE AND WHO AGREES TO PROVIDE TESTIMONY OR EVIDENCE ON 7 AN UNDERSTANDING THAT HE OR SHE WILL RECEIVE A FAVORABLE DISPOSITION OR 8 RESOLUTION OF PENDING OR POSSIBLE CRIMINAL CHARGES, FINANCIAL BENEFIT 9 NOT ASSOCIATED WITH USUAL WITNESS APPEARANCE, OR OTHER SUBSTANTIAL BENE- 10 FIT FOR HIMSELF OR HERSELF OR ANOTHER PERSON. 11 2. THE TESTIMONY OF AN INFORMANT AGAINST THE DEFENDANT MAY BE ADMITTED 12 INTO EVIDENCE ONLY IF THE PROSECUTION PRESENTS EVIDENCE INDEPENDENT OF 13 THE INFORMANT'S TESTIMONY THAT TENDS TO CONNECT THE DEFENDANT TO THE 14 COMMISSION OF THE OFFENSE. 15 3. (A) UNLESS EARLIER DISCLOSURE IS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY LAW, AT A 16 REASONABLE TIME PRIOR TO TRIAL OR ENTRY OF A GUILTY PLEA, THE PROSE- 17 CUTION SHALL DISCLOSE TO THE COURT AND THE DEFENSE THE EVIDENCE IT 18 CLAIMS TO BE CORROBORATIVE OF THE INFORMANT'S INFORMATION TENDING TO 19 CONNECT THE DEFENDANT WITH THE OFFENSE. AT A REASONABLE TIME PRIOR TO 20 TRIAL THE COURT SHALL DETERMINE WHETHER, WITHOUT THE INFORMANT'S TESTI- 21 MONY, THE PROSECUTOR'S PROPOSED EVIDENCE TENDS TO CONNECT THE DEFENDANT 22 TO THE OFFENSE. IF THE COURT FINDS THAT THE PROPOSED INDEPENDENT 23 EVIDENCE TENDS TO CONNECT THE DEFENDANT TO THE OFFENSE, THE INFORMANT 24 SHALL BE PERMITTED TO GIVE TESTIMONY AT A TRIAL. IF THE PROSECUTION 25 FAILS TO MAKE THE REQUIRED SHOWING, THE INFORMANT WILL NOT BE PERMITTED 26 TO TESTIFY CONCERNING THE DEFENDANT'S ROLE IN THE OFFENSE. 27 (B) AT A REASONABLE TIME PRIOR TO TRIAL OR ENTRY OF A GUILTY PLEA, THE 28 PROSECUTOR SHALL INFORM THE DEFENSE OF ANY PROMISE, BENEFIT, OR FAVORA- EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [ ] is old law to be omitted. LBD17111-01-0 S. 7873 2 1 BLE DISPOSITION GIVEN TO THE INFORMANT OR SOMEONE ELSE AT THE 2 INFORMANT'S REQUEST AND DELIVER TO THE DEFENSE ANY DOCUMENT, ELECTRONIC 3 RECORD, NOTES OR OTHER RECORD OF THE PROMISE; THE CIRCUMSTANCES IN WHICH 4 THE INFORMANT REVEALED THE INFORMATION; WHETHER THE INFORMANT AT ANY 5 TIME RETRACTED THE INFORMATION AND THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF SUCH RETRACTION; 6 THE INFORMANT'S RECORD OF CRIMINAL CONVICTIONS AND PRIOR CRIMINAL 7 CONDUCT; OTHER MATTERS IN WHICH THE INFORMANT HAS GIVEN AID TO OR TESTI- 8 FIED FOR THE PROSECUTION; AND SUCH OTHER INFORMATION AS THE DEFENSE 9 REQUESTS AND THE COURT DEEMS APPROPRIATE UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES. 10 (C) UPON MOTION OF THE PROSECUTOR AND ON A SHOWING THAT DISCLOSURE OF 11 THE INFORMANT'S IDENTITY WOULD ENDANGER THE INFORMANT, THAT THE 12 INFORMANT'S SERVICES TO THE STATE WOULD BE UNDERMINED, OR FOR OTHER 13 REASON FOUND COMPELLING BY THE COURT, THE IDENTITY OF THE INFORMANT MAY 14 BE REDACTED AND REMAIN UNDISCLOSED TO THE DEFENSE UNTIL SUCH TIME AS THE 15 COURT DEEMS APPROPRIATE OR REQUIRED BY LAW. 16 4. BEFORE THE DEFENDANT ENTERS A GUILTY PLEA THE COURT SHALL ADVISE 17 THE DEFENDANT THAT AT A TRIAL THE INFORMANT COULD BE CROSS-EXAMINED 18 CONCERNING CREDIBILITY AND RELIABILITY AND THAT BY PLEADING GUILTY TO 19 RESOLVE THE CASE, HE OR SHE WAIVES THE RIGHT TO CROSS-EXAMINE THE INFOR- 20 MANT. 21 5. (A) IF THE INFORMANT'S TESTIMONY OR EVIDENCE IS ADMITTED AT TRIAL, 22 THE COURT SHALL INSTRUCT THE JURY THAT IT SHOULD REVIEW THE RELIABILITY 23 AND CREDIBILITY OF THE INFORMANT'S TESTIMONY WITH CAUTION, SCRUTINY, AND 24 CARE, THAT THE JURY IS TO CONSIDER WHETHER THE TESTIMONY WAS INFLUENCED 25 BY ANY PROMISE OR BENEFIT TO THE INFORMANT OR SOMEONE AT HIS OR HER 26 REQUEST, AND SUCH OTHER FACTORS AS THE COURT CONSIDERS APPROPRIATE IN 27 THE CIRCUMSTANCES. 28 (B) IF THE INFORMANT'S TESTIMONY OR EVIDENCE IS ADMITTED AT TRIAL, THE 29 COURT SHALL INSTRUCT THE JURY THAT UNLESS IT FINDS THAT CREDIBLE 30 EVIDENCE INDEPENDENT OF THAT OF THE INFORMANT'S TENDS TO CONNECT THE 31 DEFENDANT TO THE OFFENSE, IT CANNOT CONSIDER THE TESTIMONY OF THE INFOR- 32 MANT IN MAKING ITS DECISION. 33 S 2. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall 34 have become a law and shall apply to any criminal proceeding commenced 35 on or after such date.