Bill Text: NY A08024 | 2011-2012 | General Assembly | Introduced
Bill Title: Establishes a youth court diversion program to transfer the dispositional phase of proceedings to youth courts.
Sponsorship: Partisan Bill (Democrat 2)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2012-05-15 - reported referred to codes [A08024 Detail]
Download: New_York-2011-A08024-Introduced.html
S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
8024
2011-2012 Regular Sessions
I N A S S E M B L Y
May 27, 2011
___________
Introduced by M. of A. LENTOL -- read once and referred to the Committee
on Children and Families
AN ACT to establish youth courts and authorize criminal and family
courts to transfer the dispositional phase of proceedings to youth
courts and to amend the criminal procedure law and the family court
act, in relation thereto
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
1 Section 1. There is hereby established a youth court diversion
2 program:
3 1. Legislative findings. Young people sometimes make bad decisions
4 that can lead to contact with the justice system, and those youth who
5 become involved in the justice system are at greater risk for future,
6 more serious involvement as adults. The legislature finds that diversion
7 programs can help youth make better decisions, reduce their future
8 contacts with the criminal justice system and encourage positive devel-
9 opment. The legislature further finds that youth courts, which have a
10 long history as a diversion alternative in the State of New York, are a
11 valuable resource for the courts, law enforcement and probation depart-
12 ments, and schools. Youth courts use positive peer pressure to hold
13 young people accountable for their actions, providing them with the
14 opportunity to redress any harm they have caused while supporting their
15 positive engagement with the community. The legislature further finds
16 that youth courts provide young people with meaningful civic education
17 about the justice system.
18 2. Definitions: As used in this section:
19 (a) "Youth court" means a tribunal of young people who have been
20 trained to conduct dispositional hearings for youth alleged to have
21 committed certain offenses and to determine and assign constructive
22 sanctions designed to restore the community, reduce recidivism, and
23 serve as an alternative to further formal processes. Models include, but
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD11692-01-1
A. 8024 2
1 are not limited to, a tribunal presided over by an adult judge or a
2 youth judge, or a peer tribunal. Sanctions may be determined by either a
3 peer jury or peer tribunal.
4 (b) "Sanction" means the acts a referred youth is to perform to
5 redress any harm caused by his or her conduct and other constructive
6 exercises meant to provide insight into the consequences of his or her
7 behavior and to help him or her make better decisions in the future.
8 Sanctions may include, but are not limited to, performance of community
9 service, participation on a youth court jury, attendance at youth court-
10 approved education workshops, curfew limitations, essay writing, letters
11 of apology, restitution and behavior modification classes. Inability to
12 pay restitution shall not be a factor in determining whether youth court
13 is an appropriate diversion in any given proceeding, action or referral.
14 (c) "Youth" means:
15 (i) an individual under the age of twenty-one at the time of the
16 alleged offense who is referred to youth court from family or criminal
17 court, probation or police; or
18 (ii) an individual under the age of twenty-one who is currently
19 enrolled in school and is referred in a school disciplinary proceeding
20 by the school administration for a school-related offense.
21 (d) "Consent" means the agreement of the youth to waive further
22 proceedings in court or school and to referral of the dispositional
23 phase of the waived proceeding to a youth court program. Consent also
24 means the agreement of the youth to cooperate with the youth court
25 program and to complete the assessed sanction.
26 (e) "Organizing entity" means the school, non-profit organization, or
27 governmental unit or agency including a municipal corporation that
28 undertakes establishment of a youth court program.
29 3. Case referral. (a) Youth courts may accept referrals of proceedings
30 from appropriate sources, which may include, but are not limited to,
31 schools, probation, police, presentment agency or prosecutor, involving
32 a youth whose alleged offense or offenses violates a state law, munici-
33 pal law or ordinance or school policy.
34 (b)(i) Where a proceeding has been commenced in criminal court,
35 violation and misdemeanor offenses as defined by article ten of the
36 penal law may be referred to a youth court program at the discretion of
37 the presiding court. Felony offenses as defined by article ten of the
38 penal law may be referred to a youth court program at the discretion of
39 the court, with the agreement of the prosecutor.
40 (ii) Where proceeding has been commenced in family court, misdemeanor
41 and non-designated felony offenses as defined by article ten of the
42 penal law and subdivision 8 of section 301.2 of the family court act,
43 may be referred to a youth court program at the discretion of the
44 presiding court. Designated felony offenses as defined by subdivision 8
45 of section 301.2 of the family court act may be referred to a youth
46 court program at the discretion of the court, with the agreement of the
47 presentment agency.
48 (c) A youth must consent to the referral of the dispositional phase of
49 the proceeding to a youth court program.
50 (d) Each youth court program retains the right to decline any refer-
51 rals received based upon criteria established in its by-laws or proce-
52 dure manual.
53 4. Failure to complete sanctions. The failure of a youth who has
54 previously consented to referral to a youth court program to cooperate
55 or complete the assigned sanction or sanctions will result in notice of
56 the failure being provided to the referring body, which may take such
A. 8024 3
1 action as it determines appropriate or as provided by law; provided,
2 however, that the youth may not receive a harsher sanction, disposition
3 or sentence from the referring body than he or she would have received
4 but for the referral to youth court.
5 5. Completion of sanctions. Upon the youth's completion of the
6 assigned sanction or sanctions, all court, police and probation records
7 pertaining to the offense which resulted in the referral shall be sealed
8 automatically, notwithstanding any law dealing generally with the pres-
9 ervation and destruction of public records.
10 6. Liability. The organizing entity, the youth court, its board and
11 staff, youth court volunteers, and youth referred to the youth court
12 program shall be immune from any claims that may arise as a result of
13 activities related to youth court.
14 7. Confidentiality. All records from proceedings of a youth court
15 program shall be confidential, except as necessary to provide informa-
16 tion or notice to the referring body. Such records shall remain property
17 of the youth court and may not be used in any subsequent family or crim-
18 inal court or school hearings.
19 8. Application. This section shall apply to all youth courts estab-
20 lished in New York State, whether preexisting or established subsequent
21 to the enactment of this section.
22 S 2. Subdivision 3 of section 160.50 of the criminal procedure law is
23 amended by adding a new paragraph (m) to read as follows:
24 (M) AN ORDER DISMISSING AN ACTION PURSUANT TO SECTION 217.30 OF THIS
25 CHAPTER WAS ENTERED.
26 S 3. Subdivision 6 of section 170.55 of the criminal procedure law, as
27 added by chapter 134 of the laws of 1982 and as renumbered by chapter 39
28 of the laws of 1988, is amended to read as follows:
29 6. The court may as a condition of an adjournment in contemplation of
30 dismissal order, require the defendant to perform services for a GOVERN-
31 MENTAL UNIT OR AGENCY INCLUDING A MUNICIPAL CORPORATION, public or not-
32 for-profit corporation, association, institution or agency. Such condi-
33 tion may only be imposed where the defendant has consented to the amount
34 and conditions of such service. The court may not impose such conditions
35 in excess of the length of the adjournment.
36 S 4. The criminal procedure law is amended by adding a new article 217
37 to read as follows:
38 ARTICLE 217
39 YOUTH COURT DIVERSION PROGRAM
40 SECTION 217.10 JURISDICTION OF YOUTH COURT.
41 217.20 RESTORATION OF PROCEEDING TO PRESIDING COURT.
42 217.30 DISMISSAL OF ACTION.
43 S 217.10 JURISDICTION OF YOUTH COURT.
44 IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH AN ESTABLISHED YOUTH COURT ACCEPTS REFER-
45 RALS FROM SCHOOLS, LAW ENFORCEMENT, PROBATION AND/OR A COURT REGARDING A
46 DEFENDANT UNDER THE AGE OF TWENTY-ONE, WHEN A PROCEEDING HAS BEEN
47 COMMENCED IN SUCH COURT, AT ANY TIME BEFORE FINAL DISPOSITION OF A
48 PROCEEDING, THE COURT MAY REFER THE PROCEEDING TO THE YOUTH COURT
49 PROGRAM UNDER THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS:
50 1. VIOLATIONS AND MISDEMEANOR OFFENSES AS DEFINED BY ARTICLE TEN OF
51 THE PENAL LAW MAY BE REFERRED TO AN ESTABLISHED YOUTH COURT PROGRAM AT
52 THE DISCRETION OF THE PRESIDING COURT.
53 2. FELONY OFFENSES AS DEFINED BY ARTICLE TEN OF THE PENAL LAW MAY BE
54 REFERRED TO AN ESTABLISHED YOUTH COURT PROGRAM AT THE DISCRETION OF THE
55 PRESIDING COURT WITH THE CONSENT OF THE PEOPLE.
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1 3. THE YOUTH MUST CONSENT TO THE REFERRAL OF THE PROCEEDING TO A YOUTH
2 COURT PROGRAM.
3 4. THE COURT SHALL ISSUE AN ORDER ADJOURNING THE PROCEEDING IN CONTEM-
4 PLATION OF DISMISSAL FOR NOT MORE THAN SIX MONTHS FOR PURPOSES OF REFER-
5 RAL TO AN ESTABLISHED YOUTH COURT PROGRAM.
6 S 217.20 RESTORATION OF PROCEEDING TO PRESIDING COURT.
7 UPON FAILURE OF A YOUTH TO COOPERATE WITH THE YOUTH COURT PROGRAM OR
8 TO COMPLETE THE ASSIGNED SANCTION OR SANCTIONS WITHIN SIX MONTHS OF THE
9 COURT ORDER ADJOURNING THE PROCEEDING IN CONTEMPLATION OF DISMISSAL, THE
10 COURT MAY RESTORE THE PROCEEDING TO THE CALENDAR UPON A DETERMINATION
11 THAT DISMISSAL OF THE ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENT WOULD NOT BE IN THE FURTHER-
12 ANCE OF JUSTICE; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT THE YOUTH MAY NOT RECEIVE A
13 HARSHER SENTENCE THAN HE OR SHE WOULD HAVE RECEIVED BUT FOR THE REFERRAL
14 TO YOUTH COURT.
15 S 217.30 DISMISSAL OF ACTION.
16 IF THE PROCEEDING HAS NOT BEEN RESTORED TO THE CALENDAR WITHIN SIX
17 MONTHS PURSUANT TO SECTION 217.20 OF THIS ARTICLE, THE ACCUSATORY
18 INSTRUMENT SHALL BE DISMISSED BY THE COURT IN FURTHERANCE OF JUSTICE AT
19 THE EXPIRATION OF THE SIX MONTH PERIOD. UPON DISMISSAL OF THE ACTION,
20 THE ARREST AND PROSECUTION SHALL BE DEEMED A NULLITY AND THE DEFENDANT
21 SHALL BE RESTORED TO THE STATUS HE OR SHE OCCUPIED BEFORE HIS OR HER
22 ARREST AND PROSECUTION. ALL PAPERS AND RECORDS RELATING TO THE PROCEED-
23 ING THAT HAS BEEN DISMISSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL BE SUBJECT TO
24 THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 160.50 OF THIS PART.
25 S 5. Subdivision 2 of section 315.3 of the family court act, as
26 amended by chapter 880 of the laws of 1985, is amended to read as
27 follows:
28 2. Rules of court shall define the permissible terms and conditions
29 which may be included in an order that the proceeding be adjourned in
30 contemplation of dismissal; such permissible terms and conditions may
31 include supervision by the probation service, a requirement that the
32 respondent cooperate with a mental health, social services or other
33 appropriate community facility or agency to which the respondent may be
34 referred, A REFERRAL TO A YOUTH COURT DIVERSION PROGRAM PURSUANT TO
35 SECTION 316.1 OF THIS PART and a requirement that the respondent comply
36 with such other reasonable conditions as the court shall determine to be
37 necessary or appropriate to ameliorate the conduct which gave rise to
38 the filing of the petition or to prevent placement with the commissioner
39 of social services or the [division for youth] OFFICE OF CHILDREN AND
40 FAMILY SERVICES.
41 S 6. The family court act is amended by adding a new section 316.1 to
42 read as follows:
43 S 316.1. YOUTH COURT DIVERSION PROGRAM. 1. IN ANY JURISDICTION IN
44 WHICH AN ESTABLISHED YOUTH COURT ACCEPTS REFERRALS FROM SCHOOLS, LAW
45 ENFORCEMENT, PROBATION AND/OR A COURT REGARDING A RESPONDENT UNDER THE
46 AGE OF SIXTEEN, WHEN A PROCEEDING HAS BEEN COMMENCED IN SUCH COURT, AT
47 ANY TIME BEFORE A FINDING IS ENTERED UNDER SECTION 352.1 OF THIS ARTI-
48 CLE, THE COURT MAY REFER THE PROCEEDING TO THE YOUTH COURT PROGRAM UNDER
49 THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS:
50 (A) EXCEPT WHERE THERE IS AN ALLEGATION THAT A YOUTH COMMITTED A
51 DESIGNATED FELONY ACT, VIOLATIONS, MISDEMEANOR AND FELONY OFFENSES AS
52 DEFINED BY ARTICLE TEN OF THE PENAL LAW MAY BE REFERRED TO AN ESTAB-
53 LISHED YOUTH COURT PROGRAM AT THE DISCRETION OF THE PRESIDING COURT.
54 DESIGNATED FELONY OFFENSES AS DEFINED BY SUBDIVISION EIGHT OF SECTION
55 301.2 OF THIS ARTICLE MAY BE REFERRED TO A YOUTH COURT PROGRAM AT THE
56 DISCRETION OF THE COURT, WITH THE AGREEMENT OF THE PRESENTMENT AGENCY.
A. 8024 5
1 (B) THE YOUTH MUST CONSENT TO THE REFERRAL OF THE PROCEEDING TO A
2 YOUTH COURT PROGRAM; AND
3 (C) THE COURT SHALL ISSUE AN ORDER PURSUANT TO SECTION 315.3 OF THIS
4 PART, ADJOURNING THE PROCEEDING FOR A PERIOD NOT TO EXCEED SIX MONTHS IN
5 CONTEMPLATION OF DISMISSAL FOR PURPOSES OF REFERRAL TO AN ESTABLISHED
6 YOUTH COURT PROGRAM.
7 2. UPON FAILURE OF A YOUTH TO COOPERATE WITH THE YOUTH COURT PROGRAM
8 OR TO COMPLETE THE ASSIGNED SANCTION OR SANCTIONS WITHIN SIX MONTHS OF
9 THE COURT ORDER ADJOURNING THE PROCEEDING IN CONTEMPLATION OF DISMISSAL,
10 THE COURT MAY RESTORE THE PROCEEDING TO THE CALENDAR, UPON A DETERMI-
11 NATION THAT DISMISSAL OF THE PETITION WOULD NOT BE IN THE FURTHERANCE OF
12 JUSTICE; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT THE YOUTH MAY NOT RECEIVE A HARSHER
13 DISPOSITION THAN HE OR SHE WOULD HAVE RECEIVED BUT FOR THE REFERRAL TO
14 YOUTH COURT.
15 3. IF THE PROCEEDING HAS NOT BEEN RESTORED TO THE CALENDAR WITHIN SIX
16 MONTHS, THE PETITION SHALL, PURSUANT TO SECTION 315.3 OF THIS PART, BE
17 DISMISSED BY THE COURT IN FURTHERANCE OF JUSTICE AT THE EXPIRATION OF
18 THE SIX MONTH PERIOD.
19 S 7. This act shall take effect on the sixtieth day after it shall
20 have become a law.
