Bill Text: HI HB1539 | 2024 | Regular Session | Amended
Bill Title: Relating To Transportation.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 3-0)
Status: (Engrossed - Dead) 2024-04-18 - Received notice of appointment of House conferees (Hse. Com. No. 760). [HB1539 Detail]
Download: Hawaii-2024-HB1539-Amended.html
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HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
H.B. NO. |
1539 |
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THIRTY-SECOND LEGISLATURE, 2024 |
H.D. 1 |
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STATE OF HAWAII |
S.D. 1 |
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A BILL FOR AN ACT
RELATING TO TRANSPORTATION.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF HAWAII:
SECTION 1. The legislature finds that traffic fatalities and injuries in Hawaii have increased, with a record high of one hundred seventeen traffic fatalities and five hundred seventy serious traffic-related injuries in 2022. In the first six months of 2023, Hawaii had forty-three traffic fatalities, with two deaths occurring immediately outside of public schools. The legislature recognizes that these tragic events demonstrate the need for greater safeguards and deterrents to improve safety on Hawaii's streets and better protect Hawaii's residents.
The legislature further recognizes that the increase in traffic violations committed by repeat offenders, including driving without a license and speeding, is jeopardizing the safety and welfare of Hawaii residents. The legislature finds that increased fines for these repeat offenders are necessary to both deter repeat violations of Hawaii's traffic laws and hold these individuals accountable for their actions.
The legislature further finds that repeated violations of the State's minimum motor vehicle insurance policy requirements have increased, burdening innocent victims of motor vehicle accidents with the cost of accidents caused by repeat offenders. Motor vehicle insurance minimums have remained unamended for nearly twenty-five years, making the required liability insurance minimums insufficient to protect Hawaii residents from repeat offenders.
The legislature also finds that with rising inflation, failure to increase motor vehicle insurance policy requirements will operate as a financial burden imposed on tort victims throughout Hawaii. The legislature notes that the State is experiencing medical inflation, which has substantially increased the average cost of motor vehicle accident-related injuries since the required motor vehicle insurance minimums were last amended. The legislature also notes that Hawaii's outdated liability insurance minimum requirements disproportionately impact residents injured in motor vehicle accidents, and are no longer sufficient to protect law-abiding drivers and pedestrians. The legislature believes that it is necessary to mitigate these impacts on Hawaii residents through legislation to increase certain traffic fines and required motor vehicle insurance minimums.
The
legislature further finds that many residents throughout the State, especially
those in high-density areas, have complained about growing noise pollution and
disturbances from low restriction mufflers on motor vehicles. While existing law prohibits vehicle owners
from installing mufflers that increase the noise of their vehicle, the
penalties are minimal and do little to deter violations. The legislature believes that enhancing the
existing noisy exhaust pipe and muffler laws is necessary to reduce noise
levels throughout the State.
Accordingly, the purpose of this Act is to:
(1) Amend the penalties for repeated traffic violations;
(2) Amend the penalties for repeated reckless driving violations;
(3) Amend the penalties for repeated violations of excessive speeding;
(4) Increase fines for driving without motor vehicle liability insurance;
(5) Increase motor vehicle insurance minimums to protect residents from repeat offenders;
(6) Establish a separate prohibition on driving motor vehicles having noisy mufflers on public highways in high-density areas;
(7) Establish tiered fines for violations of motor scooter muffler regulations; and
(8) Establish tiered fines for violations of motor vehicle muffler regulations.
SECTION 2. Chapter 291, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended by adding two new sections to be appropriately designated and to read as follows:
"§291- Unauthorized use of vehicle immobilization
devices; penalty. (a) Any person who places any device upon a vehicle designed to immobilize
the vehicle without consent of the owner of the vehicle shall be fined not
more than $ .
§291- Motor vehicle muffler; high-density areas. (a) No person shall use on a public highway
in a high-density area a muffler that
noticeably increases the noise emitted by a motor vehicle above that emitted by
the vehicle as equipped by the factory.
(b) Any violation of this section shall
constitute a violation and shall be enforceable by police officers. Any person who violates the provisions of
this section may be issued a summons or citation for the violation. Violation of any of the provisions of this
section shall subject the violator to the following penalties:
(1) For a first
conviction, the person shall be fined not more than
$ ;
(2) For a second
conviction committed within five years of any other conviction under this
section, the person shall be fined not more than
$ ; and
(3) For a
conviction of a third or subsequent offense committed within five years of any
other conviction under this section, the person shall be fined not more than
$ .
(c) As used in this section, "high-density
area" means a county having a population of five hundred thousand or more."
SECTION 3. Section 286-136, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
"(b) Any person who is convicted of violating
section 286‑102, 286-122, 286-130, 286-131, 286-132, 286-133, or
286-134 shall be subject to a minimum fine of [$500] $ and a maximum fine of [$1,000,]
$ , or
imprisoned [no] not less than days nor
more than one year, or both, if the person has two or more prior convictions
for the same offense in the preceding five-year period."
SECTION 4. Section 291-2, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
"§291-2 Reckless driving of a
vehicle or riding of [animals;] an animal; penalty. [Whoever] (a) Any person who operates any vehicle or rides any
animal recklessly in disregard of the safety of persons or property [is]
shall be guilty of reckless driving of a vehicle or reckless
riding of an animal, as appropriate, and shall be fined
not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than thirty days, or both.
(b) Any person who is convicted of violating subsection (a) shall be subject to a minimum fine of $ and a maximum fine of $ , or imprisoned not less than days nor more than year, or both, if the person has two or more prior convictions for the same offense in the preceding five-year period."
SECTION 5. Section 291-23, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
"§291-23 Penalty.
[Whoever is convicted of violating any of the provisions of section
291-22 shall be fined not more than $100.] (a) Violation of any of the provisions of section
291-22 shall subject the violator to the following penalties:
(1) For a first
conviction, the person shall be fined not more than
$ ;
(2) For a second
conviction committed within five years of any other conviction under this
section, the person shall be fined not more than
$ ; and
(3) For a
conviction of a third or subsequent offense committed within five years of any
other conviction under this section, the person shall be fined not more than
$ ."
SECTION 6. Section 291-24.5, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
"[[]§291-24.5[]]
Motor vehicle muffler.
(a) [No] Except as
otherwise provided in section 291- , no person shall use on a
public highway, sell, alter, or install a muffler [which] that will
noticeably increase the noise emitted by a motor vehicle above that emitted by the
vehicle as equipped from the factory.
(b)
Any violation of this section shall constitute a violation and shall be
enforceable by police officers. [The
fine for this violation shall be not less than $25 nor more than $250 for each
separate offense.] Violation of this section shall subject the violator
to the following penalties:
(1) For a first
conviction, the person shall be fined not more than
$ ;
(2) For a second
conviction committed within three years of any other conviction under this section,
the person shall be fined not more than
$ ; and
(3) For a
conviction of a third or subsequent offense committed within five years of any
other conviction under this section, the person shall be fined not more than $ .
Any person who violates the provisions of this section may be
issued a summons or citation for [such] the
violation."
SECTION 7. Section 291C-105, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
"(c) Any person who violates this section shall be guilty of a petty misdemeanor and shall be sentenced as follows without the possibility of probation or suspension of sentence:
(1) For a first offense not preceded by a prior conviction for an offense under this section in the preceding five years:
(A) A fine of not less than $500 and not more than $1,000;
(B) Thirty-day prompt suspension of license and privilege to operate a vehicle during the suspension period, or the court may impose, in lieu of the thirty-day prompt suspension of license, a minimum fifteen-day prompt suspension of license with absolute prohibition from operating a vehicle and, for the remainder of the thirty-day period, a restriction on the license that allows the person to drive for limited work‑related purposes;
(C) Attendance in a course of instruction in driver retraining;
(D) A surcharge of $25 to be deposited into the neurotrauma special fund;
(E) May
be charged a surcharge of up to $100 to be deposited into the trauma system
special fund if the court so orders;
(F) An assessment for driver education pursuant to section 286G-3; and
(G) Either one of the following:
(i) Thirty-six hours of community service work; or
(ii) Not less than forty-eight hours and not more than five days of imprisonment;
(2) For an offense that occurs within five years of a prior conviction for an offense under this section, by:
(A) A fine of not less
than [$750] $
and not more than [$1,000;] $ ;
(B) Prompt suspension of license and privilege to operate a vehicle for a period of thirty days with an absolute prohibition from operating a vehicle during the suspension period;
(C) Attendance in a course of instruction in driver retraining;
(D) A surcharge of $25 to be deposited into the neurotrauma special fund;
(E) May
be charged a surcharge of up to [$100] $ to be deposited into the trauma
system special fund if the court so orders;
(F) An assessment for driver education pursuant to section 286G-3; and
(G) Either one of the following:
(i) Not less than one hundred twenty hours of community service work; or
(ii) Not less than five days but not more than fourteen days of imprisonment of which at least forty-eight hours shall be served consecutively; and
(3) For an offense that occurs within five years of two prior convictions for offenses under this section, by:
(A) A fine of [$1,000;]
$ ;
(B) Revocation of license and privilege to operate a vehicle for a period of not less than ninety days but not more than one year;
(C) Attendance in a course of instruction in driver retraining;
(D) No fewer than [ten]
days but no more than [thirty]
days of imprisonment of which at least forty-eight hours shall be served consecutively;
(E) A surcharge of $25 to be deposited into the neurotrauma special fund;
(F) May
be charged a surcharge of up to [$100] $ to be deposited into the trauma
system special fund if the court so orders; and
(G) An assessment for driver education pursuant to section 286G-3."
SECTION 8. Section 431:10C-117, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
"(a)(1) Any person subject to this article in the capacity of the operator, owner, or registrant of a motor vehicle operated in this State, or registered in this State, who violates any applicable provision of this article, shall be subject to citation for the violation by any county police department in a form and manner approved by the traffic and emergency period violations bureau of the district court of the first circuit;
(2) Notwithstanding any provision of the Hawaii Penal Code:
(A) Each violation
shall be deemed a separate offense and shall be subject to a fine of no less
than [$100] $
nor more than [$5,000] $ ,
which shall not be suspended except as provided in subparagraph (B); and
(B) If the person is
convicted of not having had a motor vehicle insurance policy in effect at the
time the citation was issued, the fine shall be [$500] $
for the first offense and a minimum of [$1,500] $
for each subsequent offense that occurs within a five-year period from any
prior offense; provided that the court:
(i) Shall have the
discretion to suspend all or any portion of the fine if the defendant provides
proof of having a current motor vehicle insurance policy; provided further that
upon the defendant's request, the court may grant community service in lieu of
the fine, of no less than seventy-five hours and no more than one hundred hours
for the first offense, and no less than [two]
hundred hours nor more than [two hundred seventy-five]
hours for the second offense; and
(ii) May grant community service in lieu of the fine for subsequent offenses at the court's discretion;
(3) In addition to the fine in paragraph (2), the court shall either:
(A) Suspend the driver's license of the driver or of the registered owner for:
(i) Three months for the first conviction; and
(ii) One year for any subsequent offense within a five-year period from a previous offense;
provided that the driver or the registered owner shall not be required to obtain proof of financial responsibility pursuant to section 287‑20; or
(B) Require the driver or the registered owner to keep a nonrefundable motor vehicle insurance policy in force for six months;
(4) Any person subject to a fine under this section and who fails to timely pay the fine shall be given an opportunity to petition the court to demonstrate that the person's nonpayment or inability to pay is not wilful; provided that if the person petitions the court, the court shall make an individualized assessment of the person's ability to pay based upon the totality of the circumstances, including the person's disposable income, financial obligations, and liquid assets; provided further that if the court determines that the person's nonpayment or inability to pay is not wilful, the court may enter an order that allows additional time for payment; reduces the amount of each installment; revokes the fee or fine, or unpaid portion thereof, in whole or in part; or converts any outstanding fine to community service;
(5) Any person cited under this section shall have an opportunity to present a good faith defense, including lack of knowledge or proof of insurance; provided that the general penalty provision of this section shall not apply to:
(A) Any operator of a motor vehicle owned by another person if the operator's own insurance covers such driving;
(B) Any operator of a motor vehicle owned by that person's employer during the normal scope of that person's employment; or
(C) Any operator of a borrowed motor vehicle if the operator holds a reasonable belief that the subject vehicle is insured;
(6) In the case of multiple convictions for driving without a valid motor vehicle insurance policy within a five-year period from any prior offense, the court, in addition to any other penalty, shall impose the following penalties:
(A) Imprisonment of no more than thirty days;
(B) Suspension or revocation of the motor vehicle registration plates of the vehicle involved;
(C) Impoundment, or impoundment and sale, of the motor vehicle for the costs of storage and other charges incident to seizure of the vehicle, or any other cost involved pursuant to section 431:10C-301; or
(D) Any combination of those penalties; and
(7) Any violation as provided in paragraph (2)(B) shall not be deemed to be a traffic infraction as defined by chapter 291D."
SECTION 9. Section 431:10C-301, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
"(b) [A] Each motor vehicle
insurance policy shall include:
(1) If issued before January 1, 2027:
[(1)]
(A) Liability
coverage of not less than [$20,000] $
per person, with an aggregate limit of [$40,000] $
per accident, for all damages arising out of accidental harm sustained as a
result of any one accident and arising out of ownership, maintenance, use,
loading, or unloading of a motor vehicle; and
[(2)]
(B) Liability coverage of
not less than [$10,000] $
for all damages arising out of damage to or destruction of property including
motor vehicles and including the loss of use thereof, but not including
property owned by, being transported by, or in the charge of the insured, as a
result of any one accident arising out of ownership, maintenance, use, loading,
or unloading, of the insured vehicle;
(2) If issued on or
after January 1, 2027:
(A) Liability coverage of not less than
$ per person, with
an aggregate limit of
$ per accident, for
all damages arising out of accidental harm sustained as a result of any one
accident and arising out of ownership, maintenance, use, loading, or unloading
of a motor vehicle; and
(B) Liability
coverage of not less than
$ for all damages
arising out of damage to or destruction of property including motor vehicles
and including the loss of use thereof, but not including property owned by,
being transported by, or in the charge of the insured, as a result of any one
accident arising out of ownership, maintenance, use, loading, or unloading, of
the insured vehicle;
(3) With respect to
any motor vehicle registered or principally garaged in this State, liability
coverage provided therein or supplemental thereto, in limits for bodily injury
or death set forth in [paragraph (1),] paragraph (1)(A) or (2)(A), as
applicable, under provisions filed with and approved by the commissioner,
for the protection of persons insured thereunder who are legally entitled to
recover damages from owners or operators of uninsured motor vehicles because of
bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death, resulting therefrom;
provided that the coverage required under this paragraph shall not be
applicable where any named insured in the policy shall reject the coverage in
writing; and
(4) Coverage for loss resulting from bodily injury or death suffered by any person legally entitled to recover damages from owners or operators of underinsured motor vehicles. An insurer may offer the underinsured motorist coverage required by this paragraph in the same manner as uninsured motorist coverage; provided that the offer of both shall:
(A) Be conspicuously displayed so as to be readily noticeable by the insured;
(B) Set forth the premium for the coverage adjacent to the offer in a manner that the premium is clearly identifiable with the offer and may be easily subtracted from the total premium to determine the premium payment due in the event the insured elects not to purchase the option; and
(C) Provide for written rejection of the coverage by requiring the insured to affix the insured's signature in a location adjacent to or directly below the offer."
SECTION 10. This Act does not affect rights and duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were begun before its effective date.
SECTION 11. Statutory material to be repealed is bracketed and stricken. New statutory material is underscored.
SECTION 12. This Act shall take effect on July 1, 3000.
Report Title:
Transportation; Motor Vehicles; Traffic Laws; Penalties; Insurance Minimums; Noisy Mufflers; Fines
Description:
Increases fines for violations of certain traffic laws and required motor vehicle insurance minimums. Establishes minimum and maximum sentences for persons convicted of violations of certain traffic laws. Amends the minimum liability coverage thresholds to unspecified amounts. Establishes a separate prohibition on driving motor vehicles having noisy mufflers on public highways in high-density areas. Establishes separate fines for violations of motor scooter and motor vehicle muffler regulations. Defines "high-density areas". Establishes fines for placing any device upon a vehicle designed to immobilize the vehicle without consent of the owner of the vehicle. Effective 7/1/3000. (SD1)
The summary description
of legislation appearing on this page is for informational purposes only and is
not legislation or evidence of legislative intent.
