Bill Text: NY S09031 | 2017-2018 | General Assembly | Introduced
Bill Title: Requires a resolution by the board of trustees of a school district to authorize the installation, administration, operation, notice processing and maintenance of and use of photo monitoring devices on school buses to detect and record vehicles illegally passing or overtaking a school bus; provides for owner liability of a motor vehicle detected by a camera to have illegally passed or overtaken a school bus; provides that liability shall be a monetary penalty in the amount of two hundred fifty dollars; relates to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school zones in the city of New York; and establishes in the city of Buffalo a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)
Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2018-06-14 - REFERRED TO RULES [S09031 Detail]
Download: New_York-2017-S09031-Introduced.html
STATE OF NEW YORK ________________________________________________________________________ 9031 IN SENATE June 14, 2018 ___________ Introduced by Sen. PERALTA -- read twice and ordered printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Rules AN ACT to amend the education law and the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to authorizing the installation and use of safety cameras on school buses for the purpose of monitoring overtaking and passing of school bus violations; to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York; to amend chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, amending the vehicle and traffic law, the public officers law and the general municipal law relating to photo speed violation moni- toring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York, in relation to making technical corrections thereto; to amend chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law relating to establishing in a city with a popu- lation of one million or more a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, in relation to the effectiveness thereof; to amend the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law, in relation to establishing in the city of Buffalo a demonstration program implement- ing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices; and providing for the repeal of certain provisions upon expiration thereof The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem- bly, do enact as follows: 1 Section 1. Legislative findings and intent. The transportation of 2 school children to and from school is an important component of the 3 state's obligation to ensure adequate support of a public school system 4 for the education of all children of the State. Safely transporting 5 students to and from school is necessary to afford all children of the 6 State an education. School bus cameras and speed cameras in school 7 zones contribute to students' safety and reduce unnecessary dangers 8 students face when travelling to school. Furthermore, high population 9 cities in New York have more students living in close proximity to the 10 students' schools, so the use of photo enforcement to deter motorists EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [] is old law to be omitted. LBD16291-02-8S. 9031 2 1 from passing stopped school buses and speeding in school zones helps to 2 ensure that students are less at risk when walking or riding to and from 3 school. Therefore, the legislature finds and declares that it is a 4 substantial state concern, with an impact well beyond a single munici- 5 pality, to ensure safe access to schools through the use of photo 6 enforcement as provided in this act. 7 § 2. Section 1604 of the education law is amended by adding a new 8 subdivision 43 to read as follows: 9 43. To pass, in the discretion of the trustees, a resolution authoriz- 10 ing the use of school bus cameras pursuant to section eleven hundred 11 eighteen of the vehicle and traffic law, provided that the trustees may 12 also enter into contracts with a third party for the installation, 13 administration, operation, notice processing, and maintenance of such 14 cameras, and for the sharing of revenue derived from such cameras pursu- 15 ant to section eleven hundred eighteen of the vehicle and traffic law, 16 provided that the purchase, lease, installation, operation and mainte- 17 nance, or any other costs associated with such cameras shall not be 18 considered an aidable expense pursuant to section thirty-six hundred 19 twenty-three-a of this chapter. 20 § 3. Section 1709 of the education law is amended by adding a new 21 subdivision 43 to read as follows: 22 43. To pass a resolution, in the discretion of the board, authorizing 23 the use of school bus cameras pursuant to section eleven hundred eigh- 24 teen of the vehicle and traffic law, provided that the board may also 25 enter into contracts with a third party for the installation, adminis- 26 tration, operation, notice processing, and maintenance of such cameras, 27 and for the sharing of revenue derived from such cameras pursuant to 28 section eleven hundred eighteen of the vehicle and traffic law, provided 29 that the purchase, lease, installation, operation and maintenance, or 30 any other costs associated with such cameras shall not be considered an 31 aidable expense pursuant to section thirty-six hundred twenty-three-a of 32 this chapter. 33 § 4. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 34 1118 to read as follows: 35 § 1118. Owner liability for operator illegally overtaking or passing a 36 school bus. (a) 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, each 37 board of education or trustees of a school district is hereby authorized 38 and empowered to adopt and amend a resolution establishing a school bus 39 safety camera program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 40 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with section eleven 41 hundred seventy-four of this title. Such program shall empower a board 42 of education or school district or school bus transportation contractor 43 that has contracted with such school district to install school bus 44 safety cameras upon school buses operated by or contracted with such 45 district. 46 2. Such program shall utilize necessary technologies to ensure, to the 47 extent practicable, that photographs produced by such school bus safety 48 cameras shall not include images that identify the driver, the passen- 49 gers, or the contents of the vehicle. Provided, however, that no notice 50 of liability issued pursuant to this section shall be dismissed solely 51 because a photograph or photographs allow for the identification of the 52 contents of a vehicle, provided that such school district has made a 53 reasonable effort to comply with the provisions of this paragraph. 54 (b) In any school district which has adopted a resolution pursuant to 55 subdivision (a) of this section, the owner of a vehicle shall be liable 56 for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section if such vehicle was usedS. 9031 3 1 or operated with the permission of the owner, express or implied, in 2 violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of 3 this title, and such violation is evidenced by information obtained from 4 a school bus safety camera; provided however that no owner of a vehicle 5 shall be liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section where the 6 operator of such vehicle has been convicted of the underlying violation 7 of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title. 8 (c) For purposes of this section, "owner" shall have the meaning 9 provided in article two-B of this chapter. For purposes of this section, 10 "school bus safety camera" shall mean an automated photo monitoring 11 device affixed to the outside of a school bus and designated to detect 12 and store one or more images of motor vehicles that overtake or pass 13 school buses in violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred 14 seventy-four of this title. 15 (d) No school district or school bus transportation contractor that 16 has installed cameras pursuant to this section shall access the images 17 from such cameras but shall provide, pursuant to an agreement with the 18 appropriate law enforcement agency or agencies, for the proper handling 19 and custody of such images for the forwarding of such images from such 20 cameras to a law enforcement agency having jurisdiction in the area in 21 which the violation occurred for the purpose of imposing monetary 22 liability on the owner of a motor vehicle for illegally overtaking or 23 passing a school bus in violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven 24 hundred seventy-four of this title. After receipt of such images a 25 police officer shall inspect such images to determine whether a 26 violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of 27 this title was committed. Upon such a finding a certificate, sworn to or 28 affirmed by an officer of such agency, or a facsimile thereof, based 29 upon inspection of photographs, microphotographs or other recorded 30 images produced by a school bus safety camera, shall be prima facie 31 evidence of the facts contained therein. Any photographs, microphoto- 32 graphs or other recorded images evidencing such a violation shall be 33 available for inspection in any proceeding to adjudicate the liability 34 for such violation. 35 (e) An owner found liable pursuant to this section for a violation of 36 subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title 37 shall be liable for a monetary penalty of two hundred fifty dollars. 38 (e-1) Payment of the monetary penalty imposed by subdivision (e) of 39 this section shall be payable to the municipality where the violation 40 occurred, provided however, the school district shall be entitled to a 41 portion of the monetary penalty that equals the cost to the school 42 district of purchasing and maintaining the cameras. Nothing herein shall 43 prevent the municipality from entering into a memorandum of understand- 44 ing with the school district to return an additional portion of such 45 penalty received to the school district. 46 (f) An imposition of liability under this section shall not be deemed 47 a conviction as an operator and shall not be made part of the operating 48 record of the person upon whom such liability is imposed nor shall it be 49 used for insurance purposes in the provision of motor vehicle insurance 50 coverage. 51 (g) 1. A notice of liability shall be sent by the respective law 52 enforcement agency by first class mail to each person alleged to be 53 liable as an owner for a violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven 54 hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to this section. Personal 55 delivery on the owner shall not be required. A manual or automaticS. 9031 4 1 record of mailing prepared in the ordinary course of business shall be 2 prima facie evidence of the facts contained therein. 3 2. A notice of liability shall contain the name and address of the 4 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of subdivision 5 (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to 6 this section, the registration number of the vehicle involved in such 7 violation, the location where such violation took place, the date and 8 time of such violation and the identification number of the camera which 9 recorded the violation or other document locator number. 10 3. The notice of liability shall contain information advising the 11 person charged of the manner and the time in which he may contest the 12 liability alleged in the notice. Such notice of liability shall also 13 contain a warning to advise the persons charged that failure to contest 14 in the manner and time provided shall be deemed an admission of liabil- 15 ity and that a default judgement may be entered thereon. 16 4. The notice of liability shall be prepared and mailed by the respec- 17 tive law enforcement agency having jurisdiction over the location where 18 the violation occurred. 19 (h) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners by this section 20 shall be by a traffic violations bureau established pursuant to section 21 three hundred seventy of the general municipal law or, if there be none, 22 by the court having jurisdiction over traffic infractions, except that 23 any city which has established or designated an administrative tribunal 24 to hear and determine owner liability established by this article for 25 failure to comply with traffic-control indications shall use such tribu- 26 nal to adjudicate the liability imposed by this section. 27 (i) If an owner receives a notice of liability pursuant to this 28 section for any time period during which the vehicle was reported to a 29 police department as having been stolen, it shall be a valid defense to 30 an allegation of liability for a violation of subdivision (a) of section 31 eleven hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to this section that 32 the vehicle had been reported to the police as stolen prior to the time 33 the violation occurred and had not been recovered by such time. For 34 purposes of asserting the defense provided by this subdivision it shall 35 be sufficient that a certified copy of the police report on the stolen 36 vehicle be sent by first class mail to the traffic violations bureau, 37 court having jurisdiction or parking violations bureau. 38 (j) Where the adjudication of liability imposed upon owners pursuant 39 to this section is by an administrative tribunal, traffic violations 40 bureau, or a court having jurisdiction, an owner who is a lessor of a 41 vehicle to which a notice of liability was issued pursuant to subdivi- 42 sion (g) of this section shall not be liable for the violation of subdi- 43 vision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title, 44 provided that he or she sends to the administrative tribunal, traffic 45 violations bureau, or court having jurisdiction a copy of the rental, 46 lease or other such contract document covering such vehicle on the date 47 of the violation, with the name and address of the lessee clearly legi- 48 ble, within thirty-seven days after receiving notice from the bureau or 49 court of the date and time of such violation, together with the other 50 information contained in the original notice of liability. Failure to 51 send such information within such thirty-seven day time period shall 52 render the owner liable for the penalty prescribed by this section. 53 Where the lessor complies with the provisions of this paragraph, the 54 lessee of such vehicle on the date of such violation shall be deemed to 55 be the owner of such vehicle for purposes of this section, shall be 56 subject to liability for the violation of subdivision (a) of sectionS. 9031 5 1 eleven hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to this section and 2 shall be sent a notice of liability pursuant to subdivision (g) of this 3 section. 4 (k) 1. If the owner liable for a violation of subdivision (a) of 5 section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to this 6 section was not the operator of the vehicle at the time of the 7 violation, the owner may maintain an action for indemnification against 8 the operator. 9 2. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no owner of a 10 vehicle shall be subject to a monetary fine imposed pursuant to this 11 section if the operator of such vehicle was operating such vehicle with- 12 out the consent of the owner at the time such operator was found to have 13 been overtaking or passing a school bus. For purposes of this subdivi- 14 sion there shall be a presumption that the operator of such vehicle was 15 operating such vehicle with the consent of the owner at the time such 16 operator was found to have been overtaking or passing a school bus. 17 (l) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the liability 18 of an operator of a vehicle for any violation of subdivision (a) of 19 section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title. 20 (m) In any school district which adopts a school bus safety camera 21 program pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section, such school 22 district shall submit an annual report on the results of the use of its 23 school bus safety cameras to the governor, the temporary president of 24 the senate and the speaker of the assembly on or before June first, two 25 thousand nineteen and on the same date in each succeeding year in which 26 the demonstration program is operable. Such report shall include, but 27 not be limited to: 28 1. a description of the number of buses and routes where school bus 29 safety cameras were used; 30 2. the aggregate number of annual incidents of violations of subdivi- 31 sion (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title within the 32 districts; 33 3. the number of violations recorded by school bus safety cameras in 34 the aggregate and on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 35 4. the total number of notices of liability issued for violations 36 recorded by such systems; 37 5. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after first 38 notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; 39 6. the number of violations adjudicated and results of such adjudi- 40 cations including breakdowns of dispositions made for violations 41 recorded by such systems; 42 7. the total amount of revenue realized by such school district from 43 such adjudications; 44 8. expenses incurred by such school district in connection with the 45 program; and 46 9. quality of the adjudication process and its results. 47 (n) It shall be a defense to any prosecution for a violation of subdi- 48 vision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title that 49 such school bus safety cameras were malfunctioning at the time of the 50 alleged violation. 51 § 5. Paragraph 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle 52 and traffic law, as amended by chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, is 53 amended to read as follows: 54 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the city of New York is 55 hereby authorized to establish a demonstration program imposing monetary 56 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereofS. 9031 6 1 to comply with posted maximum speed limits in a school speed zone within 2 [the] such city (i) when a school speed limit is in effect as provided 3 in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section eleven hundred 4 eighty of this article or (ii) when other speed limits are in effect as 5 provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 6 eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on school days 7 during school hours and one hour before and one hour after the school 8 day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school and up to 9 thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes immediately 10 after such student activities. Such demonstration program shall empower 11 the city of New York to install photo speed violation monitoring systems 12 within no more than [one hundred forty] two hundred ninety school speed 13 zones within [the] such city at any one time and to operate such systems 14 within such zones (iii) when a school speed limit is in effect as 15 provided in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section eleven 16 hundred eighty of this article or (iv) when other speed limits are in 17 effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 18 hundred eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on school 19 days during school hours and one hour before and one hour after the 20 school day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school and 21 up to thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes imme- 22 diately after such student activities. In selecting a school speed zone 23 in which to install and operate a photo speed violation monitoring 24 system, the city of New York shall consider criteria including, but not 25 limited to, the speed data, crash history, and the roadway geometry 26 applicable to such school speed zone. Such city shall prioritize the 27 placement of photo speed violation monitoring systems in school speed 28 zones based upon speed data or the crash history of a school speed zone. 29 A photo speed violation monitoring system shall not be installed or 30 operated on a controlled-access highway exit ramp or within three 31 hundred feet along a highway that continues from the end of a cont- 32 rolled-access highway exit ramp. 33 § 6. Paragraph 2 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle 34 and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended 35 to read as follows: 36 2. No photo speed violation monitoring system shall be used in a 37 school speed zone unless (i) on the day it is to be used it has success- 38 fully passed a self-test of its functions; and (ii) it has undergone an 39 annual calibration check performed pursuant to paragraph four of this 40 subdivision. The city [may] shall install signs giving notice that a 41 photo speed violation monitoring system is in use to be mounted on 42 advance warning signs notifying approaching motor vehicle operators of 43 such upcoming school speed zone and/or on speed limit signs applicable 44 within such school speed zone, in conformance with standards established 45 in the MUTCD. Such advance warning signs shall also, to the extent 46 authorized by the MUTCD, contain the words "speed camera ahead" and be 47 no more than three hundred feet from such photo speed violation monitor- 48 ing system. 49 § 7. Paragraph 4 of subdivision (c) of section 1180-b of the vehicle 50 and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended 51 to read as follows: 52 4. "school speed zone" shall mean a radial distance not to exceed one 53 thousand three hundred twenty feet [on a highway passing] from a school 54 building, entrance, or exit [of a school abutting on the highway].S. 9031 7 1 § 8. Subdivision (n) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, 2 as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as 3 follows: 4 (n) If the city adopts a demonstration program pursuant to subdivision 5 [one] (a) of this section it shall conduct a study and submit [a] an 6 annual report on the results of the use of photo devices to the gover- 7 nor, the temporary president of the senate and the speaker of the assem- 8 bly on or before June first, two thousand nineteen and on the same date 9 in each succeeding year in which the demonstration program is operable. 10 Such report shall include: 11 1. the locations where and dates when photo speed violation monitoring 12 systems were used; 13 2. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, 14 injuries and property damage reported within all school speed zones 15 within the city, to the extent the information is maintained by the 16 department of motor vehicles of this state; 17 3. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, 18 injuries and property damage reported within school speed zones where 19 photo speed violation monitoring systems were used, to the extent the 20 information is maintained by the department of motor vehicles of this 21 state; 22 4. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones 23 within the city, in the aggregate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 24 5. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone 25 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used, in the aggre- 26 gate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 27 6. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones 28 within the city that were: 29 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the 30 posted speed limit; 31 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the 32 posted speed limit; 33 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the 34 posted speed limit; and 35 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 36 7. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone 37 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used that were: 38 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the 39 posted speed limit; 40 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the 41 posted speed limit; 42 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the 43 posted speed limit; and 44 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 45 8. the total number of notices of liability issued for violations 46 recorded by such systems; 47 9. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first 48 notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; 49 10. the number of violations adjudicated and the results of such adju- 50 dications including breakdowns of dispositions made for violations 51 recorded by such systems; 52 11. the total amount of revenue realized by the city in connection 53 with the program; 54 12. the expenses incurred by the city in connection with the program; 55 [and] 56 13. the quality of the adjudication process and its results; andS. 9031 8 1 14. the effectiveness and adequacy of the hours of operation for such 2 program to determine the impact on speeding violations and prevention of 3 crashes. 4 § 9. The opening paragraph of section 12 of chapter 43 of the laws of 5 2014, amending the vehicle and traffic law, the public officers law and 6 the general municipal law relating to photo speed violation monitoring 7 systems in school speed zones in the city of New York, is amended to 8 read as follows: 9 This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have 10 become a law [and]; provided that sections one through ten of this act 11 shall expire 4 years after such effective date when upon such date the 12 provisions of such sections of this act shall be deemed repealed; and 13 provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this 14 act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effec- 15 tive date, provided that: 16 § 10. The opening paragraph of section 15 of chapter 189 of the laws 17 of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers 18 law relating to establishing in a city with a population of one million 19 or more a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring 20 systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, is amended to 21 read as follows: 22 This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have 23 become a law and shall expire [5 years after such effective date when24upon such date the provisions of this act shall] and be deemed repealed 25 July 1, 2022; and provided further that any rules necessary for the 26 implementation of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on 27 or before such effective date, provided that: 28 § 11. Photo speed violation monitoring systems within the additional 29 150 school speed zones authorized for the city of New York by paragraph 30 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, 31 as amended by section one of this act, shall be authorized to be 32 installed over the 3 year period following the effective date of this 33 act as follows: 34 (a) in no more than 50 school speed zones during the first such year; 35 (b) in no more than 50 additional school speed zones during the second 36 such year; and 37 (c) in no more than 50 additional school speed zones during the third 38 such year. 39 § 12. Subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as 40 amended by section 1 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to 41 read as follows: 42 1. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special 43 or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which 44 heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative 45 tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions consti- 46 tuting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the 47 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven 48 hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 49 eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 50 violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 51 chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 52 chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and 53 twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the 54 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven 55 hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 56 eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners forS. 9031 9 1 violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 2 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 3 ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll 4 collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the 5 provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the 6 public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c 7 of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred 8 fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section 9 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane 10 restrictions as defined in subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of such 11 section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of 12 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 13 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 14 of owners for violations of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 15 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, 16 such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be 17 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. 18 § 12-a. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 19 section 1-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 20 follows: 21 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 22 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 23 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 24 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 25 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 26 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 27 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 28 eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 29 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 30 eleven of this chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred 31 eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 32 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to 33 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 34 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 35 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 36 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 37 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 38 eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 39 violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- 40 ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 41 five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 42 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 43 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with 44 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus 45 lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the 46 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 47 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 48 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or to adjudicate the 49 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 50 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 51 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, such tribunal and the 52 rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in 53 substantial conformance with the following sections. 54 § 12-b. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 55 section 1-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 56 follows:S. 9031 10 1 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 2 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 3 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 4 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 5 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 6 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 7 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with 8 sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections 9 sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of 10 two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 11 violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 12 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 13 ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivi- 14 sion (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance 15 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate 16 the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as 17 defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand 18 nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections 19 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four 20 of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of 21 owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- 22 ter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section, 23 or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 24 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 25 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, 26 or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 27 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 28 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, 29 such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be 30 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. 31 § 12-c. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 32 section 1-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 33 follows: 34 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 35 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 36 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 37 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 38 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 39 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 40 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 41 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 42 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 43 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 44 eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 45 violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- 46 ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 47 five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 48 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 49 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with 50 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus 51 lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the 52 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 53 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 54 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or to adjudicate the 55 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 56 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance withS. 9031 11 1 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, such tribunal and the 2 rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in 3 substantial conformance with the following sections. 4 § 12-d. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 5 section 1-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 6 follows: 7 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 8 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 9 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 10 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 11 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 12 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 13 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 14 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 15 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 16 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 17 eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 18 violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- 19 ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 20 five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 21 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 22 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners for violations of 23 subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 24 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, 25 or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 26 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 27 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, 28 such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be 29 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. 30 § 12-e. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 31 section 1-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 32 follows: 33 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 34 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 35 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 36 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 37 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 38 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 39 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 40 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 41 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 42 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 43 eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 44 violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- 45 ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 46 five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 47 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 48 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations 49 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 50 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 51 y-d of this chapter, such tribunal and the rules and regulations 52 pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with 53 the following sections. 54 § 12-f. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 55 section 1-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 56 follows:S. 9031 12 1 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 2 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 3 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 4 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 5 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 6 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 7 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 8 eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 9 of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in 10 and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine 11 hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections 12 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four 13 of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate the liability of 14 owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 15 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 16 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, such tribunal and the rules and 17 regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial 18 conformance with the following sections. 19 § 12-g. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as separately 20 amended by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972 and chapter 379 of the laws 21 of 1992, is amended to read as follows: 22 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 23 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 24 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 25 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 26 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 27 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection 28 regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of 29 section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities 30 law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 31 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adju- 32 dicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), 33 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 34 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, such 35 tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be 36 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. 37 § 13. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as 38 amended by section 2 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to 39 read as follows: 40 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 41 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 42 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a 43 parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to 44 subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or 45 subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as 46 added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two 47 of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven 48 hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section eleven 49 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate the liability of 50 owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- 51 en of this chapter in accordance with such section eleven hundred 52 eleven-a, sections eleven hundred eleven-b as added by sections sixteen 53 of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thou- 54 sand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred 55 eleven-e and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of 56 toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with theS. 9031 13 1 provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the 2 public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c 3 of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred 4 fifty and shall adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with 5 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus 6 lane restrictions as defined in such section and shall adjudicate the 7 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 8 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 9 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter and shall adjudicate the 10 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 11 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 12 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. Such tribunal, except 13 in a city with a population of one million or more, shall also have 14 jurisdiction of abandoned vehicle violations. For the purposes of this 15 article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regu- 16 lation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of 17 a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" 18 shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an 19 official possessing authority as such a commissioner. 20 § 13-a. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 21 as amended by section 2-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 22 to read as follows: 23 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 24 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 25 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a 26 parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to 27 subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as 28 added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two 29 of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven 30 hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section eleven 31 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate the liability of 32 owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- 33 en of this chapter in accordance with such sections eleven hundred 34 eleven-b as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, 35 and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven 36 hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred eleven-e; and shall adjudi- 37 cate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred 38 eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as 39 defined in such section and shall adjudicate liability of owners for 40 violations of subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty 41 of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of 42 this chapter and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations 43 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 44 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 45 y-d of this chapter. For the purposes of this article, a parking 46 violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for 47 or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi- 48 tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include 49 the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing 50 authority as such a commissioner. 51 § 13-b. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 52 as amended by section 2-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 53 to read as follows: 54 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 55 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 56 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute aS. 9031 14 1 parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to 2 subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d or subdivision (a) of 3 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate 4 liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c 5 of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in 6 such section; and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for 7 violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 8 hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 9 eighty-b of this chapter; and shall adjudicate the liability of owners 10 for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev- 11 en hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 12 hundred eighty-d of this chapter. For the purposes of this article, a 13 parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation 14 providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehi- 15 cle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean 16 and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official 17 possessing authority as such a commissioner. 18 § 13-c. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 19 as amended by section 2-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 20 to read as follows: 21 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 22 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 23 and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) 24 of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of 25 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction 26 of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and shall 27 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), 28 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 29 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter and 30 shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 31 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 32 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 33 For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation 34 of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, 35 stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this 36 article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf- 37 fic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commis- 38 sioner. 39 § 13-d. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 40 as amended by section 2-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 41 to read as follows: 42 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 43 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 44 and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) 45 of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of 46 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction 47 of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and shall 48 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), 49 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 50 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. For 51 the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of 52 any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, 53 stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this 54 article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf- 55 fic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commis- 56 sioner.S. 9031 15 1 § 13-e. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 2 as amended by section 2-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 3 to read as follows: 4 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 5 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 6 and where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of 7 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction 8 of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and shall 9 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), 10 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 11 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. For the 12 purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any 13 law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stop- 14 ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, 15 "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the 16 city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. 17 § 13-f. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 18 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, is amended to read as 19 follows: 20 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 21 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 22 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a 23 parking violation and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for 24 violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 25 hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 26 eighty-d of this chapter. For the purposes of this article, a parking 27 violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for 28 or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi- 29 tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include 30 the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing 31 authority as such a commissioner. 32 § 14. Section 237 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding 33 a new subdivision 16 to read as follows: 34 16. To adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivi- 35 sion (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this 36 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chap- 37 ter. 38 § 15. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 39 traffic law, as amended by section 4 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 40 is amended to read as follows: 41 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 42 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article, 43 but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant 44 to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-a of this 45 chapter, or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by 46 sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the 47 laws of two thousand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this 48 chapter, or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, and shall 49 not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 50 section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities 51 law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 52 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty and shall not 53 be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section 54 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to 55 include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred 56 eighty-b of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice ofS. 9031 16 1 liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 2 chapter. 3 § 15-a. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 4 traffic law, as amended by section 4-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 5 2015, is amended to read as follows: 6 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 7 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article but 8 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 9 authorization set forth in sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 10 chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and 11 twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred 12 eleven-d of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 13 chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued 14 pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall 15 not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 16 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter and shall not be deemed 17 to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven 18 hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 19 § 15-b. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 20 traffic law, as amended by section 4-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 21 2015, is amended to read as follows: 22 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 23 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 24 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 25 authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 26 ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set 27 forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not 28 be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section 29 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to 30 include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred 31 eighty-b of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of 32 liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 33 chapter. 34 § 15-c. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 35 traffic law, as amended by section 4-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 36 2015, is amended to read as follows: 37 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 38 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 39 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 40 authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 41 ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set 42 forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not 43 be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section 44 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter and shall not be deemed to 45 include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred 46 eighty-d of this chapter. 47 § 15-d. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 48 traffic law, as amended by section 4-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 49 2015, is amended to read as follows: 50 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 51 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 52 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 53 authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 54 ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set 55 forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall notS. 9031 17 1 be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section 2 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 3 § 15-e. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 4 traffic law, as amended by section 4-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 5 2015, is amended to read as follows: 6 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 7 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 8 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 9 authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 10 ter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued 11 pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 12 § 15-f. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 13 traffic law, as added by chapter 180 of the laws of 1980, is amended to 14 read as follows: 15 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 16 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 17 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 18 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 19 § 16. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic 20 law, as amended by section 5 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 21 amended to read as follows: 22 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 23 violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable 24 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or 25 sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections 26 sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of 27 two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or 28 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, for a violation of 29 subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter 30 contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance 31 with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 32 the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 33 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 34 hundred fifty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 35 provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 36 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests 37 such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 38 provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a 39 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 40 hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person 41 alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven 42 hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), 43 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter 44 contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally 45 by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date 46 on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The 47 form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the 48 director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading 49 or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any 50 subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, 51 and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 52 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 53 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 54 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or 55 sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections 56 sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws ofS. 9031 18 1 two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or 2 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of 3 liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 4 five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 5 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 6 hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accordance with section 7 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in 8 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or an 9 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 10 y-d of this chapter, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion 11 and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been 12 held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that 13 person prior to the date of the hearing. 14 § 16-a. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 15 fic law, as amended by section 5-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 16 are amended to read as follows: 17 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 18 violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable 19 in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as 20 added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two 21 of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of 22 this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 23 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 24 chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 25 provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 26 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests 27 such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 28 provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for 29 violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 30 hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person 31 alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven 32 hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), 33 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter 34 contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally 35 by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date 36 on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The 37 form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the 38 director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading 39 or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any 40 subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, 41 and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 42 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 43 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 44 in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as 45 added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two 46 of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven 47 hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven 48 hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in 49 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an 50 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 51 y-b of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with 52 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is being contested, by a 53 person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been 54 demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any 55 notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hear- 56 ing.S. 9031 19 1 § 16-b. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 2 fic law, as amended by section 5-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 3 are amended to read as follows: 4 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 5 violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable 6 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 7 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in 8 accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of 9 this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in 10 such section, contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable 11 in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of 12 this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 13 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, 14 or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of 15 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of 16 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 17 of this chapter contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such 18 person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may 19 direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge 20 at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be 21 prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the 22 person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on 23 any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liabil- 24 ity, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 25 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 26 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 27 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 28 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in 29 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an 30 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 31 y-b of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with 32 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is being contested, by a 33 person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been 34 demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any 35 notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hear- 36 ing. 37 § 16-c. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 38 fic law, as amended by section 5-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 39 are amended to read as follows: 40 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 41 violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable 42 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or a 43 person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred 44 eleven-e of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance 45 with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter 46 for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev- 47 en hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person 48 alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven 49 hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), 50 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter 51 contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally 52 by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date 53 on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The 54 form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the 55 director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading 56 that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequentS. 9031 20 1 adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a 2 default judgment may be entered thereon. 3 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 4 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 5 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or 6 the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accord- 7 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or the bureau 8 has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with 9 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or an allegation of 10 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 11 chapter, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hear- 12 ing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the 13 bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person 14 prior to the date of the hearing. 15 § 16-d. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 16 fic law, as amended by section 5-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 17 are amended to read as follows: 18 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 19 violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable 20 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter 21 contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance 22 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter contests such alle- 23 gation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 24 provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a 25 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 26 hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, the bureau 27 shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as 28 the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to 29 answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of 30 hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning 31 to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date 32 designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an 33 admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- 34 eon. 35 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 36 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 37 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, is 38 being contested, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of 39 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 40 chapter, or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 41 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, is being contested, by a person in a 42 timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has 43 not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or 44 penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. 45 § 16-e. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 46 fic law, as amended by section 5-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 47 are amended to read as follows: 48 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 49 violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable 50 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter 51 contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance 52 with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter 53 for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 54 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, the 55 bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class 56 mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she mustS. 9031 21 1 appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such 2 notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain 3 a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the 4 date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an 5 admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- 6 eon. 7 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 8 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 9 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or 10 an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 11 eighty-d of this chapter, is being contested, by a person in a timely 12 fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet 13 been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to 14 that person prior to the date of the hearing. 15 § 16-f. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 16 fic law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, and 17 subdivision 1-a as added by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended 18 to read as follows: 19 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 20 violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable 21 in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-d of 22 this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 23 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, 24 the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first 25 class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he must 26 appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such 27 notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain 28 a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the 29 date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an 30 admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- 31 eon. 32 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 33 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 34 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is 35 being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the 36 merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall 37 not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date 38 of the hearing. 39 § 17. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi- 40 cle and traffic law, as amended by section 6 of chapter 222 of the laws 41 of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 42 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 43 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 44 eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred 45 eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 46 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 47 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 48 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an 49 allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine 50 hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, 51 sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the 52 laws of nineteen hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accord- 53 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allega- 54 tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of 55 this chapter, or an allegation of liability in accordance with section 56 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, shall be held before a hearingS. 9031 22 1 examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the 2 bureau. 3 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 4 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 5 eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred 6 eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 7 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 8 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter is 9 contested or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 10 chapter is contested or of a hearing at which liability in accordance 11 with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public author- 12 ities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter 13 seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty is 14 contested or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section 15 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or of a hearing at which liabil- 16 ity in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter 17 or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven 18 hundred eighty-d of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be 19 used for the making of the record. 20 § 17-a. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 21 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-a of chapter 222 of the 22 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 23 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 24 or an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred 25 eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 26 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 27 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 28 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an 29 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 30 eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 31 with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or an allegation of 32 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 33 chapter, shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with 34 rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. 35 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 36 hearing at which liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred 37 eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 38 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 39 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 40 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of a 41 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 42 eleven-c of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- 43 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or of a hear- 44 ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 45 y-d of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be used for the 46 making of the record. 47 § 17-b. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 48 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-b of chapter 222 of the 49 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 50 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 51 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 52 eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 53 with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of 54 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this 55 chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 56 hundred eighty-b of this chapter or an allegation of liability inS. 9031 23 1 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter shall be 2 held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations 3 promulgated by the bureau. 4 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 5 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 6 eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- 7 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or of a hear- 8 ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 9 eleven-c of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- 10 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or of a hear- 11 ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 12 y-d of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be used for the 13 making of the record. 14 § 17-c. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 15 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-c of chapter 222 of the 16 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 17 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 18 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 19 eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 20 with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of 21 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this 22 chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 23 hundred eighty-d of this chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner 24 in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. 25 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 26 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 27 eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- 28 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or of a hear- 29 ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 30 y-b of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accordance 31 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is contested. 32 Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. 33 § 17-d. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 34 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-d of chapter 222 of the 35 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 36 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 37 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 38 eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 39 with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of 40 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 41 chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules 42 and regulations promulgated by the bureau. 43 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a 44 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 45 eleven-d of this chapter is contested or a hearing at which liability in 46 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or a 47 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 48 eighty-d of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be used for 49 the making of the record. 50 § 17-e. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 51 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-e of chapter 222 of the 52 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 53 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 54 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 55 eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 56 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter shall be heldS. 9031 24 1 before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations 2 promulgated by the bureau. 3 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a 4 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 5 eleven-e of this chapter or a hearing at which liability in accordance 6 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is contested. 7 Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. 8 § 17-f. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 9 vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, 10 are amended to read as follows: 11 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 12 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 13 eighty-d of this chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner in 14 accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. 15 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a 16 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 17 eighty-d of this chapter. Recording devices may be used for the making 18 of the record. 19 § 18. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 20 law, as amended by section 7 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 21 amended to read as follows: 22 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 23 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 24 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 25 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 26 incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this 27 chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 28 chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and 29 twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with 30 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with 31 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or the record of liabil- 32 ities incurred in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred 33 eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, 34 sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the 35 laws of nineteen hundred fifty of the person charged, or the record of 36 liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c 37 of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance 38 with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or in the record 39 of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 40 y-d of this chapter of the person charged, as applicable prior to 41 rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or 42 dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll main- 43 tained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpay- 44 ment of penalties. 45 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 46 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 47 with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance 48 with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by 49 sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the 50 laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred 51 eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred 52 eleven-e of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability 53 in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the 54 public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of 55 chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred 56 fifty, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance withS. 9031 25 1 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or fails to contest an 2 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 3 y-b of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability in 4 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or fails 5 to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or 6 fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing 7 examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the 8 bureau, such failure to plead or contest, appear or comply shall be 9 deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds 10 for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by 11 the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration 12 of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default 13 judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the 14 applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form 15 of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation 16 charged, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a 17 of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b 18 of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twen- 19 ty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance 20 with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance 21 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liabil- 22 ity in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 23 the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 24 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 25 hundred fifty alleged or liability in accordance with section eleven 26 hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liability in accordance with section 27 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, or liability in accord- 28 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter alleged, (2) 29 of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be 30 entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been 31 established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place 32 provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, 33 and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting 34 an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 35 eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred 36 eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 37 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 38 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 39 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or 40 contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section two 41 thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or 42 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 43 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or contesting an 44 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 45 eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in 46 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or 47 contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 48 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, as appropriate, or making an appear- 49 ance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered and 50 allegations contested within that period shall be in the manner 51 prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. 52 Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to 53 the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who 54 are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default 55 judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default 56 judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the timeS. 9031 26 1 prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an allegation. When a 2 person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for 3 any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner 4 shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he or she 5 shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person 6 was originally charged. 7 § 18-a. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 8 law, as amended by section 7-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 9 amended to read as follows: 10 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 11 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 12 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 13 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 14 incurred in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 15 chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and 16 twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with 17 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with 18 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged, 19 or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven 20 hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred 21 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or 22 the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven 23 hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the person charged, as applicable 24 prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain- 25 ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll 26 maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and 27 nonpayment of penalties. 28 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 29 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 30 with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by 31 sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the 32 laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred 33 eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred 34 eleven-e of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability 35 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or 36 fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with 37 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or fails to contest an 38 allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven 39 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or fails to appear on a designated 40 hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to 41 comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by 42 this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to 43 plead, contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an 44 admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a 45 default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of 46 the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date 47 prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 48 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 49 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 50 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, 51 or liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 52 chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, 53 and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with 54 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with 55 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or liability in accord- 56 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liabilityS. 9031 27 1 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter 2 alleged, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d 3 of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that 4 such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which 5 the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or 6 any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the 7 state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a 8 plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 9 sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections 10 sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of 11 two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 12 of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of 13 this chapter, or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance 14 with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an 15 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 16 y-b of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accord- 17 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, as appropri- 18 ate, or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such 19 notice. Pleas entered and allegations contested within that period shall 20 be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional 21 penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be 22 required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of opera- 23 tors or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no 24 case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice 25 of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the 26 expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an 27 allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty 28 shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If 29 the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustain- 30 ing them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those 31 upon which the person was originally charged. 32 § 18-b. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 33 law, as amended by section 7-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 34 amended to read as follows: 35 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 36 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 37 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine the 38 prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in 39 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the 40 person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with 41 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the person charged, 42 or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven 43 hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred 44 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or 45 the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven 46 hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the person charged, as applicable, 47 prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain- 48 ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll 49 maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and 50 nonpayment of penalties. 51 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 52 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 53 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or contest an 54 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 55 eleven-d of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability 56 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, orS. 9031 28 1 fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with 2 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or fails to contest an 3 allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven 4 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or fails to appear on a designated 5 hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to 6 comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by 7 this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to 8 plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission 9 of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default 10 judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the 11 bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed 12 for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in 13 such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law 14 notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the 15 commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, or liability in 16 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or 17 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this 18 chapter, or alleged liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 19 eleven-c of this chapter or alleged liability in accordance with section 20 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or alleged liability in accord- 21 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, (2) of the 22 impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in 23 the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or 24 other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the 25 entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a 26 default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of 27 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 28 chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 29 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allega- 30 tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of 31 this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 32 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or contesting an allega- 33 tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of 34 this chapter or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending 35 of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner 36 prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. 37 Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to 38 the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who 39 are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default 40 judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default 41 judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time 42 prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, 43 no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding 44 of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on 45 the charges, sustaining them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty 46 or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged. 47 § 18-c. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 48 law, as amended by section 7-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 49 amended to read as follows: 50 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 51 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 52 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 53 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 54 incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this 55 chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in 56 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of theS. 9031 29 1 person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with 2 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or the record of 3 liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d 4 of this chapter of the person charged, as applicable, prior to rendering 5 a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing 6 charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the 7 bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penal- 8 ties. 9 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 10 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 11 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- 12 gation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 13 of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred 14 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or 15 fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with 16 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or fails to appear on a 17 designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a 18 hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as 19 prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such 20 failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an 21 admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a 22 default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of 23 the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date 24 prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 25 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 26 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 27 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or 28 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 29 chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 30 of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 31 eighty-b of this chapter alleged, or liability in accordance with 32 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter alleged, (2) of the 33 impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in 34 the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or 35 other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the 36 entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a 37 default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of 38 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 39 chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 40 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allega- 41 tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of 42 this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 43 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or making an appearance 44 within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within 45 that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not 46 subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default 47 judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof 48 in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of 49 New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where 50 required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two 51 years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. 52 When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be 53 imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the 54 hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining 55 them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which 56 the person was originally charged.S. 9031 30 1 § 18-d. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 2 law, as amended by section 7-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 3 amended to read as follows: 4 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 5 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 6 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 7 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 8 incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 9 chapter of the person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in 10 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the 11 person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with 12 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the person charged, 13 as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determi- 14 nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final 15 determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records show- 16 ing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 17 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 18 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 19 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- 20 gation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 21 of this chapter or contest an allegation of liability incurred in 22 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or fails 23 to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or 24 fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing 25 examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the 26 bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all 27 purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering 28 and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and 29 regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original 30 date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 31 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 32 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 33 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or 34 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 35 chapter alleged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 36 eleven-d of this chapter alleged or liability in accordance with section 37 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending 38 default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil 39 Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other 40 court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of 41 civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may 42 be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability 43 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or 44 contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 45 hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liabil- 46 ity in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter 47 or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such 48 notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner 49 prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. 50 Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to 51 the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who 52 are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default 53 judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default 54 judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time 55 prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no 56 fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding ofS. 9031 31 1 the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the 2 charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine 3 than those upon which the person was originally charged. 4 § 18-e. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 5 law, as amended by section 7-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 6 amended to read as follows: 7 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 8 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 9 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine the 10 prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in 11 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the 12 person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with 13 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the person charged, 14 as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determi- 15 nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final 16 determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records show- 17 ing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 18 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 19 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 20 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- 21 gation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred 22 eighty-d of this chapter or fails to appear on a designated hearing date 23 or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the 24 determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by 25 rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or 26 comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and 27 shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an 28 amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, 29 after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea 30 and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau 31 shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator 32 or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; 33 (1) of the violation charged or liability in accordance with section 34 eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liability in accord- 35 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter alleged, (2) 36 of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be 37 entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been 38 established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place 39 provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, 40 and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting 41 an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 42 eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in 43 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or 44 making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. 45 Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in 46 the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of 47 impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering 48 and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-resi- 49 dents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be 50 rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be 51 sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed 52 for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or 53 penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the 54 hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the 55 charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine 56 than those upon which the person was originally charged.S. 9031 32 1 § 18-f. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 2 law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, and 3 subdivision 2 as amended by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended 4 to read as follows: 5 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 6 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 7 mines that the charges have been sustained he may examine the prior 8 parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in 9 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the 10 person charged, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. 11 Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered 12 on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with 13 records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 14 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 15 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability incurred in 16 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or fails 17 to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or 18 fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing 19 examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the 20 bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all 21 purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering 22 and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and 23 regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original 24 date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 25 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 26 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 27 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or 28 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 29 chapter alleged, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such 30 judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the 31 bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any 32 other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state 33 of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or 34 contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 35 hundred eighty-d of this chapter or making an appearance within thirty 36 days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period 37 shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to addi- 38 tional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall 39 not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of 40 operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In 41 no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a 42 notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after 43 the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person 44 has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any 45 reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner 46 shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shall 47 impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was 48 originally charged. 49 § 19. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 50 1180-d to read as follows: 51 § 1180-d. Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with 52 certain posted maximum speed limits. (a) 1. Notwithstanding any other 53 provision of law, the city of Buffalo is hereby authorized to establish 54 a demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 55 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with posted maximum 56 speed limits in a school speed zone within the city (i) when a schoolS. 9031 33 1 speed limit is in effect as provided in paragraphs one and two of subdi- 2 vision (c) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article or (ii) when 3 other speed limits are in effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), 4 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article during the 5 following times: (A) on school days during school hours and one hour 6 before and one hour after the school day, and (B) a period during 7 student activities at the school and up to thirty minutes immediately 8 before and up to thirty minutes immediately after such student activ- 9 ities. Such demonstration program shall empower the city to install 10 photo speed violation monitoring systems within no more than twenty 11 school speed zones within the city at any one time and to operate such 12 systems within such zones (iii) when a school speed limit is in effect 13 as provided in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section 14 eleven hundred eighty of this article or (iv) when other speed limits 15 are in effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section 16 eleven hundred eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on 17 school days during school hours and one hour before and one hour after 18 the school day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school 19 and up to thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes 20 immediately after such student activities. In selecting a school speed 21 zone in which to install and operate a photo speed violation monitoring 22 system, the city shall consider criteria including, but not limited to 23 the speed data, crash history, and the roadway geometry applicable to 24 such school speed zone. 25 2. No photo speed violation monitoring system shall be used in a 26 school speed zone unless (i) on the day it is to be used it has success- 27 fully passed a self-test of its functions; and (ii) it has undergone an 28 annual calibration check performed pursuant to paragraph four of this 29 subdivision. The city shall install signs giving notice that a photo 30 speed violation monitoring system is in use to be mounted on advance 31 warning signs notifying motor vehicle operators of such upcoming school 32 speed zone and/or on speed limit signs applicable within such school 33 speed zone, in conformance with standards established in the MUTCD. 34 3. Operators of photo speed violation monitoring systems shall have 35 completed training in the procedures for setting up, testing, and oper- 36 ating such systems. Each such operator shall complete and sign a daily 37 set-up log for each such system that he or she operates that (i) states 38 the date and time when, and the location where, the system was set up 39 that day, and (ii) states that such operator successfully performed, and 40 the system passed, the self-tests of such system before producing a 41 recorded image that day. The city shall retain each such daily log 42 until the later of the date on which the photo speed violation monitor- 43 ing system to which it applies has been permanently removed from use or 44 the final resolution of all cases involving notices of liability issued 45 based on photographs, microphotographs, video or other recorded images 46 produced by such system. 47 4. Each photo speed violation monitoring system shall undergo an annu- 48 al calibration check performed by an independent calibration laboratory 49 which shall issue a signed certificate of calibration. The city shall 50 keep each such annual certificate of calibration on file until the final 51 resolution of all cases involving a notice of liability issued during 52 such year which were based on photographs, microphotographs, videotape 53 or other recorded images produced by such photo speed violation monitor- 54 ing system. 55 5. (i) Such demonstration program shall utilize necessary technologies 56 to ensure, to the extent practicable, that photographs, microphoto-S. 9031 34 1 graphs, videotape or other recorded images produced by such photo speed 2 violation monitoring systems shall not include images that identify the 3 driver, the passengers, or the contents of the vehicle. Provided, howev- 4 er, that no notice of liability issued pursuant to this section shall be 5 dismissed solely because such a photograph, microphotograph, videotape 6 or other recorded image allows for the identification of the driver, the 7 passengers, or the contents of vehicles where the city shows that it 8 made reasonable efforts to comply with the provisions of this paragraph 9 in such case. 10 (ii) Photographs, microphotographs, videotape or any other recorded 11 image from a photo speed violation monitoring system shall be for the 12 exclusive use of the city for the purpose of the adjudication of liabil- 13 ity imposed pursuant to this section and of the owner receiving a notice 14 of liability pursuant to this section, and shall be destroyed by the 15 city upon the final resolution of the notice of liability to which such 16 photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded images 17 relate, or one year following the date of issuance of such notice of 18 liability, whichever is later. Notwithstanding the provisions of any 19 other law, rule or regulation to the contrary, photographs, microphoto- 20 graphs, videotape or any other recorded image from a photo speed 21 violation monitoring system shall not be open to the public, nor subject 22 to civil or criminal process or discovery, nor used by any court or 23 administrative or adjudicatory body in any action or proceeding therein 24 except that which is necessary for the adjudication of a notice of 25 liability issued pursuant to this section, and no public entity or 26 employee, officer or agent thereof shall disclose such information, 27 except that such photographs, microphotographs, videotape or any other 28 recorded images from such systems: 29 (A) shall be available for inspection and copying and use by the motor 30 vehicle owner and operator for so long as such photographs, microphoto- 31 graphs, videotape or other recorded images are required to be maintained 32 or are maintained by such public entity, employee, officer or agent; and 33 (B) (1) shall be furnished when described in a search warrant issued 34 by a court authorized to issue such a search warrant pursuant to article 35 six hundred ninety of the criminal procedure law or a federal court 36 authorized to issue such a search warrant under federal law, where such 37 search warrant states that there is reasonable cause to believe such 38 information constitutes evidence of, or tends to demonstrate that, a 39 misdemeanor or felony offense was committed in this state or another 40 state, or that a particular person participated in the commission of a 41 misdemeanor or felony offense in this state or another state, provided, 42 however, that if such offense was against the laws of another state, the 43 court shall only issue a warrant if the conduct comprising such offense 44 would, if occurring in this state, constitute a misdemeanor or felony 45 against the laws of this state; and 46 (2) shall be furnished in response to a subpoena duces tecum signed by 47 a judge of competent jurisdiction and issued pursuant to article six 48 hundred ten of the criminal procedure law or a judge or magistrate of a 49 federal court authorized to issue such a subpoena duces tecum under 50 federal law, where the judge finds and the subpoena states that there is 51 reasonable cause to believe such information is relevant and material to 52 the prosecution, or the defense, or the investigation by an authorized 53 law enforcement official, of the alleged commission of a misdemeanor or 54 felony in this state or another state, provided, however, that if such 55 offense was against the laws of another state, such judge or magistrate 56 shall only issue such subpoena if the conduct comprising such offenseS. 9031 35 1 would, if occurring in this state, constitute a misdemeanor or felony in 2 this state; and 3 (3) may, if lawfully obtained pursuant to this clause and clause (A) 4 of this subparagraph and otherwise admissible, be used in such criminal 5 action or proceeding. 6 (b) If the city of Buffalo establishes a demonstration program pursu- 7 ant to subdivision (a) of this section, the owner of a vehicle shall be 8 liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section if such vehicle 9 was used or operated with the permission of the owner, express or 10 implied, within a school speed zone in violation of subdivision (c) or 11 during the times authorized pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section 12 in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 13 hundred eighty of this article, such vehicle was traveling at a speed of 14 more than ten miles per hour above the posted speed limit in effect 15 within such school speed zone, and such violation is evidenced by infor- 16 mation obtained from a photo speed violation monitoring system; provided 17 however that no owner of a vehicle shall be liable for a penalty imposed 18 pursuant to this section where the operator of such vehicle has been 19 convicted of the underlying violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 20 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article. 21 (c) For purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the 22 following meanings: 23 1. "manual on uniform traffic control devices" or "MUTCD" shall mean 24 the manual and specifications for a uniform system of traffic control 25 devices maintained by the commissioner of transportation pursuant to 26 section sixteen hundred eighty of this chapter; 27 2. "owner" shall have the meaning provided in article two-B of this 28 chapter; 29 3. "photo speed violation monitoring system" shall mean a vehicle 30 sensor installed to work in conjunction with a speed measuring device 31 which automatically produces two or more photographs, two or more micro- 32 photographs, a videotape or other recorded images of each vehicle at the 33 time it is used or operated in a school speed zone in violation of 34 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 35 of this article in accordance with the provisions of this section; and 36 4. "school speed zone" shall mean a distance not to exceed one thou- 37 sand three hundred twenty feet on a highway passing a school building, 38 entrance or exit of a school abutting on the highway. 39 (d) A certificate, sworn to or affirmed by a technician employed by 40 the city of Buffalo, or a facsimile thereof, based upon inspection of 41 photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded images 42 produced by a photo speed violation monitoring system, shall be prima 43 facie evidence of the facts contained therein. Any photographs, micro- 44 photographs, videotape or other recorded images evidencing such a 45 violation shall include at least two date and time stamped images of the 46 rear of the motor vehicle that include the same stationary object near 47 the motor vehicle and shall be available for inspection reasonably in 48 advance of and at any proceeding to adjudicate the liability for such 49 violation pursuant to this section. 50 (e) An owner liable for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 51 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to a 52 demonstration program established pursuant to this section shall be 53 liable for monetary penalties in accordance with a schedule of fines and 54 penalties to be promulgated by the parking violations bureau of the city 55 of Buffalo. The liability of the owner pursuant to this section shall 56 not exceed fifty dollars for each violation; provided, however, thatS. 9031 36 1 such parking violations bureau may provide for an additional penalty not 2 in excess of twenty-five dollars for each violation for the failure to 3 respond to a notice of liability within the prescribed time period. 4 (f) An imposition of liability under the demonstration program estab- 5 lished pursuant to this section shall not be deemed a conviction as an 6 operator and shall not be made part of the operating record of the 7 person upon whom such liability is imposed nor shall it be used for 8 insurance purposes in the provision of motor vehicle insurance coverage. 9 (g) 1. A notice of liability shall be sent by first class mail to each 10 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of subdivision 11 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this arti- 12 cle pursuant to this section, within fourteen business days if such 13 owner is a resident of this state and within forty-five business days if 14 such owner is a non-resident. Personal delivery on the owner shall not 15 be required. A manual or automatic record of mailing prepared in the 16 ordinary course of business shall be prima facie evidence of the facts 17 contained therein. 18 2. A notice of liability shall contain the name and address of the 19 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of subdivision 20 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this arti- 21 cle pursuant to this section, the registration number of the vehicle 22 involved in such violation, the location where such violation took 23 place, the date and time of such violation, the identification number of 24 the camera which recorded the violation or other document locator 25 number, at least two date and time stamped images of the rear of the 26 motor vehicle that include the same stationary object near the motor 27 vehicle, and the certificate charging the liability. 28 3. The notice of liability shall contain information advising the 29 person charged of the manner and the time in which he or she may contest 30 the liability alleged in the notice. Such notice of liability shall also 31 contain a prominent warning to advise the person charged that failure to 32 contest in the manner and time provided shall be deemed an admission of 33 liability and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 34 4. The notice of liability shall be prepared and mailed by the city of 35 Buffalo, or by any other entity authorized by the city to prepare and 36 mail such notice of liability. 37 (h) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners of this section 38 shall be by the city of Buffalo parking violations bureau. 39 (i) If an owner receives a notice of liability pursuant to this 40 section for any time period during which the vehicle or the number plate 41 or plates of such vehicle was reported to the police department as 42 having been stolen, it shall be a valid defense to an allegation of 43 liability for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 44 section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to this section 45 that the vehicle or the number plate or plates of such vehicle had been 46 reported to the police as stolen prior to the time the violation 47 occurred and had not been recovered by such time. For purposes of 48 asserting the defense provided by this subdivision, it shall be suffi- 49 cient that a certified copy of the police report on the stolen vehicle 50 or number plate or plates of such vehicle be sent by first class mail to 51 the city of Buffalo parking violations bureau or by any other entity 52 authorized by the city to prepare and mail such notice of liability. 53 (j) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners of this section 54 shall be by the city of Buffalo parking violations bureau. 55 (k) 1. An owner who is a lessor of a vehicle to which a notice of 56 liability was issued pursuant to subdivision (g) of this section shallS. 9031 37 1 not be liable for the violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) 2 of section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to this 3 section, provided that: 4 (i) prior to the violation, the lessor has filed with such parking 5 violations bureau in accordance with the provisions of section two 6 hundred thirty-nine of this chapter; and 7 (ii) within thirty-seven days after receiving notice from such divi- 8 sion of the date and time of a liability, together with the other infor- 9 mation contained in the original notice of liability, the lessor submits 10 to such division the correct name and address of the lessee of the vehi- 11 cle identified in the notice of liability at the time of such violation, 12 together with such other additional information contained in the rental, 13 lease or other contract document, as may be reasonably required by such 14 division pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated for such 15 purpose. 16 2. Failure to comply with subparagraph (ii) of paragraph one of this 17 subdivision shall render the owner liable for the penalty prescribed in 18 this section. 19 3. Where the lessor complies with the provisions of paragraph one of 20 this subdivision, the lessee of such vehicle on the date of such 21 violation shall be deemed to be the owner of such vehicle for purposes 22 of this section, shall be subject to liability for such violation pursu- 23 ant to this section and shall be sent a notice of liability pursuant to 24 subdivision (i) of this section. 25 (l) 1. If the owner liable for a violation of subdivision (c) or (d) 26 of section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to this 27 section was not the operator of the vehicle at the time of the 28 violation, the owner may maintain an action for indemnification against 29 the operator. 30 2. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no owner of a 31 vehicle shall be subject to a monetary fine imposed pursuant to this 32 section if the operator of such vehicle was operating such vehicle with- 33 out the consent of the owner at the time such operator operated such 34 vehicle in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 35 eleven hundred eighty of this article. For purposes of this subdivision 36 there shall be a presumption that the operator of such vehicle was oper- 37 ating such vehicle with the consent of the owner at the time of such 38 operator operated such vehicle in violation of subdivision (b), (c), 39 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article. 40 (m) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the liability 41 of an operator of a vehicle for any violation of subdivision (c) or (d) 42 of section eleven hundred eighty of this article. 43 (n) If the city adopts a demonstration program pursuant to subdivision 44 (a) of this section it shall conduct a study and submit a report on the 45 results of the use of photo devices to the governor, the temporary pres- 46 ident of the senate and the speaker of the assembly. Such report shall 47 include: 48 1. the locations where and dates when photo speed violation monitoring 49 systems were used; 50 2. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, 51 injuries and property damage reported within all school speed zones 52 within the city, to the extent the information is maintained by the 53 department of motor vehicles of this state; 54 3. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, 55 injuries and property damage reported within school speed zones where 56 photo speed violation monitoring systems were used, to the extent theS. 9031 38 1 information is maintained by the department of motor vehicles of this 2 state; 3 4. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones 4 within the city, in the aggregate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 5 5. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone 6 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used, in the aggre- 7 gate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 8 6. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones 9 within the city that were: 10 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the 11 posted speed limit; 12 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the 13 posted speed limit; 14 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the 15 posted speed limit; and 16 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 17 7. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone 18 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used that were: 19 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the 20 posted speed limit; 21 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the 22 posted speed limit; 23 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the 24 posted speed limit; and 25 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 26 8. the total number of notices of liability issued for violations 27 recorded by such systems; 28 9. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first 29 notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; 30 10. the number of violations adjudicated and the results of such adju- 31 dications including breakdowns of dispositions made for violations 32 recorded by such systems; 33 11. the total amount of revenue realized by the city in connection 34 with the program; 35 12. the expenses incurred by the city in connection with the program; 36 and 37 13. the quality of the adjudication process and its results. 38 (o) It shall be a defense to any prosecution for a violation of subdi- 39 vision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of 40 this article pursuant to this section that such photo speed violation 41 monitoring system was malfunctioning at the time of the alleged 42 violation. 43 § 20. The opening paragraph and paragraph (c) of subdivision 1 of 44 section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10 of 45 chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 46 Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this 47 state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter or a 48 traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule 49 or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic 50 infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by 51 pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of 52 an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 53 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 54 eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of 55 an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 56 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundredS. 9031 39 1 eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication in accordance 2 with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of 3 a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an 4 adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) 5 of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with 6 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju- 7 dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), 8 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 9 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or 10 other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of 11 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 12 of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of 13 this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for 14 a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 15 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 16 ter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 17 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 18 hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 19 eighty-d of this chapter, there shall be levied a crime victim assist- 20 ance fee and a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required 21 or permitted by law, in accordance with the following schedule: 22 (c) Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 23 this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter 24 other than a crime pursuant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this 25 chapter, or a traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, 26 ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other 27 than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or 28 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 29 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 30 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 31 hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of 32 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 33 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 34 hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of 35 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 36 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 37 hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an infraction pursuant 38 to article nine of this chapter or other than an adjudication of liabil- 39 ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant 40 to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- 41 ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 42 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or other than 43 an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of 44 this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in 45 such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for 46 a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 47 hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 48 eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of 49 an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 50 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 51 eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication 52 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 53 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 54 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of 55 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 56 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordanceS. 9031 40 1 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, there shall be 2 levied a crime victim assistance fee in the amount of five dollars and a 3 mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted 4 by law, in the amount of fifty-five dollars. 5 § 20-a. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 6 as amended by section 10-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 7 amended to read as follows: 8 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 9 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 10 traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule 11 or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic 12 infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equip- 13 ment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adju- 14 dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of 15 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 16 eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication 17 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 18 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 19 hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication in 20 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 21 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other 22 than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- 23 vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord- 24 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than 25 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 26 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 27 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, 28 or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 29 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 30 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 31 y-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an 32 owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 33 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 34 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication 35 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 36 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 37 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory 38 surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in 39 the amount of twenty-five dollars. 40 § 20-b. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 41 as amended by section 10-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 42 amended to read as follows: 43 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 44 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 45 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 46 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 47 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 48 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 49 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other 50 than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- 51 vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord- 52 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than 53 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 54 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 55 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, 56 or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violationS. 9031 41 1 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 2 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 3 y-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an 4 owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 5 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 6 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication 7 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 8 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 9 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory 10 surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in 11 the amount of seventeen dollars. 12 § 20-c. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 13 as amended by section 10-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 14 amended to read as follows: 15 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 16 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 17 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 18 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 19 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 20 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 21 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 22 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than 23 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 24 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 25 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, 26 or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 27 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 28 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 29 y-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an 30 owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- 31 en of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of 32 this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for 33 a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 34 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 35 ter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any 36 sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen 37 dollars. 38 § 20-d. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 39 as amended by section 10-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 40 amended to read as follows: 41 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 42 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 43 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 44 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 45 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 46 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 47 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 48 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than 49 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 50 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 51 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, 52 or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 53 of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in 54 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or 55 other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of 56 subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter inS. 9031 42 1 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there 2 shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence 3 required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. 4 § 20-e. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 5 as amended by section 10-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 6 amended to read as follows: 7 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 8 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 9 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 10 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 11 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 12 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 13 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 14 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or other than 15 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 16 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with 17 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju- 18 dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of 19 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 20 eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a manda- 21 tory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by 22 law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. 23 § 20-f. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 24 as amended by section 10-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 25 amended to read as follows: 26 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 27 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 28 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 29 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 30 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 31 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 32 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 33 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or other than 34 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 35 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with 36 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a 37 mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted 38 by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. 39 § 20-g. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 40 as separately amended by chapter 16 of the laws of 1983 and chapter 62 41 of the laws of 1989, is amended to read as follows: 42 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 43 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 44 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 45 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 46 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 47 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 48 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 49 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, there shall 50 be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or 51 permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. 52 § 21. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 53 and traffic law, as amended by section 11 of chapter 222 of the laws of 54 2015, is amended to read as follows: 55 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 56 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in aS. 9031 43 1 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 2 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 3 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 4 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 5 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 6 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 7 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 8 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 9 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 10 ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 11 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 12 of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in 13 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, and 14 except an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred 15 eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a bus lane restriction as 16 defined in such section, and except an adjudication of liability of an 17 owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 18 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 19 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of 20 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 21 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance 22 with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, and except an 23 adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection 24 regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 25 the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 26 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 27 hundred fifty, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner 28 for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 29 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 30 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, there shall be levied in addition to 31 any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, 32 an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 33 § 21-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 34 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-a of chapter 222 of the laws 35 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 36 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 37 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 38 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 39 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 40 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 41 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 42 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 43 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 44 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 45 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 46 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 47 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 48 ter, and except an adjudication in accordance with section eleven 49 hundred eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a bus lane 50 restriction as defined in such section, and except an adjudication of 51 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 52 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance 53 with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, and except an 54 adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 55 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 56 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter,S. 9031 44 1 and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of 2 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 3 of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of 4 this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 5 violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thou- 6 sand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections 7 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four 8 of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition 9 to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by 10 law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 11 § 21-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 12 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-b of chapter 222 of the laws 13 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 14 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 15 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 16 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 17 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 18 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 19 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 20 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 21 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 22 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 23 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 24 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 25 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 26 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 27 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 28 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 29 y-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 30 for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 31 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 32 hundred eighty-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liabil- 33 ity of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) 34 of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 35 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, and except an adjudi- 36 cation of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regu- 37 lations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the 38 public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of 39 chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred 40 fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or 41 other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of 42 twenty-eight dollars. 43 § 21-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 44 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-c of chapter 222 of the laws 45 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 46 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 47 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 48 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 49 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 50 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 51 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 52 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 53 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 54 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 55 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 56 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap-S. 9031 45 1 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 2 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 3 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 4 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 5 y-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 6 for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 7 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 8 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liabil- 9 ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant 10 to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- 11 ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 12 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall 13 be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge 14 required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight 15 dollars. 16 § 21-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 17 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-d of chapter 222 of the laws 18 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 19 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 20 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 21 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 22 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 23 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 24 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 25 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 26 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 27 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 28 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 29 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 30 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 31 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 32 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 33 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 34 y-d of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 35 for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two 36 thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or 37 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 38 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be 39 levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required 40 or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 41 § 21-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 42 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-e of chapter 222 of the laws 43 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 44 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 45 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 46 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 47 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 48 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 49 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 50 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 51 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 52 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 53 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 54 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 55 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 56 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundredS. 9031 46 1 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 2 y-d of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 3 for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two 4 thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or 5 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 6 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be 7 levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required 8 or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 9 § 21-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 10 and traffic law, as amended by section 5 of part C of chapter 55 of the 11 laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: 12 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 13 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 14 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 15 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 16 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 17 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 18 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 19 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 20 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 21 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 22 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 23 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 24 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 25 y-d of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 26 for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two 27 thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or 28 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 29 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be 30 levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required 31 or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 32 § 22. Subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 33 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8 of chapter 34 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 35 (i) If at the time of application for a registration or renewal there- 36 of there is a certification from a court, parking violations bureau, 37 traffic and parking violations agency or administrative tribunal of 38 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 39 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 40 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 41 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a 42 total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, 43 issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such 44 motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- 45 cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without 46 being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local 47 authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of 48 any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or 49 (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred 50 eleven-a, section eleven hundred eleven-b or section eleven hundred 51 eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 52 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was 53 liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- 54 ter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such 55 section, or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 56 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivisionS. 9031 47 1 (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or (v) the 2 registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c 3 of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (c) or (d) of section 4 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable 5 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 6 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 7 chapter, or (vii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 8 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 9 (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, the commis- 10 sioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal appli- 11 cation until the applicant provides proof from the court, traffic and 12 parking violations agency or administrative tribunal wherein the charges 13 are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of 14 an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules 15 and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. 16 Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commission- 17 er may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal appli- 18 cation to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registra- 19 tion or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in 20 the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that 21 such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivi- 22 sion and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that 23 such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the 24 purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as 25 long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an adminis- 26 trative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and 27 regulations following entry of a final decision. 28 § 22-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 29 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 30 2015, is amended to read as follows: 31 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 32 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 33 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 34 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 35 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 36 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a 37 total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, 38 issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such 39 motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- 40 cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without 41 being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local 42 authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of 43 any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or 44 (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred 45 eleven-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 46 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was 47 liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- 48 ter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such 49 section; or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 50 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 51 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter or (v) the regis- 52 trant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of 53 this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 54 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was 55 liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chap- 56 ter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of sectionS. 9031 48 1 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable 2 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 3 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 4 chapter; or (vii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 5 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 6 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 7 ter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or 8 renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or 9 administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appear- 10 ance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribu- 11 nal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said 12 tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is 13 denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her 14 discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other 15 person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 16 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 17 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 18 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 19 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 20 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 21 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 22 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 23 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 24 entry of a final decision. 25 § 22-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 26 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 27 2015, is amended to read as follows: 28 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 29 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 30 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 31 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 32 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 33 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 34 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 35 month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped 36 or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the 37 registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle 38 for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the 39 provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation 40 made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord- 41 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 42 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section; or (iii) 43 the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred 44 eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 45 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iv) the registrant was liable 46 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a 47 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 48 hundred eighty of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- 49 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for a 50 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 51 hundred eighty of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- 52 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a 53 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 54 hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was liable in 55 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 56 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of thisS. 9031 49 1 chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra- 2 tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the 3 court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an 4 appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative 5 tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of 6 said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application 7 is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her 8 discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other 9 person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 10 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 11 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 12 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 13 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 14 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 15 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 16 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 17 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 18 entry of a final decision. 19 § 22-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 20 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 21 2015, is amended to read as follows: 22 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 23 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 24 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 25 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 26 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 27 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 28 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 29 month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped 30 or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the 31 registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle 32 for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the 33 provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation 34 made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord- 35 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a 36 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 37 chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 38 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision 39 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 40 ter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven 41 hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), 42 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or the 43 registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d 44 of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) 45 of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (iv) the registrant 46 was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 47 chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 48 eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny 49 the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides 50 proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are 51 pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an 52 administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regu- 53 lations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an 54 application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in 55 his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any 56 other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewalS. 9031 50 1 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 2 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 3 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 4 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 5 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 6 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 7 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 8 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 9 entry of a final decision. 10 § 22-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 11 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 12 2015, is amended to read as follows: 13 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 14 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 15 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 16 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 17 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 18 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 19 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 20 month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or 21 standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- 22 trant or his agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by 23 the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions 24 of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a 25 local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section 26 eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision 27 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 28 ter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven 29 hundred eighty-d of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), 30 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or the 31 registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 32 of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven 33 hundred eleven of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- 34 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 35 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 36 chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra- 37 tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the 38 court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an 39 appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative 40 tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of 41 said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application 42 is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her 43 discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other 44 person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 45 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 46 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 47 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 48 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 49 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 50 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 51 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 52 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 53 entry of a final decision. 54 § 22-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 55 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 56 2015, is amended to read as follows:S. 9031 51 1 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 2 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 3 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 4 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 5 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 6 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 7 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 8 month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or 9 standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- 10 trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for 11 hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the 12 provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation 13 made by a local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance 14 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for violations of 15 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 16 of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section 17 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 18 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or the registrant 19 was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 20 chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 21 eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny 22 the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides 23 proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are 24 pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an 25 administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regu- 26 lations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an 27 application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in 28 his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any 29 other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 30 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 31 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 32 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 33 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 34 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 35 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 36 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 37 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 38 entry of a final decision. 39 § 22-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 40 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 41 2015, is amended to read as follows: 42 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 43 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 44 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 45 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 46 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 47 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 48 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 49 month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or 50 standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- 51 trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for 52 hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the 53 provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation 54 made by a local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance 55 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for violations of 56 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eightyS. 9031 52 1 of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section 2 eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 3 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner 4 or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application 5 until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative 6 tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer 7 has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has 8 complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry 9 of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this 10 section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a regis- 11 tration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle 12 and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor 13 vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner 14 has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the 15 purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable 16 grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the 17 effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall 18 only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in 19 the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply 20 with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. 21 § 22-g. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 22 and traffic law, as separately amended by chapters 339 and 592 of the 23 laws of 1987, is amended to read as follows: 24 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 25 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 26 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his representative 27 failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or 28 failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an administrative 29 tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or 30 more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, 31 charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or 32 that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his 33 agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appro- 34 priate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this 35 chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local 36 authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section elev- 37 en hundred eighty-d of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), 38 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, 39 the commissioner or his agent shall deny the registration or renewal 40 application until the applicant provides proof from the court or admin- 41 istrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or 42 answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that 43 he has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal follow- 44 ing entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant 45 to this section, the commissioner may, in his discretion, deny a regis- 46 tration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle 47 and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor 48 vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner 49 has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the 50 purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable 51 grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the 52 effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall 53 only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in 54 the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply 55 with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision.S. 9031 53 1 § 23. Subdivision 2 of section 87 of the public officers law is 2 amended by adding a new paragraph (p) to read as follows: 3 (p) are photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded 4 images prepared under the authority of section eleven hundred eighty-d 5 of the vehicle and traffic law. 6 § 24. The purchase or lease of equipment for a demonstration program 7 pursuant to section 1180-d of the vehicle and traffic law shall be 8 subject to the provisions of section 103 of the general municipal law. 9 § 25. This act shall take effect immediately; provided that sections 10 one through four of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed 4 years 11 after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of sections 12 one through four of this act shall be deemed repealed; and provided 13 further that the amendments to section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic 14 law made by sections five, six, seven and eight of this act shall not 15 affect the repeal of such section and shall be deemed repealed there- 16 with; and provided further that the amendments to paragraph 2 of subdi- 17 vision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law made by 18 section six of this act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after 19 this act shall have become a law; and provided further that sections 20 twelve through twenty-four of this act shall take effect on the thirti- 21 eth day after it shall have become a law and shall expire 4 years after 22 such effective date when upon such date the provisions of sections 23 twelve through twenty-four of this act shall be deemed repealed; and 24 provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this 25 act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effec- 26 tive date, provided that: 27 (a) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and 28 traffic law made by section twelve of this act shall not affect the 29 expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when 30 upon such date the provisions of section twelve-a of this act shall take 31 effect; 32 (a-1) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 33 made by section twelve-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of 34 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 35 date the provisions of section twelve-b of this act shall take effect; 36 (a-2) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 37 made by section twelve-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of 38 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 39 date the provisions of section twelve-c of this act shall take effect; 40 (a-3) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 41 made by section twelve-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of 42 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 43 date the provisions of section twelve-d of this act shall take effect; 44 (a-4) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 45 made by section twelve-d of this act shall not affect the expiration of 46 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 47 date the provisions of section twelve-e of this act shall take effect; 48 (a-5) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 49 made by section twelve-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of 50 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 51 date the provisions of section twelve-f of this act shall take effect; 52 (a-6) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 53 made by section twelve-f of this act shall not affect the expiration of 54 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 55 date the provisions of section twelve-g of this act shall take effect;S. 9031 54 1 (b) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and 2 traffic law made by section thirteen of this act shall not affect the 3 expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, 4 when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-a of this act 5 shall take effect; 6 (b-1) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 7 and traffic law made by section thirteen-a of this act shall not affect 8 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 9 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-b of this 10 act shall take effect; 11 (b-2) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 12 and traffic law made by section thirteen-b of this act shall not affect 13 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 14 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-c of this 15 act shall take effect; 16 (b-3) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 17 and traffic law made by section thirteen-c of this act shall not affect 18 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 19 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-d of this 20 act shall take effect; 21 (b-4) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 22 and traffic law made by section thirteen-d of this act shall not affect 23 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 24 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-e of this 25 act shall take effect; 26 (b-5) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 27 and traffic law made by section thirteen-e of this act shall not affect 28 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 29 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-f of this 30 act shall take effect; 31 (c) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 32 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen of this act shall 33 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 34 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 35 fifteen-a of this act shall take effect; 36 (c-1) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 37 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-a of this act shall 38 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 39 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 40 fifteen-b of this act shall take effect; 41 (c-2) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 42 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-b of this act shall 43 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 44 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 45 fifteen-c of this act shall take effect; 46 (c-3) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 47 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-c of this act shall 48 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 49 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 50 fifteen-d of this act shall take effect; 51 (c-4) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 52 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-d of this act shall 53 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 54 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 55 fifteen-e of this act shall take effect;S. 9031 55 1 (c-5) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 2 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-e of this act shall 3 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 4 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 5 fifteen-f of this act shall take effect; 6 (d) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 7 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen of this act shall not 8 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 9 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-a of 10 this act shall take effect; 11 (d-1) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 12 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-a of this act shall not 13 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 14 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-b of 15 this act shall take effect; 16 (d-2) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 17 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-b of this act shall not 18 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 19 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-c of 20 this act shall take effect; 21 (d-3) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 22 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-c of this act shall not 23 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 24 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-d of 25 this act shall take effect; 26 (d-4) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 27 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-d of this act shall not 28 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 29 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-e of 30 this act shall take effect; 31 (d-5) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 32 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-e of this act shall not 33 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 34 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-f of 35 this act shall take effect; 36 (e) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 37 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen of this act 38 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed 39 to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 40 seventeen-a of this act shall take effect; 41 (e-1) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 42 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-a of this 43 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 44 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 45 section seventeen-b of this act shall take effect; 46 (e-2) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 47 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-b of this 48 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 49 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 50 section seventeen-c of this act shall take effect; 51 (e-3) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 52 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-c of this 53 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 54 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 55 section seventeen-d of this act shall take effect;S. 9031 56 1 (e-4) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 2 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-d of this 3 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 4 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 5 section seventeen-e of this act shall take effect; 6 (e-5) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 7 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-e of this 8 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 9 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 10 section seventeen-f of this act shall take effect; 11 (f) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehi- 12 cle and traffic law made by section eighteen of this act shall not 13 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 14 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-a of 15 this act shall take effect; 16 (f-1) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 17 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-a of this act shall not 18 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 19 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-b of 20 this act shall take effect; 21 (f-2) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 22 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-b of this act shall not 23 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 24 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-c of 25 this act shall take effect; 26 (f-3) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 27 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-c of this act shall not 28 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 29 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-d of 30 this act shall take effect; 31 (f-4) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 32 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-d of this act shall not 33 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 34 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-e of 35 this act shall take effect; 36 (f-5) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 37 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-e of this act shall not 38 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 39 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-f of 40 this act shall take effect; 41 (g) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and 42 traffic law made by section twenty of this act shall not affect the 43 expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, 44 when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-a of this act shall 45 take effect; 46 (g-1) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 47 and traffic law made by section twenty-a of this act shall not affect 48 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 49 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-b of this act 50 shall take effect; 51 (g-2) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 52 and traffic law made by section twenty-b of this act shall not affect 53 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 54 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-c of this act 55 shall take effect;S. 9031 57 1 (g-3) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 2 and traffic law made by section twenty-c of this act shall not affect 3 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 4 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-d of this act 5 shall take effect; 6 (g-4) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 7 and traffic law made by section twenty-d of this act shall not affect 8 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 9 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-e of this act 10 shall take effect; 11 (g-5) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 12 and traffic law made by section twenty-e of this act shall not affect 13 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 14 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-f of this act 15 shall take effect; 16 (g-6) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 17 and traffic law made by section twenty-f of this act shall not affect 18 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 19 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-g of this act 20 shall take effect; 21 (h) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 22 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one of this act 23 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 24 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 25 one-a of this act shall take effect; 26 (h-1) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 27 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-a of this act 28 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 29 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 30 one-b of this act shall take effect; 31 (h-2) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 32 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-b of this act 33 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 34 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 35 one-c of this act shall take effect; 36 (h-3) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 37 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-c of this act 38 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 39 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 40 one-d of this act shall take effect; 41 (h-4) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 42 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-d of this act 43 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 44 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 45 one-e of this act shall take effect; 46 (h-5) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 47 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-e of this act 48 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 49 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 50 one-f of this act shall take effect; 51 (i) the amendments to subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 52 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twen- 53 ty-two of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and 54 shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions 55 of section twenty-two-a of this act shall take effect;S. 9031 58 1 (i-1) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 2 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-a of this act 3 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 4 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 5 two-b of this act shall take effect; 6 (i-2) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 7 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-b of this act 8 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 9 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 10 two-c of this act shall take effect; 11 (i-3) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 12 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-c of this act 13 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 14 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 15 two-d of this act shall take effect; 16 (i-4) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 17 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-d of this act 18 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 19 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 20 two-e of this act shall take effect; 21 (i-5) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 22 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-e of this act 23 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 24 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 25 two-f of this act shall take effect; and 26 (i-6) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 27 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-f of this act 28 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 29 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 30 two-g of this act shall take effect.
