Bill Text: OH HB480 | 2013-2014 | 130th General Assembly | Engrossed

Ohio House Bill 480 (Prior Session Legislation)

Bill Title: To restrict to cases of negligent vehicular homicide a provision of law that declares that the failure of an operator of a motor vehicle to secure a child in a car seat, in a booster seat, or with a seat belt is inadmissible as evidence in certain criminal actions and to allow the enforcement of child car seat, booster seat, and seat belt requirements as a primary offense if the child is less than eight years of age.

Spectrum: Bipartisan Bill

Status: (Engrossed - Dead) 2014-12-09 - To Transportation [HB480 Detail]

Download: Ohio-2013-HB480-Engrossed.html

As Passed by the House

130th General Assembly

Regular Session

2013-2014

Am. H. B. No. 480

Representative Pelanda

Cosponsors: Representatives Hackett, Butler, Celebrezze, Barborak, Brown, Buchy, Carney, Clyde, Perales, Phillips, Stinziano

A BILL

To amend sections 4511.093, 4511.81, and 4513.263 of

the Revised Code to restrict to cases of negligent

vehicular homicide a provision of law that

declares that the failure of an operator of a

motor vehicle to secure a child in a car seat, in

a booster seat, or with a seat belt is

inadmissible as evidence in certain criminal

actions and to allow the enforcement of child car

seat, booster seat, and seat belt requirements as

a primary offense if the child is less than eight

years of age.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF OHIO:

Section 1. That sections 4511.093, 4511.81, and 4513.263 of	12
the Revised Code be amended to read as follows:	13

Sec. 4511.093. (A)(1) No law enforcement officer who stops	14
the operator of a motor vehicle in the course of an authorized	15
sobriety or other motor vehicle checkpoint operation or a motor	16
vehicle safety inspection shall issue a ticket, citation, or	17
summons for a secondary traffic offense unless in the course of	18
the checkpoint operation or safety inspection the officer first	19
determines that an offense other than a secondary traffic offense	20
has occurred and either places the operator or a vehicle occupant	21
under arrest or issues a ticket, citation, or summons to the	22
operator or a vehicle occupant for an offense other than a	23
secondary offense.	24

(2) A law enforcement agency that operates a motor vehicle	25
checkpoint for an express purpose related to a secondary traffic	26
offense shall not issue a ticket, citation, or summons for any	27
secondary traffic offense at such a checkpoint, but may use such a	28
checkpoint operation to conduct a public awareness campaign and	29
distribute information.	30

(B) As used in this section, "secondary traffic offense"	31
means a violation of division (A) or (F)(2) of section 4507.05,	32
division (B)(1)(a) or (b) or (E) of section 4507.071, division (A)	33
of section 4511.204, division ~~(C) or~~ (D) of section 4511.81,	34
division (A)(3) of section 4513.03, or division (B) of section	35
4513.263 of the Revised Code.	36

Sec. 4511.81. (A) When any child who is in either or both of	37
the following categories is being transported in a motor vehicle,	38
other than a taxicab or public safety vehicle as defined in	39
section 4511.01 of the Revised Code, that is required by the	40
United States department of transportation to be equipped with	41
seat belts at the time of manufacture or assembly, the operator of	42
the motor vehicle shall have the child properly secured in	43
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions in a child	44
restraint system that meets federal motor vehicle safety	45
standards:	46

(1) A child who is less than four years of age;

(2) A child who weighs less than forty pounds.

(B) When any child who is in either or both of the following	49
categories is being transported in a motor vehicle, other than a	50
taxicab, that is owned, leased, or otherwise under the control of	51
a nursery school or day-care center, the operator of the motor	52
vehicle shall have the child properly secured in accordance with	53
the manufacturer's instructions in a child restraint system that	54
meets federal motor vehicle safety standards:	55

(1) A child who is less than four years of age;

(2) A child who weighs less than forty pounds.

(C) When any child who is less than eight years of age and	58
less than four feet nine inches in height, who is not required by	59
division (A) or (B) of this section to be secured in a child	60
restraint system, is being transported in a motor vehicle, other	61
than a taxicab or public safety vehicle as defined in section	62
4511.01 of the Revised Code or a vehicle that is regulated under	63
section 5104.015 of the Revised Code, that is required by the	64
United States department of transportation to be equipped with	65
seat belts at the time of manufacture or assembly, the operator of	66
the motor vehicle shall have the child properly secured in	67
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions on a booster seat	68
that meets federal motor vehicle safety standards.	69

(D) When any child who is at least eight years of age but not	70
older than fifteen years of age, and who is not otherwise required	71
by division (A), (B), or (C) of this section to be secured in a	72
child restraint system or booster seat, is being transported in a	73
motor vehicle, other than a taxicab or public safety vehicle as	74
defined in section 4511.01 of the Revised Code, that is required	75
by the United States department of transportation to be equipped	76
with seat belts at the time of manufacture or assembly, the	77
operator of the motor vehicle shall have the child properly	78
restrained either in accordance with the manufacturer's	79
instructions in a child restraint system that meets federal motor	80
vehicle safety standards or in an occupant restraining device as	81
defined in section 4513.263 of the Revised Code.	82

(E) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, no	83
law enforcement officer shall cause an operator of a motor vehicle	84
being operated on any street or highway to stop the motor vehicle	85
for the sole purpose of determining whether a violation of	86
division ~~(C) or~~ (D) of this section has been or is being committed	87
or for the sole purpose of issuing a ticket, citation, or summons	88
for a violation of division ~~(C) or~~ (D) of this section or causing	89
the arrest of or commencing a prosecution of a person for a	90
violation of division ~~(C) or~~ (D) of this section, and absent	91
another violation of law, a law enforcement officer's view of the	92
interior or visual inspection of a motor vehicle being operated on	93
any street or highway may not be used for the purpose of	94
determining whether a violation of division ~~(C) or~~ (D) of this	95
section has been or is being committed.	96

(F) The director of public safety shall adopt such rules as	97
are necessary to carry out this section.	98

(G) The failure of an operator of a motor vehicle to secure a	99
child in a child restraint system, a booster seat, or an occupant	100
restraining device as required by this section is not negligence	101
imputable to the child, is not admissible as evidence in any civil	102
action involving the rights of the child against any other person	103
allegedly liable for injuries to the child, is not to be used as a	104
basis for a criminal prosecution of the operator of the motor	105
vehicle ~~other than a prosecution~~ for a violation of ~~this~~	106
division (A)(3)(a) of section 2903.06 of the Revised Code, and is	107
not admissible as evidence in ~~any~~a criminal action involving the	108
operator of the motor vehicle ~~other than a prosecution~~ for a	109
violation of ~~this~~division (A)(3)(a) of section 2903.06 of the	110
Revised Code.	111

(H) This section does not apply when an emergency exists that	112
threatens the life of any person operating or occupying a motor	113
vehicle that is being used to transport a child who otherwise	114
would be required to be restrained under this section. This	115
section does not apply to a person operating a motor vehicle who	116
has an affidavit signed by a physician licensed to practice in	117
this state under Chapter 4731. of the Revised Code or a	118
chiropractor licensed to practice in this state under Chapter	119
4734. of the Revised Code that states that the child who otherwise	120
would be required to be restrained under this section has a	121
physical impairment that makes use of a child restraint system,	122
booster seat, or an occupant restraining device impossible or	123
impractical, provided that the person operating the vehicle has	124
safely and appropriately restrained the child in accordance with	125
any recommendations of the physician or chiropractor as noted on	126
the affidavit.	127

(I) There is hereby created in the state treasury the child	128
highway safety fund, consisting of fines imposed pursuant to	129
division (K)(1) of this section for violations of divisions (A),	130
(B), (C), and (D) of this section. The money in the fund shall be	131
used by the department of health only to defray the cost of	132
designating hospitals as pediatric trauma centers under section	133
3727.081 of the Revised Code and to establish and administer a	134
child highway safety program. The purpose of the program shall be	135
to educate the public about child restraint systems and booster	136
seats and the importance of their proper use. The program also	137
shall include a process for providing child restraint systems and	138
booster seats to persons who meet the eligibility criteria	139
established by the department, and a toll-free telephone number	140
the public may utilize to obtain information about child restraint	141
systems and booster seats, and their proper use.	142

(J) The director of health, in accordance with Chapter 119.	143
of the Revised Code, shall adopt any rules necessary to carry out	144
this section, including rules establishing the criteria a person	145
must meet in order to receive a child restraint system or booster	146
seat under the department's child highway safety program; provided	147
that rules relating to the verification of pediatric trauma	148
centers shall not be adopted under this section.	149

(K) Nothing in this section shall be construed to require any	150
person to carry with the person the birth certificate of a child	151
to prove the age of the child, but the production of a valid birth	152
certificate for a child showing that the child was not of an age	153
to which this section applies is a defense against any ticket,	154
citation, or summons issued for violating this section.	155

(L)(1) Whoever violates division (A), (B), (C), or (D) of	156
this section shall be punished as follows, provided that the	157
failure of an operator of a motor vehicle to secure more than one	158
child in a child restraint system, booster seat, or occupant	159
restraining device as required by this section that occurred at	160
the same time, on the same day, and at the same location is deemed	161
to be a single violation of this section:	162

(a) Except as otherwise provided in division (L)(1)(b) of	163
this section, the offender is guilty of a minor misdemeanor and	164
shall be fined not less than twenty-five dollars nor more than	165
seventy-five dollars.	166

(b) If the offender previously has been convicted of or	167
pleaded guilty to a violation of division (A), (B), (C), or (D) of	168
this section or of a municipal ordinance that is substantially	169
similar to any of those divisions, the offender is guilty of a	170
misdemeanor of the fourth degree.	171

(2) All fines imposed pursuant to division (L)(1) of this	172
section shall be forwarded to the treasurer of state for deposit	173
in the child highway safety fund created by division (I) of this	174
section.	175

Sec. 4513.263. (A) As used in this section and in section	176
4513.99 of the Revised Code:	177

(1) "Automobile" means any commercial tractor, passenger car,	178
commercial car, or truck that is required to be factory-equipped	179
with an occupant restraining device for the operator or any	180
passenger by regulations adopted by the United States secretary of	181
transportation pursuant to the "National Traffic and Motor Vehicle	182
Safety Act of 1966," 80 Stat. 719, 15 U.S.C.A. 1392.	183

(2) "Occupant restraining device" means a seat safety belt,	184
shoulder belt, harness, or other safety device for restraining a	185
person who is an operator of or passenger in an automobile and	186
that satisfies the minimum federal vehicle safety standards	187
established by the United States department of transportation.	188

(3) "Passenger" means any person in an automobile, other than	189
its operator, who is occupying a seating position for which an	190
occupant restraining device is provided.	191

(4) "Commercial tractor," "passenger car," and "commercial	192
car" have the same meanings as in section 4501.01 of the Revised	193
Code.	194

(5) "Vehicle" and "motor vehicle," as used in the definitions	195
of the terms set forth in division (A)(4) of this section, have	196
the same meanings as in section 4511.01 of the Revised Code.	197

(6) "Tort action" means a civil action for damages for	198
injury, death, or loss to person or property. "Tort action"	199
includes a product liability claim, as defined in section 2307.71	200
of the Revised Code, and an asbestos claim, as defined in section	201
2307.91 of the Revised Code, but does not include a civil action	202
for damages for breach of contract or another agreement between	203
persons.	204

(B) No person shall do any of the following:

205

(1) Operate an automobile on any street or highway unless	206
that person is wearing all of the available elements of a properly	207
adjusted occupant restraining device, or operate a school bus that	208
has an occupant restraining device installed for use in its	209
operator's seat unless that person is wearing all of the available	210
elements of the device, as properly adjusted;	211

(2) Operate an automobile on any street or highway unless	212
each passenger in the automobile who is subject to the requirement	213
set forth in division (B)(3) of this section is wearing all of the	214
available elements of a properly adjusted occupant restraining	215
device;	216

(3) Occupy, as a passenger, a seating position on the front	217
seat of an automobile being operated on any street or highway	218
unless that person is wearing all of the available elements of a	219
properly adjusted occupant restraining device;	220

(4) Operate a taxicab on any street or highway unless all	221
factory-equipped occupant restraining devices in the taxicab are	222
maintained in usable form.	223

(C) Division (B)(3) of this section does not apply to a	224
person who is required by section 4511.81 of the Revised Code to	225
be secured in a child restraint device or booster seat. Division	226
(B)(1) of this section does not apply to a person who is an	227
employee of the United States postal service or of a newspaper	228
home delivery service, during any period in which the person is	229
engaged in the operation of an automobile to deliver mail or	230
newspapers to addressees. Divisions (B)(1) and (3) of this section	231
do not apply to a person who has an affidavit signed by a	232
physician licensed to practice in this state under Chapter 4731.	233
of the Revised Code or a chiropractor licensed to practice in this	234
state under Chapter 4734. of the Revised Code that states that the	235
person has a physical impairment that makes use of an occupant	236
restraining device impossible or impractical.	237

(D) ~~Notwithstanding~~(1) Except as provided in division (D)(2)	238
of this section and notwithstanding any provision of law to the	239
contrary, no law enforcement officer shall cause an operator of an	240
automobile being operated on any street or highway to stop the	241
automobile for the sole purpose of determining whether a violation	242
of division (B) of this section has been or is being committed or	243
for the sole purpose of issuing a ticket, citation, or summons for	244
a violation of that nature or causing the arrest of or commencing	245
a prosecution of a person for a violation of that nature, and no	246
law enforcement officer shall view the interior or visually	247
inspect any automobile being operated on any street or highway for	248
the sole purpose of determining whether a violation of that nature	249
has been or is being committed.	250

(2) Division (D)(1) of this section does not apply to a law	251
enforcement officer who is enforcing division (A), (B), or (C) of	252
section 4511.81 of the Revised Code.	253

(E) All fines collected for violations of division (B) of	254
this section, or for violations of any ordinance or resolution of	255
a political subdivision that is substantively comparable to that	256
division, shall be forwarded to the treasurer of state for deposit	257
into the state treasury to the credit of the trauma and emergency	258
medical services fund, which is hereby created. In addition, sixty	259
cents of each fee collected under sections 4501.34, 4503.26,	260
4505.14, 4506.08, 4509.05, and 4519.63 of the Revised Code as	261
specified in those sections, plus the portion of the driver's	262
license reinstatement fee described in division (F)(2)(g) of	263
section 4511.191 of the Revised Code, plus all fees collected	264
under section 4765.11 of the Revised Code, plus all fines imposed	265
under section 4765.55 of the Revised Code, plus the fees and other	266
moneys specified in section 4766.05 of the Revised Code, and plus	267
five per cent of fines and moneys arising from bail forfeitures as	268
directed by section 5503.04 of the Revised Code, also shall be	269
deposited into the trauma and emergency medical services fund. All	270
money deposited into the trauma and emergency medical services	271
fund shall be used by the department of public safety for the	272
administration and operation of the division of emergency medical	273
services and the state board of emergency medical, fire, and	274
transportation services, and by the state board of emergency	275
medical, fire, and transportation services to make grants, in	276
accordance with section 4765.07 of the Revised Code and rules the	277
board adopts under section 4765.11 of the Revised Code. The	278
director of budget and management may transfer excess money from	279
the trauma and emergency medical services fund to the state	280
highway safety fund if the director of public safety determines	281
that the amount of money in the trauma and emergency medical	282
services fund exceeds the amount required to cover such costs	283
incurred by the emergency medical services agency and the grants	284
made by the state board of emergency medical, fire, and	285
transportation services and requests the director of budget and	286
management to make the transfer.	287

(F)(1) Subject to division (F)(2) of this section, the	288
failure of a person to wear all of the available elements of a	289
properly adjusted occupant restraining device in violation of	290
division (B)(1) or (3) of this section or the failure of a person	291
to ensure that each minor who is a passenger of an automobile	292
being operated by that person is wearing all of the available	293
elements of a properly adjusted occupant restraining device in	294
violation of division (B)(2) of this section shall not be	295
considered or used by the trier of fact in a tort action as	296
evidence of negligence or contributory negligence. But, the trier	297
of fact may determine based on evidence admitted consistent with	298
the Ohio Rules of Evidence that the failure contributed to the	299
harm alleged in the tort action and may diminish a recovery of	300
compensatory damages that represents noneconomic loss, as defined	301
in section 2307.011 of the Revised Code, in a tort action that	302
could have been recovered but for the plaintiff's failure to wear	303
all of the available elements of a properly adjusted occupant	304
restraining device. Evidence of that failure shall not be used as	305
a basis for a criminal prosecution of the person other than a	306
prosecution for a violation of this section; and shall not be	307
admissible as evidence in a criminal action involving the person	308
other than a prosecution for a violation of this section.	309

(2) If, at the time of an accident involving a passenger car	310
equipped with occupant restraining devices, any occupant of the	311
passenger car who sustained injury or death was not wearing an	312
available occupant restraining device, was not wearing all of the	313
available elements of such a device, or was not wearing such a	314
device as properly adjusted, then, consistent with the Rules of	315
Evidence, the fact that the occupant was not wearing the available	316
occupant restraining device, was not wearing all of the available	317
elements of such a device, or was not wearing such a device as	318
properly adjusted is admissible in evidence in relation to any	319
claim for relief in a tort action to the extent that the claim for	320
relief satisfies all of the following:	321

(a) It seeks to recover damages for injury or death to the	322
occupant.	323

(b) The defendant in question is the manufacturer, designer,	324
distributor, or seller of the passenger car.	325

(c) The claim for relief against the defendant in question is	326
that the injury or death sustained by the occupant was enhanced or	327
aggravated by some design defect in the passenger car or that the	328
passenger car was not crashworthy.	329

(G)(1) Whoever violates division (B)(1) of this section shall	330
be fined thirty dollars.	331

(2) Whoever violates division (B)(3) of this section shall be	332
fined twenty dollars.	333

(3) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever	334
violates division (B)(4) of this section is guilty of a minor	335
misdemeanor. If the offender previously has been convicted of or	336
pleaded guilty to a violation of division (B)(4) of this section,	337
whoever violates division (B)(4) of this section is guilty of a	338
misdemeanor of the third degree.	339