Bill Text: CA SB955 | 2015-2016 | Regular Session | Chaptered
Bill Title: State hospital commitment: compassionate release.
Sponsorship: Partisan Bill (Democrat 2)
Status: (Passed) 2016-09-27 - Chaptered by Secretary of State. Chapter 715, Statutes of 2016. [SB955 Detail]
Download: California-2015-SB955-Chaptered.html
BILL NUMBER: SB 955 CHAPTERED
BILL TEXT
CHAPTER 715
FILED WITH SECRETARY OF STATE SEPTEMBER 27, 2016
APPROVED BY GOVERNOR SEPTEMBER 27, 2016
PASSED THE SENATE AUGUST 30, 2016
PASSED THE ASSEMBLY AUGUST 22, 2016
AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY AUGUST 1, 2016
AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY JUNE 23, 2016
AMENDED IN ASSEMBLY JUNE 22, 2016
AMENDED IN SENATE APRIL 26, 2016
AMENDED IN SENATE APRIL 4, 2016
AMENDED IN SENATE MARCH 28, 2016
INTRODUCED BY Senator Beall
(Coauthor: Senator Hancock)
FEBRUARY 4, 2016
An act to amend Section 1026 of, and to add Sections 1370.015 and
2977 to, the Penal Code, and to add Section 4146 to the Welfare and
Institutions Code, relating to criminal procedure.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
SB 955, Beall. State hospital commitment: compassionate release.
Existing law requires, when a defendant pleads not guilty by
reason of insanity, that a jury determine whether the defendant was
sane or insane at the time the offense was committed. Under existing
law, if a defendant is found to be not guilty by reason of insanity,
the court is required to commit the person to a state hospital, or a
public or private treatment facility, or place him or her on
outpatient status, as specified. Existing law, subject to exceptions,
authorizes the release of a prisoner from state prison if the court
finds that the prisoner is terminally ill with an incurable condition
caused by an illness or disease that would produce death within 6
months, as determined by a physician employed by the department, and
that conditions under which the prisoner would be released or receive
treatment do not pose a threat to public safety.
This bill would establish similar compassionate release provisions
for a defendant who has been committed to a state hospital because,
among other reasons, the defendant is incompetent to stand trial or
to be adjudged to punishment, or the defendant is a mentally
disordered offender, including a person who has been found not guilty
by reason of insanity. The bill would make additional conforming
changes and would authorize the director to adopt emergency
regulations to implement these provisions.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. Section 1026 of the Penal Code is amended to read:
1026. (a) If a defendant pleads not guilty by reason of insanity,
and also joins with it another plea or pleas, the defendant shall
first be tried as if only the other plea or pleas had been entered,
and in that trial the defendant shall be conclusively presumed to
have been sane at the time the offense is alleged to have been
committed. If the jury finds the defendant guilty, or if the
defendant pleads only not guilty by reason of insanity, the question
whether the defendant was sane or insane at the time the offense was
committed shall be promptly tried, either before the same jury or
before a new jury in the discretion of the court. In that trial, the
jury shall return a verdict either that the defendant was sane at the
time the offense was committed or was insane at the time the offense
was committed. If the verdict or finding is that the defendant was
sane at the time the offense was committed, the court shall sentence
the defendant as provided by law. If the verdict or finding is that
the defendant was insane at the time the offense was committed, the
court, unless it appears to the court that the sanity of the
defendant has been recovered fully, shall direct that the defendant
be committed to the State Department of State Hospitals for the care
and treatment of the mentally disordered or any other appropriate
public or private treatment facility approved by the community
program director, or the court may order the defendant placed on
outpatient status pursuant to Title 15 (commencing with Section 1600)
of Part 2.
(b) Prior to making the order directing that the defendant be
committed to the State Department of State Hospitals or other
treatment facility or placed on outpatient status, the court shall
order the community program director or a designee to evaluate the
defendant and to submit to the court within 15 judicial days of the
order a written recommendation as to whether the defendant should be
placed on outpatient status or committed to the State Department of
State Hospitals or other treatment facility. A person shall not be
admitted to a state hospital or other treatment facility or placed on
outpatient status under this section without having been evaluated
by the community program director or a designee. If, however, it
appears to the court that the sanity of the defendant has been
recovered fully, the defendant shall be remanded to the custody of
the sheriff until the issue of sanity has been finally determined in
the manner prescribed by law. A defendant committed to a state
hospital or other treatment facility or placed on outpatient status
pursuant to Title 15 (commencing with Section 1600) of Part 2 shall
not be released from confinement, parole, or outpatient status unless
and until the court that committed the person, after notice and
hearing, finds and determines that the person's sanity has been
restored, or meets the criteria for release pursuant to Section 4146
of the Welfare and Institutions Code. This section does not prohibit
the transfer of the patient from one state hospital to any other
state hospital by proper authority. This section does not prohibit
the transfer of the patient to a hospital in another state in the
manner provided in Section 4119 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.
(c) If the defendant is committed or transferred to the State
Department of State Hospitals pursuant to this section, the court
may, upon receiving the written recommendation of the medical
director of the state hospital and the community program director
that the defendant be transferred to a public or private treatment
facility approved by the community program director, order the
defendant transferred to that facility. If the defendant is committed
or transferred to a public or private treatment facility approved by
the community program director, the court may, upon receiving the
written recommendation of the community program director, order the
defendant transferred to the State Department of State Hospitals or
to another public or private treatment facility approved by the
community program director. If either the defendant or the
prosecuting attorney chooses to contest either kind of order of
transfer, a petition may be filed in the court requesting a hearing,
which shall be held if the court determines that sufficient grounds
exist. At that hearing, the prosecuting attorney or the defendant may
present evidence bearing on the order of transfer. The court shall
use the same procedures and standards of proof as used in conducting
probation revocation hearings pursuant to Section 1203.2.
(d) Prior to making an order for transfer under this section, the
court shall notify the defendant, the attorney of record for the
defendant, the prosecuting attorney, and the community program
director or a designee.
(e) When the court, after considering the placement recommendation
of the community program director required in subdivision (b),
orders that the defendant be committed to the State Department of
State Hospitals or other public or private treatment facility, the
court shall provide copies of the following documents prior to the
admission of the defendant to the State Department of State Hospitals
or other treatment facility where the defendant is to be committed:
(1) The commitment order, including a specification of the
charges.
(2) A computation or statement setting forth the maximum term of
commitment in accordance with Section 1026.5.
(3) A computation or statement setting forth the amount of credit
for time served, if any, to be deducted from the maximum term of
commitment.
(4) State summary criminal history information.
(5) Any arrest reports prepared by the police department or other
law enforcement agency.
(6) Any court-ordered psychiatric examination or evaluation
reports.
(7) The community program director's placement recommendation
report.
(8) Any medical records.
(f) If the defendant is confined in a state hospital or other
treatment facility as an inpatient, the medical director of the
facility shall, at six-month intervals, submit a report in writing to
the court and the community program director of the county of
commitment, or a designee, setting forth the status and progress of
the defendant. The court shall transmit copies of these reports to
the prosecutor and defense counsel.
(g) For purposes of this section and Sections 1026.1 to 1026.6,
inclusive, "community program director" means the person, agency, or
entity designated by the State Department of State Hospitals pursuant
to Section 1605 of this code and Section 4360 of the Welfare and
Institutions Code.
SEC. 2. Section 1370.015 is added to the Penal Code, to read:
1370.015. A person committed to the care of the State Department
of State Hospitals because he or she is incompetent to stand trial or
to be adjudged to punishment is eligible for compassionate release
pursuant to Section 4146 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. In any
case in which the criteria for compassionate release apply, the
State Department of State Hospitals shall follow the procedures and
standards in Section 4146 of the Welfare and Institutions Code to
determine if the department should recommend to the court that the
person's commitment for treatment and the underlying criminal charges
be suspended for compassionate release.
SEC. 3. Section 2977 is added to the Penal Code, to read:
2977. A person committed to the care of the State Department of
State Hospitals because he or she is a mentally disordered offender,
including a person who is found not guilty by reason of insanity, is
eligible for compassionate release pursuant to Section 4146 of the
Welfare and Institutions Code. In any case in which the criteria for
compassionate release apply, the State Department of State Hospitals
shall follow the procedures and standards in Section 4146 of the
Welfare and Institutions Code to determine if the department should
recommend to the court that the person's commitment be suspended for
compassionate release. This section applies to persons committed for
treatment during parole and persons committed pursuant to Section
2970. If the person for whom compassionate release is recommended is
on parole, notice shall be given to the Board of Parole Hearings.
SEC. 4. Section 4146 is added to the Welfare and Institutions
Code, to read:
4146. (a) This section applies in cases in which a patient has
been committed to the department as a mentally disordered offender,
including a person found not guilty by reason of insanity, or a
person found incompetent to stand trial or be adjudged to punishment.
(b) (1) A physician employed by the department who determines that
a patient meets the criteria set forth in subparagraph (A) or (C) of
paragraph (5) shall notify the medical director and the patient
advocate of the prognosis. If the medical director concurs with the
diagnosis, he or she shall immediately notify the Director of State
Hospitals. Within 72 hours of receiving notification, the medical
director or the medical director's designee shall notify the patient
of the discharge procedures under this section and obtain the patient'
s consent for discharge. The medical director or the medical director'
s designee shall arrange for the patient to designate a family member
or other outside agent to be notified as to the patient's medical
condition, prognosis, and release procedures under this section. If
the patient is unable to designate a family member or other outside
agent, the medical director or the medical director's designee shall
contact any emergency contact listed, or the patient advocate if no
contact is listed.
(2) The medical director or the medical director's designee shall
provide the patient and his or her family member, agent, emergency
contact, or patient advocate with updated information throughout the
release process with regard to the patient's medical condition and
the status of the patient's release proceedings, including the
discharge plan. A patient shall not be released unless the discharge
plan verifies placement for the patient upon release.
(3) The patient or his or her family member or designee may
contact the medical director or the executive director at the state
hospital where the patient is located or the Director of State
Hospitals to request consideration for a recommendation from the
medical director or the medical director's designee to the court that
the patient's commitment be suspended for compassionate release and
the patient released from the department facility.
(4) Upon receipt of a notification or request pursuant to
paragraph (1) or (3), respectively, the Director of State Hospitals
may recommend to the court that the patient's commitment be suspended
for compassionate release and the patient released from the
department facility.
(5) The court has the discretion to suspend the commitment for
compassionate release and release the patient if the court finds that
the facts described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) or subparagraphs
(B) and (C) exist:
(A) The patient is terminally ill with an incurable condition
caused by an illness or disease that would likely produce death
within six months, as determined by a physician employed by the
department.
(B) The conditions under which the patient would be released or
receive treatment do not pose a threat to public safety.
(C) The patient is permanently medically incapacitated with a
medical condition that renders him or her permanently unable to
perform activities of basic daily living and results in the patient
requiring 24-hour total care, including, but not limited to, coma,
persistent vegetative state, brain death, ventilator-dependency, or
loss of control of muscular or neurological function, the
incapacitation did not exist at the time of the original commitment,
and the medical director responsible for the patient's care and the
Director of State Hospitals both certify that the patient is
incapable of receiving mental health treatment.
(c) Within 10 days of receipt of a recommendation for release by
the director, the court shall hold a noticed hearing to consider
whether the patient's commitment should be suspended and the patient
released.
(d) A recommendation for compassionate release submitted to the
court shall include at least one medical evaluation, a discharge
plan, a postrelease plan for the relocation and treatment of the
patient, and the physician's and medical director's determination
that the patient meets the criteria set forth in subparagraph (A) or
(C) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (b). The court shall order the
medical director to send copies of all medical records reviewed in
developing the recommendation to all of the following parties:
(1) The district attorney of the county from which the patient was
committed.
(2) If the patient is a mentally disordered offender on parole,
the district attorney of the county from which the patient was
committed to the state prison.
(3) The public defender of the county from which the patient was
committed, or the patient's private attorney, if one is available.
(4) If the patient is a mentally disordered offender on parole,
the public defender of the county from which the patient was
committed to the state prison, if one is available, or the patient's
private attorney, if applicable.
(5) If the patient is a mentally disordered offender on parole,
the Board of Parole Hearings.
(6) If the patient is on mandatory supervision or postrelease
community supervision and has been found incompetent to be adjudged
to punishment, the county entity designated to supervise him or her.
(e) (1) The matter shall be heard before the same judge that
originally committed the patient, if possible.
(2) If the patient is a mentally disordered offender on parole and
was committed for treatment by the Board of Parole Hearings, the
matter shall be heard by the court that committed the patient to the
state prison for the underlying conviction, if possible.
(f) If the court approves the recommendation for compassionate
release, the patient's commitment shall be suspended and the patient
shall be released by the department within 72 hours of receipt of the
court's order, unless a longer time period is requested by the
director and approved by the court.
(g) The executive director of the state hospital or his or her
designee shall ensure that upon release, the patient has each of the
following in his or her possession, or the possession of the patient'
s representative:
(1) A discharge plan.
(2) A discharge medical summary.
(3) Medical records.
(4) Identification.
(5) All necessary medications.
(6) Any property belonging to the patient.
(h) After discharge, any additional records shall be sent to the
patient's forwarding address.
(i) The Director of State Hospitals may adopt regulations to
implement this section. The adoption of regulations for the
implementation of this section by the department is exempt from the
Administrative Procedure Act (Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section
11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code).
(j) For the purposes of this section, a patient whose commitment
has been suspended for compassionate release shall not be considered
to be under the custody of, or the responsibility of, the State
Department of State Hospitals.
(k) If a patient's commitment order is suspended pursuant to this
section, it may be reinstated by the court pursuant to a finding by
the State Department of State Hospitals that the patient's condition
has changed such that he or she poses a threat to public safety, or
no longer meets the criteria for compassionate release described in
subparagraph (A) or (C) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (b).
(l) The State Department of State Hospitals, in consultation with
relevant stakeholders, including, but not limited to, local law
enforcement and correctional officials, shall promulgate regulations
in accordance with subdivision (i) to establish a process for
petitioning the court for reinstatement of a suspended commitment
order, pursuant to subdivision (k).
