Bill Text: HI HB568 | 2022 | Regular Session | Introduced
Bill Title: Relating To Sex Trafficking.
Spectrum: Moderate Partisan Bill (Democrat 17-2)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2021-12-10 - Carried over to 2022 Regular Session. [HB568 Detail]
Download: Hawaii-2022-HB568-Introduced.html
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HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES |
H.B. NO. |
568 |
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THIRTY-FIRST LEGISLATURE, 2021 |
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STATE OF HAWAII |
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A BILL FOR AN ACT
RELATING TO SEX TRAFFICKING.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF HAWAII:
SECTION
1. The legislature finds that sex trafficking
is a form of modern-day slavery.
According to a 2018 report published by Arizona state university and the
Hawaii state commission on the status of women, one of every eleven adult male
residents of Hawaii are online sex shoppers.
The report also estimated that there were 74,362 potential sex buyers in
Hawaii. Moreover, Imua Alliance, a victim
service provider for survivors of sex trafficking and sexual violence, estimates
that one hundred fifty establishments participate in the commercial sex trade in
the State, increasing the high risk for sex trafficking. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a service provider
for sex trafficking victims in Hawaii reported seeing a three hundred per cent increase
in demand for services.
The
legislature further finds that a disproportionately low number of the sex
trafficking offenses that occur in the State are prosecuted in court. This is due in significant part to the fact
that most sex trafficking victims delay reporting the crimes committed against
them, and many do not report the crimes at all.
Victims often feel complicit in the offense or carry a sense of guilt and
shame. Most victims delay their reports
until after they have been removed from their traffickers and the corresponding
living conditions, and many undergo trauma-informed care and counseling before
they speak out. Accordingly, in the interest
of aiding victims who seek justice, prosecutors should have the power to pursue
a criminal case for sex trafficking, regardless of when the offense was committed.
The
legislature additionally finds that existing state law does not identify soliciting
a minor for prostitution as a form of sex trafficking. However, federal law recognizes offering to
engage in sexual activity with a minor for anything of value as a form of sex
trafficking. Laws that target the solicitation
of minors for sex trafficking have been proven to be effective in reducing the demand
for sexual exploitation that provides the financial incentive for the commercial
sex trade, without relying on criminal systems that often misidentify, retraumatize,
penalize, stigmatize, or incarcerate sex trafficking victims.
The
purpose of this Act is to strengthen Hawaii's sex trafficking laws by making the
solicitation of a minor for sexual services a form of sex trafficking.
SECTION
2. Section 701-108, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (1) to read as follows:
"(1) A prosecution for murder, murder in the first
and second degrees, attempted murder, and attempted murder in the first and
second degrees, criminal conspiracy to commit murder in any degree, criminal
solicitation to commit murder in any degree, sexual assault in the first and second
degrees, sex trafficking, and continuous sexual assault of a minor under
the age of fourteen years may be commenced at any time."
SECTION
3. Section 706-606.6, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
"§706-606.6
Repeat violent and sexual offender; enhanced sentence. (1) Notwithstanding
any other provision of law to the contrary, any person who is convicted of an
offense under section 707-701.5, 707-702, 707-730, 707-731, 707-732, 707‑733.6,
707-750, 708-840, 712-1202, or 712-1203, [or 712‑1209.1,] after
having been convicted on at least three prior and separate occasions of an
offense under section 707-701.5, 707-702, 707‑710, 707-711, 707‑730,
707-731, 707-732, 707-733.6, 707-750, 708-840, 712-1202, or 712-1203, [or
712-1209.1,] or of an offense under federal law or the laws of another
state that is comparable to an offense under section 707-701.5, 707-702,
707-710, 707-711, 707-730, 707-731, 707-732, 707-733.6, 707-750, 708-840, 712-1202,
or 712-1203, [or 712-1209.1,] shall be sentenced to an extended
term of imprisonment as provided in section 706-661.
(2) A conviction shall not be considered a prior
offense unless the conviction occurred within the following time periods:
(a) For an offense under section 707-701.5, 707-702,
707‑730, 707-733.6, 707-750, 708-840, 712-1202, or 712-1203, [or
712-1209.1,] within the past twenty years from the date of the instant
offense;
(b) For an offense under section 707-710 or
707-731, within the past ten years from the date of the instant offense;
(c) For an offense under section 707-711 or
707-732, within the past five years from the date of the instant offense; or
(d) For an offense under federal law or the laws
of another state that is comparable to an offense under section 707-701.5, 707-702,
707-710, 707-711, 707-730, 707-731, 707-732, 707-733.6, 707-750, 708-840, 712‑1202,
or 712-1203, [or 712-1209.1,] within the maximum term of
imprisonment possible under the appropriate jurisdiction."
SECTION
4. Section 712-1202, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, is amended to read as follows:
"§712-1202
Sex trafficking. (1) A person commits the offense of sex
trafficking if the person knowingly:
(a) Advances prostitution by compelling or
inducing a person by force, threat, fraud, coercion, or intimidation to
engage in prostitution, or profits from such conduct by another; [or]
(b) Advances or profits from prostitution of a
minor[; provided that with respect to the victim's age, the
prosecution shall be required to prove only that the person committing the
offense acted negligently.]; or
(c) Offers or agrees to consideration
or the promise of consideration to a:
(i) Minor to engage in sexual conduct;
(ii) Third person pursuant to an understanding
that such compensation is in exchange for engaging in sexual conduct with a minor;
or
(iii) Member
of a police department, a sheriff, or a law enforcement officer who represents
that person's self as a minor to engage in sexual conduct.
(2)
The state of mind requirement for the
offenses under subsection (1)(b) and (1)(c) is not applicable to the fact that
the person solicited was a minor. A person
is strictly liable with respect to the attendant circumstance that the person
solicited was a minor.
(3) Consent to sexual conduct shall not
constitute a defense to a violation of this section.
(4) Subsection (1)(c) shall not apply to any
member of a police department, a sheriff, or a law enforcement officer who
offers or agrees to pay a fee to a minor while acting in the course and scope of
their official duties.
[(2)]
(5) Sex trafficking is a class A
felony.
[(3)]
(6) As used in this section:
"Consideration"
means a benefit to the promisor or any bargained for exchange without regard to
a determination as to the adequacy of the consideration.
"Fraud"
means making material false statements, misstatements, or omissions.
"Minor"
means a person who is less than eighteen years of age.
"Sexual
conduct" has the same meaning as in section 712‑1200(2).
"Threat"
means any of the actions listed in section 707‑764(1)."
SECTION
5. Section 712-1209.5, Hawaii Revised Statutes,
is amended by amending subsections (2) and (3) to read as follows:
"(2) For the purposes of this section, a person
has the status of a "habitual prostitution offender" if the person,
at the time of the conduct for which the person is charged, had two or more
convictions within ten years of the instant offense for:
(a) Prostitution, in violation of section
712-1200(1)(b);
(b) Sex trafficking, in violation of section 712‑1202(1)(c);
[(b)]
(c) Street solicitation of
prostitution, in violation of section 712-1207(1)(b);
[(c)]
(d) Habitual solicitation of prostitution,
in violation of this section;
[(d)]
(e) An offense of any other
jurisdiction that is comparable to one of the offenses in paragraph (a), (b), [or]
(c)[;], or (d); or
[(e)]
(f) Any combination of the offenses
in paragraph (a), (b), (c), [or] (d)[.], or (e).
A conviction for purposes of this
section is a judgment on the verdict or a finding of guilt, or a plea of guilty
or nolo contendere. The convictions must
have occurred on separate dates and be for separate incidents on separate
dates. At the time of the instant
offense, the conviction must not have been expunged by pardon, reversed, or set
aside.
(3) Habitual solicitation of prostitution is a
class C felony[.]; provided that habitual solicitation of prostitution
is a class A felony when the instant offense is sex trafficking under section
712-1202(1)(c)."
SECTION
6. Section 806-83, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
"(a) Criminal charges may be instituted by written
information for a felony when the charge is a class C felony, except under:
(1) Section 159-28 (bribery related to the Hawaii
Meat Inspection Act);
(2) Section 161-28 (bribery related to the Hawaii
Poultry Inspection Act);
(3) Section 707-712.5 (assault against a law enforcement
officer in the first degree);
(4) Section 707-716 (terroristic threatening in
the first degree);
(5) Section 707-732 (sexual assault in the third
degree);
(6) Section 707-741 (incest);
(7) Section 707-752 (promoting child abuse in the
third degree);
(8) Section 708-880 (commercial bribery);
(9) Section 709-904.5 (compensation by an adult of
juveniles for crimes);
(10) Section 710-1026.9 (resisting an order to stop
a motor vehicle in the first degree);
(11) Section 710-1070 (bribery of or by a witness);
(12) Section 710-1071 (intimidating a witness);
(13) Section 710-1072.2 (retaliating against a witness);
(14) Section 710-1073 (bribery of or by a juror);
(15) Section 710-1075 (jury tampering);
(16) Section 710-1075.5 (retaliating against a
juror);
(17) Section 711-1106.4 (aggravated harassment by
stalking);
(18) Section 711-1110.9 (violation of privacy in
the first degree);
(19) Section 712-1208 (promoting travel for prostitution);
[(20) Section 712-1209.1 (solicitation of a minor
for prostitution);
(21)] (20) Section 712-1209.5 (habitual solicitation of
prostitution);
[(22)] (21) Section 712-1215 (promoting pornography for
minors);
[(23)] (22) Section 712-1218 (failure to maintain age verification
records of sexual performers);
[(24)] (23) Section 712-1218.5 (failure to maintain age
verification records of sexually exploited individuals); and
[(25)] (24) Section 712-1219 (failure to affix information
disclosing location of age verification records of sexual performers)."
SECTION
7. Section 846E-1, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, is amended by amending the definition of "sexual offense" to
read as follows:
""Sexual
offense" means an offense that is:
(1) Set forth in section 707-730(1), 707-731(1),
707‑732(1), 707-733(1)(a), 707-733.6, 712-1202(1), or 712-1203(1), but
excludes conduct that is criminal only because of the age of the victim, as
provided in section 707-730(1)(b), or section 707-732(1)(b) if the perpetrator is
under the age of eighteen;
(2) An act defined in section 707-720 if the
charging document for the offense for which there has been a conviction alleged
intent to subject the victim to a sexual offense;
(3) An act that consists of:
(A) Criminal sexual conduct toward a minor, including
but not limited to an offense set forth in section 707-759;
(B) Solicitation of a minor who is less than
fourteen years old to engage in sexual conduct;
(C) Use of a minor in a sexual performance;
(D) Production, distribution, or possession of child
pornography chargeable as a felony under section 707-750, 707-751, or 707-752; or
(E) Electronic enticement of a child chargeable
under section 707-756 or 707-757 if the offense was committed with the intent to
promote or facilitate the commission of another covered offense as defined in
this section[; or
(F) Solicitation of a minor for prostitution in
violation of section 712-1209.1];
(4) A violation of privacy under section
711-1110.9;
(5) An act, as described in chapter 705, that is an
attempt, criminal solicitation, or criminal conspiracy to commit one of the
offenses designated in paragraphs (1) through (4);
(6) A criminal offense that is comparable to or
that exceeds a sexual offense as defined in paragraphs (1) through (5); or
(7) Any federal, military, out-of-state, tribal,
or foreign conviction for any offense that under the laws of this State would
be a sexual offense as defined in paragraphs (1) through (6)."
SECTION
8. Section 846E-10, Hawaii Revised Statutes,
is amended by amending subsection (d) to read as follows:
"(d) Tier 1 offenses. A covered offender who has maintained a clean
record for the previous ten years, excluding any time the offender was in
custody or civilly committed, and who has substantially complied with the registration
requirements of this chapter for the previous ten years, or for the portion of
that ten years that this chapter has been applicable, and who is not a repeat
covered offender may petition the court, in a civil proceeding, for termination
of registration requirements; provided that the covered offender's most serious
covered offense is one of the following:
(1) Any offense set forth in section 707-732(1)(d)
or (e), 707-733(1)(a), 707-752, 707-759, 711-1110.9, or 712‑1203(1)[,
or 712-1209.1];
(2) An offense set forth in section 707-721 or
707-722; provided that the offense involves unlawful imprisonment of a minor by
someone other than a parent;
(3) An offense set forth in section 707-757 that
includes an intent to promote or facilitate the commission of another covered
offense as defined in section 846E-1;
(4) An offense that is an attempt, criminal
solicitation, or criminal conspiracy to commit any of the offenses in paragraph
(1), (2), or (3);
(5) Any criminal offense that is comparable to one
of the offenses in paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4);
(6) Any federal, military, out-of-state, tribal,
or foreign offense that is comparable to one of the offenses in paragraph (1),
(2), (3), or (4); or
(7) Any other covered offense that is not specified
in subsection (a) or (c) or paragraph (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), or (6)."
SECTION
9. Section 853-4, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
"(a) This chapter shall not apply when:
(1) The offense charged involves the intentional,
knowing, reckless, or negligent killing of another person;
(2) The offense charged is:
(A) A felony that involves the intentional,
knowing, or reckless bodily injury, substantial bodily injury, or serious
bodily injury of another person; or
(B) A misdemeanor or petty misdemeanor that
carries a mandatory minimum sentence and that involves the intentional, knowing,
or reckless bodily injury, substantial bodily injury, or serious bodily injury
of another person;
provided
that the prohibition in this paragraph shall not apply to offenses described in
section 709‑906(18);
(3) The offense charged involves a conspiracy or
solicitation to intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly kill another person or
to cause serious bodily injury to another person;
(4) The offense charged is a class A felony;
(5) The offense charged is nonprobationable;
(6) The defendant has been convicted of any
offense defined as a felony by the Hawaii Penal Code or has been convicted for
any conduct that if perpetrated in this State would be punishable as a felony;
(7) The defendant is found to be a law violator or
delinquent child for the commission of any offense defined as a felony by the
Hawaii Penal Code or for any conduct that if perpetrated in this State would constitute
a felony;
(8) The defendant has a prior conviction for a felony
committed in any state, federal, or foreign jurisdiction;
(9) A firearm was used in the commission of the
offense charged;
(10) The defendant is charged with the distribution
of a dangerous, harmful, or detrimental drug to a minor;
(11) The defendant has been charged with a felony
offense and has been previously granted deferred acceptance of guilty plea or
no contest plea for a prior offense, regardless of whether the period of deferral
has already expired;
(12) The defendant has been charged with a misdemeanor
offense and has been previously granted deferred acceptance of guilty plea or
no contest plea for a prior felony, misdemeanor, or petty misdemeanor for which
the period of deferral has not yet expired;
(13) The offense charged is:
(A) Escape in the first degree;
(B) Escape in the second degree;
(C) Promoting prison contraband in the first
degree;
(D) Promoting prison contraband in the second degree;
(E) Bail jumping in the first degree;
(F) Bail jumping in the second degree;
(G) Bribery;
(H) Bribery of or by a witness;
(I) Intimidating a witness;
(J) Bribery of or by a juror;
(K) Intimidating a juror;
(L) Jury
tampering;
(M) Promoting prostitution;
(N) Abuse of family or household member except as provided
in paragraph (2) and section 709-906(18);
(O) Sexual assault in the second degree;
(P) Sexual assault in the third degree;
(Q) A violation of an order issued pursuant to
chapter 586;
(R) Promoting child abuse in the second degree;
(S) Promoting child abuse in the third degree;
(T) Electronic enticement of a child in the first
degree;
(U) Electronic enticement of a child in the second
degree;
(V) Prostitution pursuant to section 712-1200(1)(b);
(W) Street solicitation of prostitution under
section 712-1207(1)(b);
(X) Solicitation of prostitution near schools or public
parks under section 712-1209; or
(Y) Habitual solicitation of prostitution under
section 712-1209.5[; or
(Z) Solicitation of a minor for prostitution under
section 712-1209.1];
(14) The defendant has been charged with:
(A) Knowingly or intentionally falsifying any report
required under chapter 11, part XIII with the intent to circumvent the law or
deceive the campaign spending commission; or
(B) Violating section 11-352 or 11-353; or
(15) The defendant holds a commercial driver's license
and has been charged with violating a traffic control law, other than a parking
law, in connection with the operation of any type of motor vehicle."
SECTION
10. Section 712-1209.1, Hawaii Revised
Statutes, is repealed.
["§712-1209.1 Solicitation of a minor for prostitution.
(1)
A person eighteen years of age or older commits the offense of
solicitation of a minor for prostitution if the person intentionally, knowingly,
or recklessly offers or agrees to pay a fee to a minor or to a member of a police
department, a sheriff, or a law enforcement officer who represents that
person's self as a minor to engage in sexual conduct.
(2) Solicitation of a minor for prostitution is a
class C felony.
(3) A person convicted of committing the offense
of solicitation of a minor for prostitution shall be imposed a fine of not less
than $5,000; provided that $5,000 of the imposed fine shall be credited to the
general fund.
(4) This section shall not apply to any member of
a police department, a sheriff, or a law enforcement officer who offers or
agrees to pay a fee to a minor while acting in the course and scope of duties.
(5) The state of mind requirement for this offense
is not applicable to the fact that the person solicited was a minor. A person is strictly liable with respect to the
attendant circumstance that the person solicited was a minor.
(6) For purposes of this section:
"Minor"
means a person who is less than eighteen years of age.
"Sexual
conduct" has the same meaning as in section 712‑1200(2)."]
SECTION
11. This Act does not affect rights and
duties that matured, penalties that were incurred, and proceedings that were
begun before its effective date.
SECTION 12.
Statutory material to be repealed is bracketed and stricken. New statutory material is underscored.
SECTION 13. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
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INTRODUCED BY: |
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Report Title:
Sex Trafficking; Minors; Statute of Limitations; Prostitution; Coercion
Description:
The summary description
of legislation appearing on this page is for informational purposes only and is
not legislation or evidence of legislative intent.
