Bill Text: TX HB384 | 2019-2020 | 86th Legislature | Introduced

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Bill Title: Relating to an exemption from ad valorem taxation of the total appraised value of the residence homesteads of certain elderly persons and their surviving spouses.

Sponsorship: Slight Partisan Bill (Republican 2-1)

Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2019-04-24 - Left pending in committee [HB384 Detail]

Download: Texas-2019-HB384-Introduced.html

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86R1629 SMH/CAE-D
By: Bohac H.B. No. 384

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
relating to an exemption from ad valorem taxation of the total
appraised value of the residence homesteads of certain elderly
persons and their surviving spouses.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1. Section 11.13, Tax Code, is amended by amending
Subsection (i) and adding Subsections (s) and (t) to read as
follows:
(i) The assessor and collector for a taxing unit may
disregard the exemptions authorized by Subsection (b), (c), (d),
[or] (n), (s), or (t) [of this section] and assess and collect a tax
pledged for payment of debt without deducting the amount of the
exemption if:
(1) prior to adoption of the exemption, the unit
pledged the taxes for the payment of a debt; and
(2) granting the exemption would impair the obligation
of the contract creating the debt.
(s) In addition to any other exemptions provided by this
section, an individual is entitled to an exemption from taxation of
the total appraised value of the individual's residence homestead
if:
(1) the individual is 80 years of age or older; and
(2) the individual has received an exemption under
this section for the residence homestead for at least the preceding
10 years.
(t) The surviving spouse of an individual who qualified for
an exemption under Subsection (s) is entitled to an exemption from
taxation of the total appraised value of the same property to which
the deceased spouse's exemption applied if:
(1) the deceased spouse died in a year in which the
deceased spouse qualified for the exemption;
(2) the surviving spouse was 55 years of age or older
when the deceased spouse died; and
(3) the property was the residence homestead of the
surviving spouse when the deceased spouse died and remains the
residence homestead of the surviving spouse.
SECTION 2. Section 11.42(c), Tax Code, is amended to read as
follows:
(c) An exemption authorized by Section 11.13(c), [or] (d),
or (s), 11.132, 11.133, or 11.134 is effective as of January 1 of
the tax year in which the person qualifies for the exemption and
applies to the entire tax year.
SECTION 3. Sections 11.43(k), (l), (m), (o), and (q), Tax
Code, are amended to read as follows:
(k) A person who qualifies for an exemption authorized by
Section 11.13(c), [or] (d), or (s) or 11.132 must apply for the
exemption no later than the first anniversary of the date the person
qualified for the exemption.
(l) The form for an application under Section 11.13 must
include a space for the applicant to state the applicant's date of
birth. Failure to provide the date of birth does not affect the
applicant's eligibility for an exemption under that section, other
than an exemption under Section 11.13(c) or (d) for an individual 65
years of age or older or an exemption under Section 11.13(s) for an
individual 80 years of age or older.
(m) Notwithstanding Subsections (a) and (k), a person who
receives an exemption under Section 11.13, other than an exemption
under Section 11.13(c) or (d) for an individual 65 years of age or
older or an exemption under Section 11.13(s) for an individual 80
years of age or older, in a tax year is entitled to receive an
exemption under Section 11.13(c) or (d) for an individual 65 years
of age or older or an exemption under Section 11.13(s) for an
individual 80 years of age or older in the next tax year on the same
property without applying for the exemption if the person becomes
65 or 80 years of age, as applicable, in that next year as shown by:
(1) information in the records of the appraisal
district that was provided to the appraisal district by the
individual in an application for an exemption under Section 11.13
on the property or in correspondence relating to the property; or
(2) the information provided by the Texas Department
of Public Safety to the appraisal district under Section 521.049,
Transportation Code.
(o) The application form for an exemption authorized by
Section 11.13 must require an applicant for an exemption under
Subsection (c), [or] (d), or (s) of that section who is not
specifically identified on a deed or other appropriate instrument
recorded in the applicable real property records as an owner of the
residence homestead to provide an affidavit or other compelling
evidence establishing the applicant's ownership of an interest in
the homestead.
(q) A chief appraiser may not cancel an exemption under
Section 11.13 that is received by an individual who is 65 years of
age or older without first providing written notice of the
cancellation to the individual receiving the exemption. The notice
must include a form on which the individual may indicate whether the
individual is qualified to receive the exemption and a
self-addressed postage prepaid envelope with instructions for
returning the form to the chief appraiser. The chief appraiser
shall consider the individual's response on the form in determining
whether to continue to allow the exemption. If the chief appraiser
does not receive a response on or before the 60th day after the date
the notice is mailed, the chief appraiser may cancel the exemption
on or after the 30th day after the expiration of the 60-day period,
but only after making a reasonable effort to locate the individual
and determine whether the individual is qualified to receive the
exemption. For purposes of this subsection, sending an additional
notice of cancellation that includes, in bold font equal to or
greater in size than the surrounding text, the date on which the
chief appraiser is authorized to cancel the exemption to the
individual receiving the exemption immediately after the
expiration of the 60-day period by first class mail in an envelope
on which is written, in all capital letters, "RETURN SERVICE
REQUESTED," or another appropriate statement directing the United
States Postal Service to return the notice if it is not deliverable
as addressed, or providing the additional notice in another manner
that the chief appraiser determines is appropriate, constitutes a
reasonable effort on the part of the chief appraiser. This
subsection does not apply to an exemption under Section 11.13(c) or
(d) for an individual 65 years of age or older or an exemption under
Section 11.13(s) for an individual 80 years of age or older that is
canceled because the chief appraiser determines that the individual
receiving the exemption no longer owns the property subject to the
exemption.
SECTION 4. Section 26.10(b), Tax Code, is amended to read as
follows:
(b) If the appraisal roll shows that a residence homestead
exemption under Section 11.13(c), [or] (d), or (s), 11.132, 11.133,
or 11.134 applicable to a property on January 1 of a year terminated
during the year and if the owner of the property qualifies a
different property for one of those residence homestead exemptions
during the same year, the tax due against the former residence
homestead is calculated by:
(1) subtracting:
(A) the amount of the taxes that otherwise would
be imposed on the former residence homestead for the entire year had
the owner qualified for the residence homestead exemption for the
entire year; from
(B) the amount of the taxes that otherwise would
be imposed on the former residence homestead for the entire year had
the owner not qualified for the residence homestead exemption
during the year;
(2) multiplying the remainder determined under
Subdivision (1) by a fraction, the denominator of which is 365 and
the numerator of which is the number of days that elapsed after the
date the exemption terminated; and
(3) adding the product determined under Subdivision
(2) and the amount described by Subdivision (1)(A).
SECTION 5. Section 26.112, Tax Code, is amended to read as
follows:
Sec. 26.112. CALCULATION OF TAXES ON RESIDENCE HOMESTEAD OF
CERTAIN PERSONS. (a) Except as provided by Section 26.10(b), if
at any time during a tax year property is owned by an individual who
qualifies for an exemption under Section 11.13(c), [or] (d), or
(s), 11.133, or 11.134, the amount of the tax due on the property
for the tax year is calculated as if the individual qualified for
the exemption on January 1 and continued to qualify for the
exemption for the remainder of the tax year.
(b) If an individual qualifies for an exemption under
Section 11.13(c), [or] (d), or (s), 11.133, or 11.134 with respect
to the property after the amount of the tax due on the property is
calculated and the effect of the qualification is to reduce the
amount of the tax due on the property, the assessor for each taxing
unit shall recalculate the amount of the tax due on the property and
correct the tax roll. If the tax bill has been mailed and the tax on
the property has not been paid, the assessor shall mail a corrected
tax bill to the person in whose name the property is listed on the
tax roll or to the person's authorized agent. If the tax on the
property has been paid, the tax collector for the taxing unit shall
refund to the person who paid the tax the amount by which the
payment exceeded the tax due.
SECTION 6. Section 33.01(d), Tax Code, is amended to read as
follows:
(d) In lieu of the penalty imposed under Subsection (a), a
delinquent tax incurs a penalty of 50 percent of the amount of the
tax without regard to the number of months the tax has been
delinquent if the tax is delinquent because the property owner
received an exemption under:
(1) Section 11.13 and the chief appraiser subsequently
cancels the exemption because the residence was not the principal
residence of the property owner and the property owner received an
exemption for two or more additional residence homesteads for the
tax year in which the tax was imposed;
(2) Section 11.13(c) or (d) for a person who is 65
years of age or older and the chief appraiser subsequently cancels
the exemption because the property owner was younger than 65 years
of age; [or]
(3) Section 11.13(s) for a person who is 80 years of
age or older and the chief appraiser subsequently cancels the
exemption because the property owner was younger than 80 years of
age; or
(4) Section 11.13(q) or (t) and the chief appraiser
subsequently cancels the exemption because the property owner was
younger than 55 years of age when the property owner's spouse died.
SECTION 7. Subchapter A, Chapter 41, Education Code, is
amended by adding Section 41.0012 to read as follows:
Sec. 41.0012. COMPUTATION OF WEALTH PER STUDENT FOR
2020-2021 SCHOOL YEAR. Notwithstanding any other provision of this
chapter, in computing a school district's wealth per student for
the 2020-2021 school year, a school district's taxable value of
property under Subchapter M, Chapter 403, Government Code, is
determined as if the residence homestead exemption for a person 80
years of age or older or the person's surviving spouse under Section
1-b(q), Article VIII, Texas Constitution, as proposed by the 86th
Legislature, Regular Session, 2019, had been in effect for the 2019
tax year. This section expires September 1, 2021.
SECTION 8. Section 42.2518, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsection (a-2) and amending Subsection (b) to read as
follows:
(a-2) Beginning with the 2020-2021 school year, in addition
to state aid a school district is entitled to under Subsection (a),
a school district is also entitled to additional state aid to the
extent that state and local revenue under this chapter and Chapter
41 is less than the state and local revenue that would have been
available to the district under Chapter 41 and this chapter as those
chapters existed on September 1, 2019, if the residence homestead
exemption for a person 80 years of age or older or the person's
surviving spouse under Section 1-b(q), Article VIII, Texas
Constitution, as proposed by the joint resolution to add that
subsection adopted by the 86th Legislature, Regular Session, 2019,
had not been adopted.
(b) The lesser of the school district's currently adopted
maintenance and operations tax rate or the adopted maintenance and
operations tax rate for:
(1) the 2014 tax year is used for the purpose of
determining additional state aid under Subsection (a); and
(2) the 2019 tax year is used for the purpose of
determining additional state aid under Subsection (a-2) [this
section].
SECTION 9. Section 42.252, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsection (f) to read as follows:
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, in
computing each school district's local share of program cost under
this section for the 2020-2021 school year, a school district's
taxable value of property under Subchapter M, Chapter 403,
Government Code, is determined as if the residence homestead
exemption for a person 80 years of age or older or the person's
surviving spouse under Section 1-b(q), Article VIII, Texas
Constitution, as proposed by the 86th Legislature, Regular Session,
2019, had been in effect for the 2019 tax year. This subsection
expires September 1, 2021.
SECTION 10. Section 42.302, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsection (h) to read as follows:
(h) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, in
computing a school district's enrichment tax rate ("DTR") and local
revenue ("LR") for the 2020-2021 school year, a school district's
taxable value of property under Subchapter M, Chapter 403,
Government Code, is determined as if the residence homestead
exemption for a person 80 years of age or older or the person's
surviving spouse under Section 1-b(q), Article VIII, Texas
Constitution, as proposed by the 86th Legislature, Regular Session,
2019, had been in effect for the 2019 tax year. This subsection
expires September 1, 2021.
SECTION 11. Section 44.004(c), Education Code, is amended
to read as follows:
(c) The notice of public meeting to discuss and adopt the
budget and the proposed tax rate may not be smaller than one-quarter
page of a standard-size or a tabloid-size newspaper, and the
headline on the notice must be in 18-point or larger type. Subject
to Subsection (d), the notice must:
(1) contain a statement in the following form:
"NOTICE OF PUBLIC MEETING TO DISCUSS BUDGET AND PROPOSED TAX RATE
"The (name of school district) will hold a public meeting at
(time, date, year) in (name of room, building, physical location,
city, state). The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the school
district's budget that will determine the tax rate that will be
adopted. Public participation in the discussion is invited." The
statement of the purpose of the meeting must be in bold type. In
reduced type, the notice must state: "The tax rate that is
ultimately adopted at this meeting or at a separate meeting at a
later date may not exceed the proposed rate shown below unless the
district publishes a revised notice containing the same information
and comparisons set out below and holds another public meeting to
discuss the revised notice.";
(2) contain a section entitled "Comparison of Proposed
Budget with Last Year's Budget," which must show the difference,
expressed as a percent increase or decrease, as applicable, in the
amounts budgeted for the preceding fiscal year and the amount
budgeted for the fiscal year that begins in the current tax year for
each of the following:
(A) maintenance and operations;
(B) debt service; and
(C) total expenditures;
(3) contain a section entitled "Total Appraised Value
and Total Taxable Value," which must show the total appraised value
and the total taxable value of all property and the total appraised
value and the total taxable value of new property taxable by the
district in the preceding tax year and the current tax year as
calculated under Section 26.04, Tax Code;
(4) contain a statement of the total amount of the
outstanding and unpaid bonded indebtedness of the school district;
(5) contain a section entitled "Comparison of Proposed
Rates with Last Year's Rates," which must:
(A) show in rows the tax rates described by
Subparagraphs (i)-(iii), expressed as amounts per $100 valuation of
property, for columns entitled "Maintenance & Operations,"
"Interest & Sinking Fund," and "Total," which is the sum of
"Maintenance & Operations" and "Interest & Sinking Fund":
(i) the school district's "Last Year's
Rate";
(ii) the "Rate to Maintain Same Level of
Maintenance & Operations Revenue & Pay Debt Service," which:
(a) in the case of "Maintenance &
Operations," is the tax rate that, when applied to the current
taxable value for the district, as certified by the chief appraiser
under Section 26.01, Tax Code, and as adjusted to reflect changes
made by the chief appraiser as of the time the notice is prepared,
would impose taxes in an amount that, when added to state funds to
be distributed to the district under Chapter 42, would provide the
same amount of maintenance and operations taxes and state funds
distributed under Chapter 42 per student in average daily
attendance for the applicable school year that was available to the
district in the preceding school year; and
(b) in the case of "Interest & Sinking
Fund," is the tax rate that, when applied to the current taxable
value for the district, as certified by the chief appraiser under
Section 26.01, Tax Code, and as adjusted to reflect changes made by
the chief appraiser as of the time the notice is prepared, and when
multiplied by the district's anticipated collection rate, would
impose taxes in an amount that, when added to state funds to be
distributed to the district under Chapter 46 and any excess taxes
collected to service the district's debt during the preceding tax
year but not used for that purpose during that year, would provide
the amount required to service the district's debt; and
(iii) the "Proposed Rate";
(B) contain fourth and fifth columns aligned with
the columns required by Paragraph (A) that show, for each row
required by Paragraph (A):
(i) the "Local Revenue per Student," which
is computed by multiplying the district's total taxable value of
property, as certified by the chief appraiser for the applicable
school year under Section 26.01, Tax Code, and as adjusted to
reflect changes made by the chief appraiser as of the time the
notice is prepared, by the total tax rate, and dividing the product
by the number of students in average daily attendance in the
district for the applicable school year; and
(ii) the "State Revenue per Student," which
is computed by determining the amount of state aid received or to be
received by the district under Chapters 42, 43, and 46 and dividing
that amount by the number of students in average daily attendance in
the district for the applicable school year; and
(C) contain an asterisk after each calculation
for "Interest & Sinking Fund" and a footnote to the section that, in
reduced type, states "The Interest & Sinking Fund tax revenue is
used to pay for bonded indebtedness on construction, equipment, or
both. The bonds, and the tax rate necessary to pay those bonds, were
approved by the voters of this district.";
(6) contain a section entitled "Comparison of Proposed
Levy with Last Year's Levy on Average Residence," which must:
(A) show in rows the information described by
Subparagraphs (i)-(iv), rounded to the nearest dollar, for columns
entitled "Last Year" and "This Year":
(i) "Average Market Value of Residences,"
determined using the same group of residences for each year;
(ii) "Average Taxable Value of Residences,"
determined after taking into account the limitation on the
appraised value of residences under Section 23.23, Tax Code, and
after subtracting all homestead exemptions applicable in each year,
other than exemptions available only to disabled persons, [or]
persons 65 years of age or older or their surviving spouses, or
persons 80 years of age or older or their surviving spouses, and
using the same group of residences for each year;
(iii) "Last Year's Rate Versus Proposed
Rate per $100 Value"; and
(iv) "Taxes Due on Average Residence,"
determined using the same group of residences for each year; and
(B) contain the following
information: "Increase (Decrease) in Taxes" expressed in dollars
and cents, which is computed by subtracting the "Taxes Due on
Average Residence" for the preceding tax year from the "Taxes Due on
Average Residence" for the current tax year;
(7) contain the following statement in bold
print: "Under state law, the dollar amount of school taxes imposed
on the residence of a person 65 years of age or older or of the
surviving spouse of such a person, if the surviving spouse was 55
years of age or older when the person died, may not be increased
above the amount paid in the first year after the person turned 65,
regardless of changes in tax rate or property value.";
(8) contain the following statement in bold
print: "Notice of Rollback Rate: The highest tax rate the
district can adopt before requiring voter approval at an election
is (the school district rollback rate determined under Section
26.08, Tax Code). This election will be automatically held if the
district adopts a rate in excess of the rollback rate of (the school
district rollback rate)."; [and]
(9) contain a section entitled "Fund Balances," which
must include the estimated amount of interest and sinking fund
balances and the estimated amount of maintenance and operation or
general fund balances remaining at the end of the current fiscal
year that are not encumbered with or by corresponding debt
obligation, less estimated funds necessary for the operation of the
district before the receipt of the first payment under Chapter 42 in
the succeeding school year; and
(10) contain the following statement in bold
print: "Under state law, the residence of a person 80 years of age
or older or of the surviving spouse of such a person, if the
surviving spouse was 55 years of age or older when the person died,
is exempt from taxes."
SECTION 12. Section 46.003, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsection (j) to read as follows:
(j) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, in
computing a district's bond tax rate ("BTR") and taxable value of
property ("DPV") for the 2020-2021 school year, a school district's
taxable value of property under Subchapter M, Chapter 403,
Government Code, is determined as if the residence homestead
exemption for a person 80 years of age or older or the person's
surviving spouse under Section 1-b(q), Article VIII, Texas
Constitution, as proposed by the 86th Legislature, Regular Session,
2019, had been in effect for the 2019 tax year. This subsection
expires September 1, 2021.
SECTION 13. Section 46.032, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsection (e) to read as follows:
(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, in
computing a district's existing debt tax rate ("EDTR") and taxable
value of property ("DPV") for the 2020-2021 school year, a school
district's taxable value of property under Subchapter M, Chapter
403, Government Code, is determined as if the residence homestead
exemption for a person 80 years of age or older or the person's
surviving spouse under Section 1-b(q), Article VIII, Texas
Constitution, as proposed by the 86th Legislature, Regular Session,
2019, had been in effect for the 2019 tax year. This subsection
expires September 1, 2021.
SECTION 14. Section 46.071, Education Code, is amended by
adding Subsection (a-2) and amending Subsections (b) and (c) to
read as follows:
(a-2) Beginning with the 2020-2021 school year, in addition
to state aid a school district is entitled to under Subsection (a),
a school district is also entitled to additional state aid under
this subchapter to the extent that state and local revenue used to
service debt eligible under this chapter is less than the state and
local revenue that would have been available to the district under
this chapter as it existed on September 1, 2019, if the residence
homestead exemption for a person 80 years of age or older or the
person's surviving spouse under Section 1-b(q), Article VIII, Texas
Constitution, as proposed by the 86th Legislature, Regular Session,
2019, had not been adopted.
(b) Subject to Subsections (c)-(e), additional state aid
under this section is equal to the amount by which the loss of local
interest and sinking revenue for debt service attributable to the
increase in the residence homestead exemption under Section 1-b(c),
Article VIII, Texas Constitution, and the additional limitation on
tax increases under Section 1-b(d) of that article as proposed by
S.J.R. 1, 84th Legislature, Regular Session, 2015, and the
residence homestead exemption under Section 1-b(q), Article VIII,
Texas Constitution, as proposed by the 86th Legislature, Regular
Session, 2019, is not offset by a gain in state aid under this
chapter.
(c) For the purpose of determining state aid under
Subsection (a) or (a-2) [this section], local interest and sinking
revenue for debt service is limited to revenue required to service
debt eligible under this chapter as of September 1, 2015, or as of
September 1, 2019, respectively, including refunding of the
applicable [that] debt, subject to Section 46.061. The limitation
imposed by Section 46.034(a) does not apply for the purpose of
determining state aid under Subsection (a) or (a-2) [this section].
SECTION 15. Section 403.302(d-1), Government Code, is
amended to read as follows:
(d-1) For purposes of Subsection (d), a residence homestead
that receives an exemption under Section 11.13(s) or (t), 11.131,
11.133, or 11.134, Tax Code, in the year that is the subject of the
study is not considered to be taxable property.
SECTION 16. The exemptions from ad valorem taxation of a
residence homestead authorized by Sections 11.13(s) and (t), Tax
Code, as added by this Act, apply only to taxes imposed beginning
with the 2020 tax year.
SECTION 17. This Act takes effect January 1, 2020, but only
if the constitutional amendment proposed by the 86th Legislature,
Regular Session, 2019, to exempt from ad valorem taxation the total
market value of the residence homesteads of certain elderly persons
and their surviving spouses is approved by the voters. If that
constitutional amendment is not approved by the voters, this Act
has no effect.