Bill Text: CA AB1771 | 2017-2018 | Regular Session | Amended
NOTE: There are more recent revisions of this legislation. Read Latest Draft
Bill Title: Planning and zoning: regional housing needs assessment.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)
Status: (Passed) 2018-09-30 - Chaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 989, Statutes of 2018. [AB1771 Detail]
Download: California-2017-AB1771-Amended.html
develop develop, in consultation with the department, a proposed methodology for distributing the existing and projected regional housing need to cities, counties, and cities and counties within the region or within the subregion, where applicable pursuant to this section. The methodology shall further the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584.
Bill Title: Planning and zoning: regional housing needs assessment.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)
Status: (Passed) 2018-09-30 - Chaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 989, Statutes of 2018. [AB1771 Detail]
Download: California-2017-AB1771-Amended.html
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Amended
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Senate
June 20, 2018 |
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Amended
IN
Assembly
May 25, 2018 |
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Amended
IN
Assembly
April 17, 2018 |
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Amended
IN
Assembly
March 19, 2018 |
CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE—
2017–2018 REGULAR SESSION
| Assembly Bill | No. 1771 |
| Introduced by Assembly Member Bloom |
January 04, 2018 |
An act to amend Sections 65584, 65584.04, and 65584.05 of, and to add Section 65584.08 to, the Government Code, relating to housing.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
AB 1771, as amended, Bloom.
Planning and zoning: regional housing needs assessment.
(1) The Planning and Zoning Law requires counties and cities to adopt a comprehensive, long-term plan for the physical development of the county or city and certain land outside its boundaries that includes, among other specified mandatory elements, a housing element. That law, for the fourth and subsequent revisions of the housing element, requires the Department of Housing and Community Development to determine the existing and projected need for housing for each region in accordance with specified requirements. That law requires the appropriate council of governments, or, for cities and counties without a council of governments, the department, to adopt a final regional housing need allocation plan that allocates a share of the regional housing need to each city, county, or city and county and is consistent with specified objectives, including that the plan
increase the housing supply and the mix of housing types, tenure, and affordability in all cities and counties within the region in an equitable manner. Existing law defines the term “household income levels” for purposes of these provisions.
This bill would revise the objectives required to be addressed in the regional housing needs allocation plan and additionally require the plan to include an objective to increase access to areas of high opportunity for lower-income residents, while avoiding displacement and affirmatively furthering fair housing. The bill would also define the term “areas of high opportunity for lower-income residents” for purposes of these provisions.
(2) Existing law requires actions by local agencies related to the regional housing needs allocation plan to be consistent with those specified objectives.
The bill would instead require
various actions by local agencies related to the regional housing needs allocation plan to further the objectives required to be addressed by the plan.
(3) Existing law requires the council of governments, or delegate subregion as applicable, to develop a proposed methodology for distributing the existing and projected regional housing need to cities, counties, and cities and counties within the region or subregion, as applicable, that is consistent with specified objectives. Existing law requires the council of governments, or delegate subregion, as applicable, to conduct at least one public hearing on the proposed methodology. Existing law requires the council of governments or delegate subregion as applicable, to provide the proposed methodology, along with any relevant underlying data and assumptions, an explanation of how information about local government
conditions gathered has been used to develop the proposed methodology, and how each of the factors required to be addressed by the regional housing needs allocation plan is incorporated into the methodology, to all cities, counties, any subregions, and members of the public who have made a written request for the proposed methodology.
This bill would require the council of governments or delegate subregion as applicable, to hold at least two public hearings. The bill would also require the council of governments or delegate subregion as applicable, to additionally provide, along with the proposed methodology, an explanation of how the proposed methodology furthers the objectives required to be addressed by the regional housing needs allocation plan. The bill would authorize members of the public to make an electronic request for the proposed methodology and accompanying materials.
materials, and would require the information to be published on the council of governments’ or delegate subregion’s Internet Web site.
(4) Existing law requires each council of governments or delegate subregion as applicable, to include specified factors to develop the methodology that allocates regional housing needs, including, among others, each member jurisdiction’s existing and projected jobs and housing relationship, the market demand for housing, and high housing cost burdens, as specified.
This bill would require each council of governments or delegate subregion to develop the proposed methodology in consultation with the department. The bill would revise these factors, and additionally require the council of governments or delegate subregion, as
applicable, to consider the rate of overcrowding, the existing and projected demand for housing at various income levels, overcrowding and the percentage of existing households at each specified income levels level that are paying more than 30% and more than 50% of their income in rent.
(5) Existing law requires the council of governments, or delegate subregions, as applicable, to identify any existing local, regional, or state incentives available to those local governments that are willing to accept a higher share than proposed in the draft allocation, as
specified.
This bill would repeal this provision.
(6) Existing law requires the council of governments, or delegate subregion, as applicable, following the 60-day public comment period, to adopt a final regional, or subregional, housing need allocation methodology and provide notice of the adoption of the methodology to the jurisdictions within the region, or delegate subregions, as applicable, and to the department.
This bill would instead require the council of governments, or delegate subregion, as applicable, following the public comment period, to publish a draft allocation methodology on its Internet Web site and submit the draft allocation methodology to the department. The bill would require the department to determine whether the methodology
furthers the objectives described above. The If the department determines that the methodology does not further the objectives, the bill would require the council of governments, or delegate subregion, as applicable, following the receipt of the department’s determination, to make any necessary changes and adopt the final regional, or subregional, housing need allocation methodology, as specified. to take specified actions with respect to the housing need allocation methodology, including providing notice to the jurisdictions or applicable subregions and publishing the adopted allocation methodology on its Internet Web site.
(7) Existing law requires each council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, to distribute a draft allocation of regional housing needs to each local government within the region or subregion, as provided, at least 1.5 years prior to the scheduled revision of its housing element. Existing law authorizes a local government to request from the council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, a revision of its share of the regional housing need, in accordance with specified factors, within 60 days following receipt of the draft allocation. Under existing law, if the council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, does not accept the proposed revised share or modify the revised share to the satisfaction of the requesting party, the local government may appeal its draft allocation based on specified criteria.
This bill would additionally
instead authorize a local government within the region or the delegate subregion, as applicable, or the department to, within 45 days of receipt of the draft allocation, appeal to the council of governments or the delegate subregion for a revision of the share of the regional housing need proposed to be allocated to one or more local governments. The bill would specify criteria for the appeal and would require the local council of governments or the delegate subregion, as applicable, to notify all other local governments of all appeals, as specified. The bill would require the council of governments or the delegate region, as applicable, to hold a public hearing and consider comments received regarding the appeal. The bill would then require the council of governments or the delegate subregion, as applicable, to make a final determination on the appeal and issue a final allocation plan, as specified.
(8) By
adding to the duties of councils of governments and delegate subregions with respect to the distribution of regional housing need, this bill would impose a state-mandated local program.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.
This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.
Digest Key
Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: YES Local Program: YESBill Text
The people of the State of California do enact as follows:
SECTION 1.
Section 65584 of the Government Code is amended to read:65584.
(a) (1) For the fourth and subsequent revisions of the housing element pursuant to Section 65588, the department shall determine the existing and projected need for housing for each region pursuant to this article. For purposes of subdivision (a) of Section 65583, the share of a city or county of the regional housing need shall include that share of the housing need of persons at all income levels within the area significantly affected by the general plan of the city or county.(2) While it is the intent of the Legislature that cities, counties, and cities and counties should undertake all necessary actions to encourage, promote, and facilitate the development of
housing to accommodate the entire regional housing need, it is recognized,
however, that future housing production may not equal the regional housing need established for planning purposes.
(3) The Legislature finds and declares that insufficient housing in job centers hinders the state’s environmental quality and runs counter to the state’s environmental goals. In particular, when Californians seeking affordable housing are forced to drive longer distances to work, an increased amount of greenhouse gases and other pollutants is released and puts in jeopardy the achievement of the state’s climate goals, as established pursuant to Section 38566 of the Health and Safety Code, and clean air goals.
(b) The department, in consultation with each council of governments, shall determine each region’s existing and projected housing need pursuant to
Section 65584.01 at least two years prior to the scheduled revision required pursuant to Section 65588. The
appropriate council of governments, or for cities and counties without a council of governments, the department, shall adopt a final regional housing need plan that allocates a share of the regional housing need to each city, county, or city and county at least one year prior to the scheduled revision for the region required by Section 65588. The allocation plan prepared by a council of governments shall be prepared pursuant to Sections 65584.04 and 65584.05.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the due dates for the determinations of the department or for the council of governments, respectively, regarding the regional housing need may be extended by the department by not more than 60 days if the extension will enable access to more recent critical population or housing data from a pending or recent release of
the United States Census Bureau or the Department of Finance. If the due date for the determination of the department or the council of governments is extended for this reason, the department shall extend the corresponding housing element revision deadline pursuant to Section 65588 by not more than 60 days.
(d) The regional housing needs allocation plan shall further all of the following objectives:
(1) Increasing the housing supply and the mix of housing types, tenure, and affordability in all cities and counties within the region in an equitable manner, which shall result in each jurisdiction receiving an allocation of units for low- and very low income households.
(2) Promoting infill development and socioeconomic
equity, the protection of environmental and agricultural resources, and the encouragement of efficient development patterns.
(3) Promoting an improved intraregional relationship between jobs and housing, including an improved balance between the number of low-wage jobs and the number of housing units affordable to low-wage workers in each jurisdiction.
(4) Allocating a lower proportion of housing need to an income category when a jurisdiction already has a disproportionately high share of households in that income category, and allocating a higher proportion of housing need to an income category when a jurisdiction already has a disproportionately low share of households in that income category, as compared to the countywide distribution of households in that category from the
most recent decennial United States census.
(5) Increasing access to areas of high opportunity for lower-income residents, avoiding displacement and affirmatively furthering fair housing.
(e) For purposes of this section, “areas of high opportunity for lower-income residents” means areas that provide pathways to better lives, including through health, education, and employment.
(f) For purposes of this section, “household income levels” are as determined by the department as of the most recent decennial census pursuant to the following code sections:
(1) Very low incomes as defined by Section 50105 of the Health and Safety Code.
(2) Lower incomes, as defined by Section 50079.5 of the Health and Safety Code.
(3) Moderate incomes, as defined by Section 50093 of the Health and Safety Code.
(4) Above moderate incomes are those exceeding the moderate-income level of Section 50093 of the Health and Safety Code.
(g) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, determinations made by the department, a council of governments, or a city or county pursuant to this section or Section 65584.01, 65584.02, 65584.03, 65584.04, 65584.05, 65584.06, 65584.07, or 65584.08 are exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (Division 13 (commencing with Section 21000) of the Public Resources
Code).
SEC. 2.
Section 65584.04 of the Government Code is amended to read:65584.04.
(a) At least two years prior to a scheduled revision required by Section 65588, each council of governments, or delegate subregion as applicable, shall(b) (1) No more than six months prior to the development of a proposed methodology for distributing the existing and projected housing need, each council of governments shall survey each of its member jurisdictions to request, at a minimum, information regarding the factors listed in subdivision (d) that will allow the development of a methodology based upon the factors established in subdivision (d).
(2) The council of governments shall seek to obtain the information in a manner and format that is comparable throughout the region and utilize readily available data to the extent possible.
(3) The information provided by a local government pursuant to this section shall be used, to the extent possible, by
the council of governments, or delegate subregion as applicable, as source information for the methodology developed pursuant to this section. The survey shall state that none of the information received may be used as a basis for reducing the total housing need established for the region pursuant to Section 65584.01.
(4) If the council of governments fails to conduct a survey pursuant to this subdivision, a city, county, or city and county may submit information related to the items listed in subdivision (d) prior to the public comment period provided for in subdivision (c).
(c) Public participation and access shall be required in the development of the methodology and in the process of drafting and adoption of the allocation of the regional housing needs. Participation
by organizations other than local jurisdictions and councils of governments shall be solicited in a diligent effort to achieve public participation of all economic segments of the community. The proposed methodology, along with any relevant underlying data and assumptions, an explanation of how information about local government conditions gathered pursuant to subdivision (b) has been used to develop the proposed methodology, how each of the factors listed in subdivision (d) is incorporated into the methodology, and how the proposed methodology furthers the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584, shall be distributed to all cities, counties, any subregions, and members of the public who have made a written or electronic request for the proposed methodology.
methodology and published on the council of governments’, or delegate subregion’s, Internet Web site. The council of governments, or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall conduct at least two one public hearings hearing to receive oral and written comments on the proposed methodology.
(d) To the extent that sufficient data is available from local governments pursuant to subdivision (b) or other sources, each council of governments, or delegate subregion as applicable, shall include
the following factors to develop the methodology that allocates regional housing needs:
(1) Each member jurisdiction’s existing and projected jobs and housing relationship. This shall include data on the number of low-wage jobs within the jurisdiction and how many housing units within the jurisdiction are affordable to workers at those wage levels, as well as how many jobs were added and at what wage levels compared to how many housing units were added and at what income levels in the last planning period.
(2) The opportunities and constraints to development of additional housing in each member jurisdiction, including all of the following:
(A) Lack of capacity for sewer or water service due to federal or state
laws, regulations or regulatory actions, or supply and distribution decisions made by a sewer or water service provider other than the local jurisdiction that preclude the jurisdiction from providing necessary infrastructure for additional development during the planning period.
(B) The availability of land suitable for urban development or for conversion to residential use, the availability of underutilized land, and opportunities for infill development and increased residential densities. The council of governments may not limit its consideration of suitable housing sites or land suitable for urban development to existing zoning ordinances and land use restrictions of a locality, but shall consider the potential for increased residential development under alternative zoning ordinances and land use restrictions. The determination of available land
suitable for urban development may exclude lands where the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) or the Department of Water Resources has determined that the flood management infrastructure designed to protect that land is not adequate to avoid the risk of flooding.
(C) Lands preserved or protected from urban development under existing federal or state programs, or both, designed to protect open space, farmland, environmental habitats, and natural resources on a long-term basis.
(D) County policies to preserve prime agricultural land, as defined pursuant to Section 56064, within an unincorporated area.
(3) The distribution of household growth assumed for purposes of a comparable period of regional
transportation plans and opportunities to maximize the use of public transportation and existing transportation infrastructure.
(4)The existing and projected demand for housing at each of the income levels listed in subdivision (e) of Section 65584.
(5)
(4) Agreements between a county and cities in a county to direct growth toward incorporated areas of the county.
(6)
(5) The loss of units contained in assisted housing developments, as defined in paragraph (9) of subdivision (a) of Section 65583, that changed to non-low-income use through mortgage prepayment, subsidy contract expirations, or termination of use restrictions.
(7)
(6) The percentage of existing households at each of the income levels listed in subdivision (e) of Section 65584 that are paying more than 30 percent and more than 50 percent of their
income in rent.
(8)
(7) The rate of overcrowding.
(9)
(8) The housing needs of farmworkers.
(10)
(9) The housing needs generated by the presence of a private university or a campus of the California State University or the University of California within any member jurisdiction.
(11)
(10) Any other factors adopted by the council of governments, provided that the council of governments specifies which of the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65594
65584 that each additional factor is necessary to further. The council of governments may include additional factors unrelated to furthering the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584 so long as the additional factors do not undermine the objectives and the council of governments makes a finding that the factor is necessary to address specific health and safety conditions.
(e) The council of governments, or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall explain in writing how each of the factors described in subdivision (d) was incorporated into the methodology and how the methodology furthers the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584. The methodology may include numerical weighting.
This information shall be posted on the council of governments’, or delegate subregion’s, Internet Web site.
(f) Any ordinance, policy, voter-approved measure, or standard of a city or county that directly or indirectly limits the number of residential building permits issued by a city or county shall not be a justification for a determination or a reduction in the share of a city or county of the regional housing need.
(g) Following the conclusion of the 60-day public comment period described in subdivision (c) on the proposed allocation methodology, and after making any revisions deemed appropriate by the council of governments, or delegate subregion, as
applicable, as a result of comments received during the public comment period, and as a result of consultation with the department, each council of governments, or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall publish a draft allocation methodology on its Internet Web site and submit the draft allocation methodology methodology, along with the information required pursuant to subdivision (e), to the department. Within 60 days, the department shall determine whether or not the methodology furthers, and does not undermine, the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of
Section 65584.
(h)Following the receipt of the department’s determination, the council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall make any necessary changes
and adopt a final regional, or subregional, housing need allocation methodology and provide notice of the adoption of the methodology to the jurisdictions within the region, or delegate subregion as applicable, and to the department.
(h) If the department determines that the methodology is not consistent with subdivision (d) of Section 65584, the council of governments, or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall take one of the following actions:
(1) Revise the methodology in accordance with the department’s findings and adopt a final regional, or subregional, housing need allocation methodology.
(2) Adopt a final regional, or subregional, housing need
allocation methodology without revisions and include within its resolution of adoption written findings as to why the council of governments, or delegate subregion, believes that the methodology is consistent with subdivision (d) of Section 65584 despite the findings of the department.
(i) Upon either action pursuant to subdivision (h), the council of governments, or delegate subregion, shall provide notice of the adoption of the methodology to the jurisdictions within the region, or delegate subregion, as applicable, and to the department, and shall publish the adopted allocation methodology on its Internet Web site.
(i)
(j) (1) It is the intent of the Legislature that housing planning be coordinated and integrated with the regional transportation plan. To achieve this goal, the allocation plan shall allocate housing units within the region consistent with the development pattern included in the sustainable communities strategy. Nothing in this consistency requirement shall limit the application of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2) of subdivision (d).
(2) The final allocation plan shall ensure that the total regional housing need, by income category, as determined under Section 65584, is maintained, and that each jurisdiction in the region receive an allocation of units for low- and very low income households.
(3) The resolution approving the final housing need allocation plan shall demonstrate that the plan is consistent with the sustainable communities strategy in the regional transportation
plan and furthers the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584.
SEC. 3.
Section 65584.05 of the Government Code is amended to read:65584.05.
(a) At least one and one-half years prior to the scheduled revision required by Section 65588, each council of governments and delegate subregion, as applicable, shall distribute a draft allocation of regional housing needs to each local government in the region or subregion, where applicable, based on the methodology adopted pursuant to Section 65584.04. The draft allocation shall include the underlying data and methodology on which the allocation is based, and a statement as to how it furthers the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584. It is the intent of the Legislature that the draft allocation should be distributed prior to the completion of the update of the applicable regional transportation plan. The draft allocation shall distribute to localities and subregions, if any, within the region the entire regional housing need determined pursuant to Section 65584.01 or within subregions, as applicable, the subregion’s entire share of the regional housing need determined pursuant to Section 65584.03.(b) Within 45 days following receipt of the draft allocation, a local government within the region or the delegate subregion, as applicable, or the department may appeal to the council of governments or the delegate subregion for a revision of the share of the regional housing need proposed to be allocated to one or more local governments. Appeals shall be
based upon comparable data available for all affected jurisdictions and accepted planning methodology, and supported by adequate documentation, and shall include a statement as to how why the revision is necessary to further the intent of the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584. An appeal pursuant to this subdivision shall be consistent with, and not to the detriment of, the development pattern in an applicable sustainable communities strategy developed pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) of Section 65080. Appeals shall be limited to either or both of the following criteria:
(1) The council of governments or
delegate subregion, as applicable, failed to adequately consider the information submitted pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 65584.04, or a significant and unforeseen change in circumstances has occurred in the local jurisdiction or jurisdictions that merits a revision of the information submitted pursuant to that subdivision.
(2) The council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, failed to determine the share of the regional housing need in accordance with the information described in, and the methodology established pursuant to, Section 65584.04, and in a manner that furthers, and does not undermine, the intent of the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584.
(c) At the close of the period for filing appeals pursuant to subdivision (b), the
council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall notify all other local governments within the region or delegate subregion and the department of all appeals and shall make all materials submitted in support of each appeal available on a publicly available Internet Web site. Local governments and the department may, within 45 days, comment on one or more appeals. If no appeals are filed, the draft allocation shall be issued as the proposed final allocation plan pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (e).
(d) No later than 30 days after the close of the comment period, and after providing all local governments within the region or delegate subregion, as applicable, at least 21 days prior notice, the council of governments or delegate subregion shall conduct one public hearing to consider all appeals filed pursuant to subdivision
(b) and all comments received pursuant to subdivision (c).
(e) No later than 45 days after the public hearing pursuant to subdivision (d), the council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall do both of the following:
(1) Make a final determination that either accepts, rejects, or modifies each appeal for a revised share filed pursuant to subdivision (b). Final determinations shall be based upon the information and methodology described in Section 65584.04 and whether the revision is necessary to further the objectives listed in subdivision (d) of Section 65584. The final determination shall be in writing and shall include written findings as to how the determination is consistent with this article. The final determination on an appeal may require the council
of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, to adjust the share of the regional housing need allocated to one or more local governments that are not the subject of an appeal.
(2) Issue a proposed final allocation plan.
(f) In the proposed final allocation plan, the council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall adjust allocations to local governments based upon the results of the
appeals process. If the adjustments total 7 percent or less of the regional housing need determined pursuant to Section 65584.01, or, as applicable, total 7 percent or less of the subregion’s share of the regional housing need as determined pursuant to Section 65584.03, then the council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall distribute the adjustments proportionally to all local governments. If the adjustments total more than 7 percent of the regional housing need, then the council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, shall develop a methodology to distribute the amount greater than the 7 percent to local governments. In no event shall the total distribution of housing need equal less than the regional housing need, as determined pursuant to Section 65584.01, nor shall the subregional distribution of housing need equal less than its share of the regional housing
need as determined pursuant to Section 65584.03.
(g) Within 45 days after the issuance of the proposed final
allocation plan by the council of governments and each delegate subregion, as applicable, the council of governments shall hold a public hearing to adopt a final allocation plan. To the extent that the final allocation plan fully allocates the regional share of statewide housing need, as determined pursuant to Section 65584.01 and has taken into account all appeals, the council of governments shall have final authority to determine the distribution of the region’s existing and projected housing need as determined pursuant to Section 65584.01. The council of governments shall submit its final allocation plan to the department within three days of adoption. Within 30 days after the department’s receipt of the final allocation plan adopted by the council of governments, the department shall determine whether or not the final allocation plan is consistent with the existing and projected
housing need for the region, as determined pursuant to Section 65584.01. The department may revise the determination of the council of governments if necessary to obtain this consistency.
(h) Any authority of the council of governments to review and revise the share of a city or county of the regional housing need under this section shall not constitute authority to revise, approve, or disapprove the manner in which the share of the city or county of the regional housing need is implemented through its housing program.
(i) Any time period in subdivision (d) or (e) may be extended by a council of governments or delegate subregion, as applicable, for up to 30 days.
