Bill Text: TX HB4638 | 2023-2024 | 88th Legislature | Introduced

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Bill Title: Relating to the appointment and duties of an associate judge in the 229th Judicial District.

Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Republican 1-0)

Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2023-04-05 - Left pending in committee [HB4638 Detail]

Download: Texas-2023-HB4638-Introduced.html

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By: Guillen H.B. No. 4638

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
relating to the appointment and duties of an associate judge in the
229th Judicial District.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
SECTION 1. Chapter 54, Government Code, is amended by
adding Subchapter V to read as follows:
SUBCHAPTER C. ASSOCIATE JUDGES IN DUVAL COUNTY
Sec. 54.201. APPOINTMENT. The judge of the 229th District
Court, with the approval of the Commissioners Court of Duval
County, may appoint a full-time or a part-time associate judge to
perform the duties authorized by this subchapter.
Sec. 54.202. QUALIFICATIONS. To be eligible for
appointment as an associate judge, a person must:
(1) be a resident of this state and Duval County; and
(2) meet the requirements and qualifications to serve
as a judge of the court to which the person is appointed.
Sec. 54.203. COMPENSATION. (a) An associate judge is
entitled to the compensation set by the Duval County Commissioners
Court.
(b) The salary shall be paid from the county fund available
for payments of officers' salaries.
(c) This section does not apply to an associate judge
appointed under Section 201.001, Family Code.
Sec. 54.204. PRIVATE PRACTICE. A part-time associate judge
may engage in the private practice of law, unless restricted on a
finding that it is not in the public interest by the appointing
judge.
Sec. 54.205. TERMINATION OF SERVICES. (a) An associate
judge serves at the will of the judge of the 229th District Court.
(b) This section does not apply to an associate judge
appointed under Section 201.001, Family Code.
Sec. 54.206. REFERRAL OF CASE. (a) The appointing judge
may refer to an associate judge any aspect of a civil or criminal
case involving a matter over which the referring court has
jurisdiction in Duval County.
(b) After notice to all parties of the time and place of
hearing, an associate judge may preside over any hearing,
including:
(1) for a civil case, proceedings involving:
(A) a temporary order in an action or suit for
support by one spouse against another;
(B) a motion or suit to modify a temporary or
final order;
(C) temporary orders in a suit affecting the
parent-child relationship;
(D) an application for a temporary injunction
related to temporary possession or use of property;
(E) habeas corpus, including any hearing
authorized by the Family Code;
(F) a motion to transfer;
(G) a motion of contempt for failure or refusal
to obey a temporary or final order;
(H) an action brought under Chapter 159, Family
Code;
(I) an action for the protection of the family;
(J) a matter on which the parties agree;
(K) a matter in which a party is entitled to a
default judgment;
(L) a divorce action in which a waiver of
citation is on file;
(M) a friendly suit; and
(N) any other matter in the jurisdiction of the
court, including a pretrial motion, discovery, summary judgment,
and other matters governed by the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure;
and
(2) for a criminal case, proceedings involving:
(A) a negotiated plea of guilty or nolo
contendere;
(B) bond forfeiture;
(C) a pretrial motion;
(D) a postconviction writ of habeas corpus;
(E) an examining trial; and
(F) any other matter that the judge considers
proper.
(c) A judge may not refer to an associate judge any criminal
case for trial on the merits in which a jury trial has been
requested.
(d) Unless a party files a written objection to the
associate judge hearing the trial, the appointing judge may refer
to an associate judge a trial on the merits. If an objection is
filed, the trial on the merits shall be heard by the referring
court.
(e) A trial on the merits is a final adjudication from which
an appeal may be taken to a court of appeals.
(f) An associate judge may not conduct a contested trial on
the merits to terminate parental rights unless the affected parties
give written consent to the contested trial by the associate judge.
Unless written consent is given by the affected parties to a
contested trial on the merits, any order terminating parental
rights issued pursuant to an associate judge's report resulting
from the contested trial is void.
(g) On appointment of an associate judge, any pending or
future cases may be referred to the associate judge.
Sec. 54.207. ORDER OF REFERRAL. (a) To refer cases to an
associate judge, the referring court must issue an order of
referral.
(b) The order of referral may limit the power or duties of an
associate judge.
Sec. 54.208. POWERS. Except as limited by an order of
referral, an associate judge may:
(1) conduct a hearing;
(2) hear evidence;
(3) compel production of relevant evidence;
(4) rule on admissibility of evidence;
(5) issue summons for the appearance of witnesses;
(6) examine witnesses;
(7) swear witnesses for hearings;
(8) make findings of fact on evidence;
(9) formulate conclusions of law;
(10) recommend the judgment to be made in a case;
(11) regulate all proceedings in a hearing before the
associate judge;
(12) rule on all criminal pretrial motions; and
(13) perform any act and take any measure necessary
and proper for the efficient performance of the associate judge's
duties.
Sec. 54.209. ATTENDANCE OF BAILIFF. A bailiff shall attend
a hearing held by an associate judge if directed by the referring
court.
Sec. 54.210. WITNESS. (a) A witness appearing before an
associate judge is subject to the penalties for perjury provided by
law.
(b) A referring court may issue attachment against and may
fine or imprison a witness whose failure to appear before an
associate judge after being summoned or whose refusal to answer
questions has been certified to the court.
Sec. 54.211. REPORT TRANSMITTED TO COURT; NOTICE. (a) At
the conclusion of any hearing conducted by an associate judge and on
the preparation of an associate judge's report, the associate judge
shall transmit to the referring court:
(1) all papers relating to the case; and
(2) the associate judge's signed and dated report.
(b) After the associate judge's report has been signed, the
associate judge shall give notice of the substance of the report to
the parties participating in the hearing.
(c) The associate judge's report may contain the associate
judge's finding, conclusions, or recommendations. The associate
judge's report must be in writing in a form as the referring court
may direct. The form may be a notation on the referring court's
docket sheet.
(d) The notice required under Subsection (b) may be given in
open court or may be given by certified mail, return receipt
requested. If the notice is given by certified mail, the associate
judge shall certify the date of mailing and the notice is considered
to have been given on the third day after the date of mailing.
Sec. 54.212. NOTICE OF RIGHT TO APPEAL. An associate judge
shall give all parties notice of the right of appeal to the judge of
the referring court. The notice may be given:
(1) at the hearing;
(2) by posting the notice inside or outside the
courtroom of the referring court; or
(3) as otherwise directed by the referring court.
Sec. 54.213. EFFECT OF ASSOCIATE JUDGE'S REPORT PENDING
APPEAL. Pending appeal of the associate judge's report to the
referring court, the decisions and recommendations of the associate
judge are in full force and effect and are enforceable as an order
of the referring court, except for the orders providing for
incarceration or for the appointment of a receiver.
Sec. 54.214. JUDICIAL ACTION ON ASSOCIATE JUDGE'S REPORT.
After the associate judge's report is filed, and unless the parties
have filed a written notice of appeal to the referring court, the
referring court may:
(1) adopt, approve, or reject the associate judge's
report;
(2) hear further evidence; or
(3) recommit the matter for further proceedings as the
referring court considers proper and necessary in the particular
circumstances of the case.
Sec. 54.215. DECREE OR ORDER OF COURT. If an appeal to the
referring court is not filed or the right to an appeal to the
referring court is waived, the findings and the recommendations of
the associate judge become the decree or order of the referring
court only on the referring court's signing an order or decree
conforming to the associate judge's report.
Sec. 54.216. APPEAL TO REFERRING COURT. (a) Any party is
entitled to a hearing by the judge of the referring court if, not
later than three days, computed in the manner provided by Rule 4,
Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, after the associate judge gives the
notice required by Section 54.211, an appeal of the associate
judge's report is filed with the referring court.
(b) The first day of the appeal time to the referring courts
begins on the day after the day on which the associate judge gives
the notice required by Section 54.211.
(c) An appeal to the referring court shall be in writing and
must specify the findings and conclusions of the associate judge to
which the party objects. The appeal is limited to the findings and
conclusions specified in the written appeal.
(d) On appeal to the referring court, the parties may
present witnesses as in a hearing de novo on the issues raised in
the appeal.
(e) Notice of any appeal to the referring court shall be
given to opposing counsel in the manner provided by Rule 21a, Texas
Rules of Civil Procedure.
(f) If an appeal to the referring court is filed by a party,
any other party may file an appeal to the referring court not later
than the seventh day after the date the initial appeal was filed.
(g) The referring court, after notice to the parties, shall
hold a hearing on all appeals not later than the 30th day after the
date on which the initial appeal was filed with the referring court.
(h) Prior to any hearing before an associate judge, the
parties may waive the right of appeal to the referring court. The
waiver may be in writing or on the record.
Sec. 54.217. APPELLATE REVIEW. (a) Failure to appeal to
the referring court, by waiver or otherwise, on the approval by the
referring court of an associate judge's report does not deprive any
party of the right to appeal to or request other relief from a court
of appeals or the supreme court.
(b) The date of the signing of an order or judgment by the
referring court is the controlling date for the purposes of appeal
to or request for other relief from a court of appeals or the
supreme court.
Sec. 54.218. JURY TRIAL DEMANDED. If a jury trial is
demanded and a jury fee paid in a trial on the merits, the associate
judge shall refer any matters requiring a jury back to the referring
court for a full trial before the court and jury.
Sec. 54.219. INAPPLICABILITY OF SUBCHAPTER TO MASTERS
APPOINTED UNDER RULE 171. Masters appointed by the referring court
under Rule 171, Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, have all the duties
and powers set forth in the order of appointment and are not
governed by this subchapter.
Sec. 54.220. IMMUNITY. An associate judge appointed under
this subchapter has the judicial immunity of a district judge.
Sec. 54.221. COURT REPORTER. (a) A court reporter is not
required during a hearing held by an associate judge appointed
under this subchapter.
(b) A party, the associate judge, or the referring court may
provide for a court reporter during the hearing. The record may be
preserved by any other means approved by the associate judge.
(c) The referring court or associate judge may impose on a
party as costs the expense of preserving the record.
SECTION 2. This Act takes effect September 1, 2023.