Bill Text: MN HF2288 | 2013-2014 | 88th Legislature | Engrossed
NOTE: There are more recent revisions of this legislation. Read Latest Draft
Bill Title: Law enforcement required to secure a court order in order to receive cell phone tracking data.
Spectrum: Slight Partisan Bill (Democrat 5-3)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2014-05-15 - Author added Bernardy [HF2288 Detail]
Download: Minnesota-2013-HF2288-Engrossed.html
Bill Title: Law enforcement required to secure a court order in order to receive cell phone tracking data.
Spectrum: Slight Partisan Bill (Democrat 5-3)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2014-05-15 - Author added Bernardy [HF2288 Detail]
Download: Minnesota-2013-HF2288-Engrossed.html
1.2relating to public safety; requiring law enforcement to secure a search warrant in
1.3order to receive cell phone tracking data;amending Minnesota Statutes 2012,
1.4section 626A.28, subdivision 3; proposing coding for new law in Minnesota
1.5Statutes, chapter 626A.
1.6BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA:
1.7 Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2012, section 626A.28, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
1.8 Subd. 3. Records concerning electronic communication service or remote
1.9computing service. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) or chapter 325M, a provider
1.10of electronic communication service or remote computing service may disclose a record
1.11or other information pertaining to a subscriber to or customer of the service, not including
1.12the contents of communications covered by subdivision 1 or 2, to any person other than a
1.13governmental entity.
1.14(b) Except as provided in section 626A.42, a provider of electronic communication
1.15service or remote computing service may disclose a record or other information pertaining
1.16to a subscriber to or customer of the service, not including the contents of communications
1.17covered by subdivision 1 or 2, to a governmental entity only when the governmental entity:
1.18(1) uses an administrative subpoena authorized by statute, or a grand jury subpoena;
1.19(2) obtains a warrant;
1.20(3) obtains a court order for such disclosure under subdivision 4; or
1.21(4) has the consent of the subscriber or customer to the disclosure.
1.22(c) A governmental entity receiving records or information under this subdivision is
1.23not required to provide notice to a subscriber or customer.
1.24 Sec. 2. [626A.42] ELECTRONIC DEVICE LOCATION INFORMATION.
2.1 Subdivision 1. Definitions. (a) The definitions in this subdivision apply to this
2.2section.
2.3(b) An "adverse result" occurs when notification of the existence of a search warrant
2.4results in:
2.5(1) danger to the life or physical safety of an individual;
2.6(2) a flight from prosecution;
2.7(3) the destruction of or tampering with evidence;
2.8(4) the intimidation of potential witnesses; or
2.9(5) serious jeopardy to an investigation or undue delay of a trial.
2.10(c) "Electronic communication service" has the meaning given in section 626A.01,
2.11subdivision 17.
2.12(d) "Electronic device" means a device that enables access to or use of an electronic
2.13communication service, remote computing service, or location information service.
2.14(e) "Government entity" means a state or local agency, including but not limited to a
2.15law enforcement entity or any other investigative entity, agency, department, division,
2.16bureau, board, or commission or an individual acting or purporting to act for or on behalf
2.17of a state or local agency.
2.18(f) "Location information" means information concerning the location of an
2.19electronic device that, in whole or in part, is generated or derived from or obtained by the
2.20operation of an electronic device.
2.21(g) "Location information service" means the provision of a global positioning
2.22service or other mapping, locational, or directional information service.
2.23(h) "Remote computing service" has the meaning given in section 626A.34.
2.24 Subd. 2. Search warrant required for location information. (a) Except as
2.25provided in paragraph (b), a government entity may not obtain the location information of
2.26an electronic device without a search warrant issued pursuant to chapter 626. A warrant
2.27granting access to location information must be issued only if the government entity shows
2.28that there is probable cause the person who possesses an electronic device is committing,
2.29has committed, or is about to commit a felony level offense.
2.30(b) A government entity may obtain location information without a search warrant:
2.31(1) when the electronic device is reported lost or stolen by the owner;
2.32(2) in order to respond to the user's call for emergency services;
2.33(3) with the informed, affirmative, documented consent of the owner or user of the
2.34electronic device;
3.1(4) with the informed, affirmative consent of the legal guardian or next of kin of
3.2the owner or user if the owner or user is believed to be deceased or reported missing and
3.3unable to be contacted; or
3.4(5) in an emergency situation that involves the risk of death or serious physical harm
3.5to a person who possesses an electronic communications device pursuant to sections
3.6237.82 and 237.83.
3.7 Subd. 3. Time period and extensions. (a) A search warrant issued under this section
3.8must authorize the collection of location information for a period not to exceed 60 days, or
3.9the period of time necessary to achieve the objective of the authorization, whichever is less.
3.10(b) Extensions of a warrant may be granted, but only upon an application for an
3.11order and upon the judicial finding required by subdivision 2. The period of extension
3.12must be for a period not to exceed 60 days, or the period of time necessary to achieve the
3.13objective for which it is granted, whichever is less.
3.14(c) Paragraphs (a) and (b) apply only to search warrants issued for the
3.15contemporaneous collection of electronic device location information.
3.16 Subd. 4. Notice. (a) Notice must be given to the owner or user of an electronic
3.17device whose location information was obtained by a government entity.
3.18(b) Unless delayed notice is ordered under paragraph (c), the government entity
3.19shall provide notice to the owner or user that location information was obtained by the
3.20government entity from the owner's or user's electronic device within three days of
3.21obtaining the location information. The notice must be made by service or delivered by
3.22registered or first-class mail. The notice must contain the following information:
3.23(1) the nature of the government entity inquiry, with reasonable specificity;
3.24(2) the location information of the owner or user that was obtained by, supplied to,
3.25or requested by the government entity and the date on which it was obtained, provided,
3.26or requested;
3.27(3) if location information was obtained from a provider of electronic communication
3.28service or other third party, the identity of the provider of electronic communication
3.29service or the third party from whom the information was obtained; and
3.30(4) whether the notification was delayed pursuant to paragraph (c) and, if so, the
3.31court that granted the delay and the reasons for granting the delay.
3.32(c) A government entity may include in the application for a warrant a request
3.33for an order to delay the notification required under this subdivision for a period not to
3.34exceed 90 days. The court shall issue the order if the court determines that there is reason
3.35to believe that notification may have an adverse result. Upon expiration of the period of
3.36delay granted under this subdivision and any extension granted under paragraph (e), the
4.1government entity shall provide the owner or user a copy of the warrant together with a
4.2notice pursuant to paragraph (b).
4.3(d) A government entity may include in its application for a warrant a request for
4.4an order directing a provider of electronic communication service to which a warrant is
4.5directed not to notify any other person of the existence of the warrant for a period of not
4.6more than 90 days. The court shall issue the order if the court determines that there is reason
4.7to believe that notification of the existence of the warrant may have an adverse result.
4.8(e) The court, upon application, may grant one or more extensions of orders granted
4.9under paragraph (c) or (d) for up to an additional 90 days.
4.10 Subd. 5. Reporting. (a) Unless disclosure of information pertaining to a particular
4.11request or set of requests is specifically prohibited by law, an electronic communication
4.12service shall prepare a report including all of the following information, to the extent
4.13it can be reasonably determined:
4.14(1) the number of warrants for location information, the number of requests made
4.15with the informed consent of the owner or user of an electronic device, and the number of
4.16emergency requests received by the electronic communication service from January 1 to
4.17December 31, inclusive, of the previous year;
4.18(2) the total number of disclosures made by the electronic communication service
4.19pursuant to this section from January 1 to December 31, inclusive, of the previous year; and
4.20(3) for each category of demand or disclosure, the electronic communication service
4.21shall include all of the following information:
4.22(i) the number of times location information has been disclosed by the electronic
4.23communication service;
4.24(ii) the number of times no location information has been disclosed by the electronic
4.25communication service;
4.26(iii) the number of times the electronic communication service contests the demand;
4.27and
4.28(iv) the number of users whose location information was disclosed by the electronic
4.29communication service.
4.30(b) An electronic communication service must only report on cases that target
4.31location information for a person located in the state or a resident of the state.
4.32(c) Electronic communication services required to complete reports under this
4.33subdivision shall submit the reports to the commissioner of public safety on or before
4.34February 1 of each year. The commissioner shall make the reports publicly available on
4.35the department's Web site, in a searchable format, on or before April 1 of each year.
1.3order to receive cell phone tracking data;amending Minnesota Statutes 2012,
1.4section 626A.28, subdivision 3; proposing coding for new law in Minnesota
1.5Statutes, chapter 626A.
1.6BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA:
1.7 Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2012, section 626A.28, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
1.8 Subd. 3. Records concerning electronic communication service or remote
1.9computing service. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) or chapter 325M, a provider
1.10of electronic communication service or remote computing service may disclose a record
1.11or other information pertaining to a subscriber to or customer of the service, not including
1.12the contents of communications covered by subdivision 1 or 2, to any person other than a
1.13governmental entity.
1.14(b) Except as provided in section 626A.42, a provider of electronic communication
1.15service or remote computing service may disclose a record or other information pertaining
1.16to a subscriber to or customer of the service, not including the contents of communications
1.17covered by subdivision 1 or 2, to a governmental entity only when the governmental entity:
1.18(1) uses an administrative subpoena authorized by statute, or a grand jury subpoena;
1.19(2) obtains a warrant;
1.20(3) obtains a court order for such disclosure under subdivision 4; or
1.21(4) has the consent of the subscriber or customer to the disclosure.
1.22(c) A governmental entity receiving records or information under this subdivision is
1.23not required to provide notice to a subscriber or customer.
1.24 Sec. 2. [626A.42] ELECTRONIC DEVICE LOCATION INFORMATION.
2.1 Subdivision 1. Definitions. (a) The definitions in this subdivision apply to this
2.2section.
2.3(b) An "adverse result" occurs when notification of the existence of a search warrant
2.4results in:
2.5(1) danger to the life or physical safety of an individual;
2.6(2) a flight from prosecution;
2.7(3) the destruction of or tampering with evidence;
2.8(4) the intimidation of potential witnesses; or
2.9(5) serious jeopardy to an investigation or undue delay of a trial.
2.10(c) "Electronic communication service" has the meaning given in section 626A.01,
2.11subdivision 17.
2.12(d) "Electronic device" means a device that enables access to or use of an electronic
2.13communication service, remote computing service, or location information service.
2.14(e) "Government entity" means a state or local agency, including but not limited to a
2.15law enforcement entity or any other investigative entity, agency, department, division,
2.16bureau, board, or commission or an individual acting or purporting to act for or on behalf
2.17of a state or local agency.
2.18(f) "Location information" means information concerning the location of an
2.19electronic device that, in whole or in part, is generated or derived from or obtained by the
2.20operation of an electronic device.
2.21(g) "Location information service" means the provision of a global positioning
2.22service or other mapping, locational, or directional information service.
2.23(h) "Remote computing service" has the meaning given in section 626A.34.
2.24 Subd. 2. Search warrant required for location information. (a) Except as
2.25provided in paragraph (b), a government entity may not obtain the location information of
2.26an electronic device without a search warrant issued pursuant to chapter 626. A warrant
2.27granting access to location information must be issued only if the government entity shows
2.28that there is probable cause the person who possesses an electronic device is committing,
2.29has committed, or is about to commit a felony level offense.
2.30(b) A government entity may obtain location information without a search warrant:
2.31(1) when the electronic device is reported lost or stolen by the owner;
2.32(2) in order to respond to the user's call for emergency services;
2.33(3) with the informed, affirmative, documented consent of the owner or user of the
2.34electronic device;
3.1(4) with the informed, affirmative consent of the legal guardian or next of kin of
3.2the owner or user if the owner or user is believed to be deceased or reported missing and
3.3unable to be contacted; or
3.4(5) in an emergency situation that involves the risk of death or serious physical harm
3.5to a person who possesses an electronic communications device pursuant to sections
3.6237.82 and 237.83.
3.7 Subd. 3. Time period and extensions. (a) A search warrant issued under this section
3.8must authorize the collection of location information for a period not to exceed 60 days, or
3.9the period of time necessary to achieve the objective of the authorization, whichever is less.
3.10(b) Extensions of a warrant may be granted, but only upon an application for an
3.11order and upon the judicial finding required by subdivision 2. The period of extension
3.12must be for a period not to exceed 60 days, or the period of time necessary to achieve the
3.13objective for which it is granted, whichever is less.
3.14(c) Paragraphs (a) and (b) apply only to search warrants issued for the
3.15contemporaneous collection of electronic device location information.
3.16 Subd. 4. Notice. (a) Notice must be given to the owner or user of an electronic
3.17device whose location information was obtained by a government entity.
3.18(b) Unless delayed notice is ordered under paragraph (c), the government entity
3.19shall provide notice to the owner or user that location information was obtained by the
3.20government entity from the owner's or user's electronic device within three days of
3.21obtaining the location information. The notice must be made by service or delivered by
3.22registered or first-class mail. The notice must contain the following information:
3.23(1) the nature of the government entity inquiry, with reasonable specificity;
3.24(2) the location information of the owner or user that was obtained by, supplied to,
3.25or requested by the government entity and the date on which it was obtained, provided,
3.26or requested;
3.27(3) if location information was obtained from a provider of electronic communication
3.28service or other third party, the identity of the provider of electronic communication
3.29service or the third party from whom the information was obtained; and
3.30(4) whether the notification was delayed pursuant to paragraph (c) and, if so, the
3.31court that granted the delay and the reasons for granting the delay.
3.32(c) A government entity may include in the application for a warrant a request
3.33for an order to delay the notification required under this subdivision for a period not to
3.34exceed 90 days. The court shall issue the order if the court determines that there is reason
3.35to believe that notification may have an adverse result. Upon expiration of the period of
3.36delay granted under this subdivision and any extension granted under paragraph (e), the
4.1government entity shall provide the owner or user a copy of the warrant together with a
4.2notice pursuant to paragraph (b).
4.3(d) A government entity may include in its application for a warrant a request for
4.4an order directing a provider of electronic communication service to which a warrant is
4.5directed not to notify any other person of the existence of the warrant for a period of not
4.6more than 90 days. The court shall issue the order if the court determines that there is reason
4.7to believe that notification of the existence of the warrant may have an adverse result.
4.8(e) The court, upon application, may grant one or more extensions of orders granted
4.9under paragraph (c) or (d) for up to an additional 90 days.
4.10 Subd. 5. Reporting. (a) Unless disclosure of information pertaining to a particular
4.11request or set of requests is specifically prohibited by law, an electronic communication
4.12service shall prepare a report including all of the following information, to the extent
4.13it can be reasonably determined:
4.14(1) the number of warrants for location information, the number of requests made
4.15with the informed consent of the owner or user of an electronic device, and the number of
4.16emergency requests received by the electronic communication service from January 1 to
4.17December 31, inclusive, of the previous year;
4.18(2) the total number of disclosures made by the electronic communication service
4.19pursuant to this section from January 1 to December 31, inclusive, of the previous year; and
4.20(3) for each category of demand or disclosure, the electronic communication service
4.21shall include all of the following information:
4.22(i) the number of times location information has been disclosed by the electronic
4.23communication service;
4.24(ii) the number of times no location information has been disclosed by the electronic
4.25communication service;
4.26(iii) the number of times the electronic communication service contests the demand;
4.27and
4.28(iv) the number of users whose location information was disclosed by the electronic
4.29communication service.
4.30(b) An electronic communication service must only report on cases that target
4.31location information for a person located in the state or a resident of the state.
4.32(c) Electronic communication services required to complete reports under this
4.33subdivision shall submit the reports to the commissioner of public safety on or before
4.34February 1 of each year. The commissioner shall make the reports publicly available on
4.35the department's Web site, in a searchable format, on or before April 1 of each year.
