Bill Text: WV HB2716 | 2022 | Regular Session | Introduced
Bill Title: West Virginia Public Participation Protection Act
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Republican 1-0)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2022-01-12 - To House Judiciary [HB2716 Detail]
Download: West_Virginia-2022-HB2716-Introduced.html
WEST virginia legislature
2021 regular session
Introduced
House Bill 2716
By Delegate Espinosa
[Introduced February 23, 2021; Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary]
A BILL to amend the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, by adding thereto a new article, designated §55-18-1, §55-18-2, §55-18-3, §55-18-4, §55-18-5 and §55-18-6, all relating to creating the West Virginia Public Participation Protection Act; permitting motions to dismiss suits that are based on an alleged right of petition, free speech, or association under the United States Constitution or the Constitution of West Virginia in connection with a public issue; providing exceptions to which this procedure is applicable; providing for hearings on such motions; authorizing award of attorney fees; providing limitations and exclusions to the scope of the proceeding; and establishing an effective date for proceedings subject to this act.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:
ARTICLE 18. THE WEST VIRGINIA PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROTECTION ACT.
§55-18-1. Short title.
This article shall be known and may be cited as the West Virginia Public Participation Protection Act.
§55-18-2. Time for Filing Special Motion to Dismiss; Discovery.
(a) A party may file a special motion to dismiss a claim or a suit under this article if the claim or a suit is based on, or in response to, an act of the party in furtherance of the right of petition, free speech, or association under the United States Constitution or the Constitution of West Virginia in connection with a public issue, which includes:
(1) The right of free speech by communicating, or conduct furthering communication, in a public forum on a matter of public concern related to (A) health or safety; (B) environmental, economic, or community well-being; (C) the government; (D) a public official or public figure; or (E) a good, product, or service in the marketplace;
(2) The right to petition the government through (A) a communication in connection with an issue under consideration or review by a legislative, executive, administrative, judicial, or other official body; (B) a communication that is reasonably likely to encourage consideration or review of an issue by a legislative, executive, administrative, judicial, or other official body; or (C) a communication that is reasonably likely to enlist public participation in an effort to effect consideration of an issue by a legislative, executive, administrative, judicial, or other official body; or
(3) The right of association, meaning a communication between individuals who join together to collectively express, promote, pursue, or defend common interests.
(b) A special motion to dismiss under this section must be filed not later than the 60th day after the date of service of the legal action. The court may extend the time to file a motion under this section for good cause.
(c) All discovery in the proceeding shall be stayed upon the filing of a special motion to dismiss under this section. The stay of discovery shall remain in effect until the entry of the order ruling on the motion and any interlocutory appeal thereof. Notwithstanding the stay imposed by this section, the court, on motion by a party or the court’s own motion and for good cause shown, may order specified and limited discovery relevant to the motion.
§55-18-3. Expedited Hearing on Special Motion to Dismiss; Determination; Appeal.
(a) The court shall conduct an expedited hearing on the motion. A hearing on the motion shall be held not later than 30 days after service of the motion, or 30 days of ordering discovery, unless docket conditions of the court require a later hearing, upon a showing of good cause, or by agreement of the parties.
(b) Consideration of the Special Motion to Dismiss.
(1) If the moving party makes an initial showing by a preponderance of the evidence that the legal action is based on, or is in response to, that party’s exercise of the right to free speech, right to petition, or right of association as defined in §55-18-2(a) of this code, the court shall grant the motion to dismiss unless the party bringing the action states with particularity the circumstances giving rise to the claim and shows by a preponderance of the evidence a probability of prevailing on the merits.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision (b)(1) of this section, the court shall grant the motion to dismiss if the moving party establishes each element of a valid defense to the claim.
(3) In its determination, the court shall consider pleadings and supporting and opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based.
(4) The court shall rule on a special motion to dismiss as soon as possible, but no later than 30 days after hearing the motion. If the court does not rule on a motion to dismiss within this period, the motion is considered to have been denied by operation of law.
(c) An order granting or denying a special motion to dismiss shall be appealable under Rule 72 of the West Virginia Rules of Civil Procedure.
§55-18-4. Recovery of Attorneys’ Fees and Costs; Sanctions.
(a) If the court orders dismissal of a legal action under this article, the court shall award to the moving party costs and reasonable attorney’s fees, including those incurred on the motion.
(b) If the court finds that a special motion to dismiss is frivolous and solely intended to cause unnecessary delay, the court shall award costs and reasonable attorney’s fees to the party opposing the motion.
§55-18-5. Exclusions and limitations.
The provisions of this article do not:
(1) Apply to an enforcement action that is brought in the name of this state or a political subdivision of this state by the attorney general or a county prosecuting attorney;
(2) Result in findings or determinations that are admissible into evidence at any later stage of the case or in any subsequent action;
(3) Affect or limit the authority of a court to award sanctions, costs, attorneys’ fees or any other relief available under any statute, court rule, or other authority;
(4) Affect, limit, or preclude the right of the moving party to any defense, remedy, immunity, or privilege otherwise authorized by law;
(5) Affect the substantive law governing any asserted claim; or
(6) Create a private right of action.
§55-18-6. Effective date.
This article shall be effective as to any civil action commenced on or after the date of enactment of this article regardless of whether the claim arose prior to the date of enactment.
NOTE: The purpose of this bill is to permit motions to dismiss suits that are based on an alleged right of petition, free speech, or association under the United States Constitution or the Constitution of West Virginia in connection with a public issue. The bill exempts law enforcement actions by government officials and provides several essential rules of construction.
Strike-throughs indicate language that would be stricken from a heading or the present law and underscoring indicates new language that would be added.
