Bill Text: CA AB1688 | 2015-2016 | Regular Session | Chaptered
Bill Title: Dependent children: out-of-county placement: notice.
Sponsorship: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1)
Status: (Passed) 2016-09-25 - Chaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 605, Statutes of 2016. [AB1688 Detail]
Download: California-2015-AB1688-Chaptered.html
BILL NUMBER: AB 1688 CHAPTERED
BILL TEXT
CHAPTER 605
FILED WITH SECRETARY OF STATE SEPTEMBER 25, 2016
APPROVED BY GOVERNOR SEPTEMBER 25, 2016
PASSED THE SENATE AUGUST 16, 2016
PASSED THE ASSEMBLY APRIL 28, 2016
INTRODUCED BY Assembly Member Rodriguez
JANUARY 21, 2016
An act to amend Section 361.2 of the Welfare and Institutions
Code, relating to juveniles.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
AB 1688, Rodriguez. Dependent children: out-of-county placement:
notice.
Existing law prohibits a social worker, when he or she must place
a dependent child outside the county, from making the placement until
he or she has served written notice on the parent or guardian at
least 14 days prior to the placement, except as specified. Existing
law authorizes the parent or guardian to object to the placement.
This bill would require that the notice also be served on the
child's attorney and, if the child is 10 years of age or older, on
the child, and would authorize the child to object to the placement.
By imposing additional duties on county social workers, this bill
would impose a state-mandated local program.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local
agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the
state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that
reimbursement.
This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this
act for a specified reason.
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. Section 361.2 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, as
added by Section 48 of Chapter 773 of the Statutes of 2015, is
amended to read:
361.2. (a) When a court orders removal of a child pursuant to
Section 361, the court shall first determine whether there is a
parent of the child, with whom the child was not residing at the time
that the events or conditions arose that brought the child within
the provisions of Section 300, who desires to assume custody of the
child. If that parent requests custody, the court shall place the
child with the parent unless it finds that placement with that parent
would be detrimental to the safety, protection, or physical or
emotional well-being of the child. The fact that the parent is
enrolled in a certified substance abuse treatment facility that
allows a dependent child to reside with his or her parent shall not
be, for that reason alone, prima facie evidence that placement with
that parent would be detrimental.
(b) If the court places the child with that parent it may do any
of the following:
(1) Order that the parent become legal and physical custodian of
the child. The court may also provide reasonable visitation by the
noncustodial parent. The court shall then terminate its jurisdiction
over the child. The custody order shall continue unless modified by a
subsequent order of the superior court. The order of the juvenile
court shall be filed in any domestic relation proceeding between the
parents.
(2) Order that the parent assume custody subject to the
jurisdiction of the juvenile court and require that a home visit be
conducted within three months. In determining whether to take the
action described in this paragraph, the court shall consider any
concerns that have been raised by the child's current caregiver
regarding the parent. After the social worker conducts the home visit
and files his or her report with the court, the court may then take
the action described in paragraph (1), (3), or this paragraph.
However, nothing in this paragraph shall be interpreted to imply that
the court is required to take the action described in this paragraph
as a prerequisite to the court taking the action described in either
paragraph (1) or (3).
(3) Order that the parent assume custody subject to the
supervision of the juvenile court. In that case the court may order
that reunification services be provided to the parent or guardian
from whom the child is being removed, or the court may order that
services be provided solely to the parent who is assuming physical
custody in order to allow that parent to retain later custody without
court supervision, or that services be provided to both parents, in
which case the court shall determine, at review hearings held
pursuant to Section 366, which parent, if either, shall have custody
of the child.
(c) The court shall make a finding either in writing or on the
record of the basis for its determination under subdivisions (a) and
(b).
(d) Part 6 (commencing with Section 7950) of Division 12 of the
Family Code shall apply to the placement of a child pursuant to
paragraphs (1) and (2) of subdivision (e).
(e) When the court orders removal pursuant to Section 361, the
court shall order the care, custody, control, and conduct of the
child to be under the supervision of the social worker who may place
the child in any of the following:
(1) The home of a noncustodial parent as described in subdivision
(a), regardless of the parent's immigration status.
(2) The approved home of a relative, regardless of the relative's
immigration status.
(3) The approved home of a nonrelative extended family member as
defined in Section 362.7.
(4) The approved home of a resource family as defined in Section
16519.5.
(5) A foster home considering first a foster home in which the
child has been placed before an interruption in foster care, if that
placement is in the best interest of the child and space is
available.
(6) A home or facility in accordance with the federal Indian Child
Welfare Act (25 U.S.C. Sec. 1901 et seq.).
(7) A suitable licensed community care facility, except a runaway
and homeless youth shelter licensed by the State Department of Social
Services pursuant to Section 1502.35 of the Health and Safety Code.
(8) With a foster family agency, as defined in subdivision (g) of
Section 11400 and paragraph (4) of subdivision (a) of Section 1502 of
the Health and Safety Code, to be placed in a suitable family home
certified or approved by the agency.
(9) A child of any age who is placed in a community care facility
licensed as a group home for children or a short-term residential
treatment center, as defined in subdivision (ad) of Section 11400 and
paragraph (18) of subdivision (a) of Section 1502 of the Health and
Safety Code, shall have a case plan that indicates that placement is
for purposes of providing short term, specialized, and intensive
treatment for the child, the case plan specifies the need for, nature
of, and anticipated duration of this treatment, pursuant to
paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 16501.1, and the case
plan includes transitioning the child to a less restrictive
environment and the projected timeline by which the child will be
transitioned to a less restrictive environment. If the placement is
longer than six months, the placement shall be documented consistent
with paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 16501.1 and shall be
approved by the deputy director or director of the county child
welfare department.
(A) A child under six years of age shall not be placed in a
community care facility licensed as a group home for children, or a
short-term residential treatment center, except under the following
circumstances:
(i) When the facility meets the applicable regulations adopted
under Section 1530.8 of the Health and Safety Code and standards
developed pursuant to Section 11467.1 of this code, and the deputy
director or director of the county child welfare department has
approved the case plan.
(ii) The short term, specialized, and intensive treatment period
shall not exceed 120 days, unless the county has made progress toward
or is actively working toward implementing the case plan that
identifies the services or supports necessary to transition the child
to a family setting, circumstances beyond the county's control have
prevented the county from obtaining those services or supports within
the timeline documented in the case plan, and the need for
additional time pursuant to the case plan is documented by the
caseworker and approved by a deputy director or director of the
county child welfare department.
(iii) To the extent that placements pursuant to this paragraph are
extended beyond an initial 120 days, the requirements of clauses (i)
and (ii) shall apply to each extension. In addition, the deputy
director or director of the county child welfare department shall
approve the continued placement no less frequently than every 60
days.
(iv) In addition, when a case plan indicates that placement is for
purposes of providing family reunification services. The facility
shall offer family reunification services that meet the needs of the
individual child and his or her family, permit parents to have
reasonable access to their children 24 hours a day, encourage
extensive parental involvement in meeting the daily needs of their
children, and employ staff trained to provide family reunification
services. In addition, one of the following conditions exists:
(I) The child's parent is also under the jurisdiction of the court
and resides in the facility.
(II) The child's parent is participating in a treatment program
affiliated with the facility and the child's placement in the
facility facilitates the coordination and provision of reunification
services.
(III) Placement in the facility is the only alternative that
permits the parent to have daily 24-hour access to the child in
accordance with the case plan, to participate fully in meeting all of
the daily needs of the child, including feeding and personal
hygiene, and to have access to necessary reunification services.
(B) A child who is 6 to 12 years of age, inclusive, may be placed
in a community care facility licensed as a group home for children or
a short-term residential treatment center under the following
conditions.
(i) The short-term, specialized, and intensive treatment period
shall not exceed six months, unless the county has made progress or
is actively working toward implementing the case plan that identifies
the services or supports necessary to transition the child to a
family setting, circumstances beyond the county's control have
prevented the county from obtaining those services or supports within
the timeline documented in the case plan, and the need for
additional time pursuant to the case plan is documented by the
caseworker and approved by a deputy director or director of the
county child welfare department.
(ii) To the extent that placements pursuant to this paragraph are
extended beyond an initial six months, the requirements of this
subparagraph shall apply to each extension. In addition, the deputy
director or director of the county child welfare department shall
approve the continued placement no less frequently than every 60
days.
(10) Any child placed in a short-term residential treatment center
shall be either of the following:
(A) A child who has been assessed as meeting one of the placement
requirements set forth in subdivisions (d) and (e) of Section
11462.01.
(B) A child under 6 years of age who is placed with his or her
minor parent or for the purpose of reunification pursuant to clause
(iv) of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (9).
(11) Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to allow a
social worker to place any dependent child outside the United States,
except as specified in subdivision (f).
(f) (1) A child under the supervision of a social worker pursuant
to subdivision (e) shall not be placed outside the United States
prior to a judicial finding that the placement is in the best
interest of the child, except as required by federal law or treaty.
(2) The party or agency requesting placement of the child outside
the United States shall carry the burden of proof and shall show, by
clear and convincing evidence, that placement outside the United
States is in the best interest of the child.
(3) In determining the best interest of the child, the court shall
consider, but not be limited to, the following factors:
(A) Placement with a relative.
(B) Placement of siblings in the same home.
(C) Amount and nature of any contact between the child and the
potential guardian or caretaker.
(D) Physical and medical needs of the dependent child.
(E) Psychological and emotional needs of the dependent child.
(F) Social, cultural, and educational needs of the dependent
child.
(G) Specific desires of any dependent child who is 12 years of age
or older.
(4) If the court finds that a placement outside the United States
is, by clear and convincing evidence, in the best interest of the
child, the court may issue an order authorizing the social worker to
make a placement outside the United States. A child subject to this
subdivision shall not leave the United States prior to the issuance
of the order described in this paragraph.
(5) For purposes of this subdivision, "outside the United States"
shall not include the lands of any federally recognized American
Indian tribe or Alaskan Natives.
(6) This subdivision shall not apply to the placement of a
dependent child with a parent pursuant to subdivision (a).
(g) (1) If the child is taken from the physical custody of the
child's parent or guardian and unless the child is placed with
relatives, the child shall be placed in foster care in the county of
residence of the child's parent or guardian in order to facilitate
reunification of the family.
(2) In the event that there are no appropriate placements
available in the parent's or guardian's county of residence, a
placement may be made in an appropriate place in another county,
preferably a county located adjacent to the parent's or guardian's
community of residence.
(3) Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as requiring
multiple disruptions of the child's placement corresponding to
frequent changes of residence by the parent or guardian. In
determining whether the child should be moved, the social worker
shall take into consideration the potential harmful effects of
disrupting the placement of the child and the parent's or guardian's
reason for the move.
(4) When it has been determined that it is necessary for a child
to be placed in a county other than the child's parent's or guardian'
s county of residence, the specific reason the out-of-county
placement is necessary shall be documented in the child's case plan.
If the reason the out-of-county placement is necessary is the lack of
resources in the sending county to meet the specific needs of the
child, those specific resource needs shall be documented in the case
plan.
(5) When it has been determined that a child is to be placed out
of county either in a group home or with a foster family agency for
subsequent placement in a certified foster family home, and the
sending county is to maintain responsibility for supervision and
visitation of the child, the sending county shall develop a plan of
supervision and visitation that specifies the supervision and
visitation activities to be performed and specifies that the sending
county is responsible for performing those activities. In addition to
the plan of supervision and visitation, the sending county shall
document information regarding any known or suspected dangerous
behavior of the child that indicates the child may pose a safety
concern in the receiving county. Upon implementation of the Child
Welfare Services Case Management System, the plan of supervision and
visitation, as well as information regarding any known or suspected
dangerous behavior of the child, shall be made available to the
receiving county upon placement of the child in the receiving county.
If placement occurs on a weekend or holiday, the information shall
be made available to the receiving county on or before the end of the
next business day.
(6) When it has been determined that a child is to be placed out
of county and the sending county plans that the receiving county
shall be responsible for the supervision and visitation of the child,
the sending county shall develop a formal agreement between the
sending and receiving counties. The formal agreement shall specify
the supervision and visitation to be provided the child, and shall
specify that the receiving county is responsible for providing the
supervision and visitation. The formal agreement shall be approved
and signed by the sending and receiving counties prior to placement
of the child in the receiving county. In addition, upon completion of
the case plan, the sending county shall provide a copy of the
completed case plan to the receiving county. The case plan shall
include information regarding any known or suspected dangerous
behavior of the child that indicates the child may pose a safety
concern to the receiving county.
(h) Whenever the social worker must change the placement of the
child and is unable to find a suitable placement within the county
and must place the child outside the county, the placement shall not
be made until he or she has served written notice on the parent or
guardian, the child's attorney, and, if the child is 10 years of age
or older, on the child, at least 14 days prior to the placement,
unless the child's health or well-being is endangered by delaying the
action or would be endangered if prior notice were given. The notice
shall state the reasons that require placement outside the county.
The child or parent or guardian may object to the placement not later
than seven days after receipt of the notice and, upon objection, the
court shall hold a hearing not later than five days after the
objection and prior to the placement. The court shall order
out-of-county placement if it finds that the child's particular needs
require placement outside the county.
(i) If the court has ordered removal of the child from the
physical custody of his or her parents pursuant to Section 361, the
court shall consider whether the family ties and best interest of the
child will be served by granting visitation rights to the child's
grandparents. The court shall clearly specify those rights to the
social worker.
(j) If the court has ordered removal of the child from the
physical custody of his or her parents pursuant to Section 361, the
court shall consider whether there are any siblings under the court's
jurisdiction, or any nondependent siblings in the physical custody
of a parent subject to the court's jurisdiction, the nature of the
relationship between the child and his or her siblings, the
appropriateness of developing or maintaining the sibling
relationships pursuant to Section 16002, and the impact of the
sibling relationships on the child's placement and planning for legal
permanence.
(k) (1) An agency shall ensure placement of a child in a home
that, to the fullest extent possible, best meets the day-to-day needs
of the child. A home that best meets the day-to-day needs of the
child shall satisfy all of the following criteria:
(A) The child's caregiver is able to meet the day-to-day health,
safety, and well-being needs of the child.
(B) The child's caregiver is permitted to maintain the least
restrictive family setting that promotes normal childhood experiences
and that serves the day-to-day needs of the child.
(C) The child is permitted to engage in reasonable,
age-appropriate day-to-day activities that promote normal childhood
experiences for the foster child.
(2) The foster child's caregiver shall use a reasonable and
prudent parent standard, as defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision
(a) of Section 362.04, to determine day-to-day activities that are
age appropriate to meet the needs of the child. Nothing in this
section shall be construed to permit a child's caregiver to permit
the child to engage in day-to-day activities that carry an
unreasonable risk of harm, or subject the child to abuse or neglect.
(l) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2017.
SEC. 2. To the extent that this act has an overall effect of
increasing the costs already borne by a local agency for programs or
levels of service mandated by the 2011 Realignment Legislation within
the meaning of Section 36 of Article XIII of the California
Constitution, it shall apply to local agencies only to the extent
that the state provides annual funding for the cost increase. Any new
program or higher level of service provided by a local agency
pursuant to this act above the level for which funding has been
provided shall not require a subvention of funds by the state nor
otherwise be subject to Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California
Constitution.
