Bill Text: NY S00485 | 2015-2016 | General Assembly | Introduced

NOTE: There are more recent revisions of this legislation. Read Latest Draft
Bill Title: Provides for the labeling of raw agricultural commodities, processed foods, seed, and seed stock produced with genetic engineering; defines terms; imposes penalties for false labels and misbranding; sets forth exemptions.

Spectrum: Moderate Partisan Bill (Democrat 25-7)

Status: (Introduced - Dead) 2016-04-05 - COMMITTEE DISCHARGED AND COMMITTED TO RULES [S00485 Detail]

Download: New_York-2015-S00485-Introduced.html
                           S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
       ________________________________________________________________________
                                          485
                              2015-2016 Regular Sessions
                                   I N  S E N A T E
                                      (PREFILED)
                                    January 7, 2015
                                      ___________
       Introduced  by Sens. LAVALLE, MARTINS -- read twice and ordered printed,
         and when  printed  to  be  committed  to  the  Committee  on  Consumer
         Protection
       AN ACT to amend the general business law and the agriculture and markets
         law, in relation to the labeling of genetically modified foods
         THE  PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
       BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
    1    Section 1. Legislative findings and intent. The legislature finds that
    2  New York state consumers have the right to know whether the  foods  they
    3  purchase  have  been  produced with genetic engineering so they can make
    4  informed purchasing decisions.
    5    Further the legislature finds that:
    6    (a) Currently, there is no federal law that requires food producers to
    7  identify whether foods were produced with genetic  engineering.  At  the
    8  same time, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not
    9  require safety studies of such foods;
   10    (b)  Identification  of  foods  produced  with genetic engineering can
   11  provide a critical  method  for  tracking  effects  of  consuming  foods
   12  produced with genetic engineering;
   13    (c)  More  than  sixty  countries, including key United States trading
   14  partners, have  laws  mandating  disclosure  of  genetically  engineered
   15  foods.  Identifying  foods  produced  with genetic engineering will help
   16  protect our state's export market;
   17    (d) A variety of genetically engineered crops are commercially  culti-
   18  vated  and  sold  in  the  United  States, including corn, canola, sugar
   19  beets, soybean, cotton, alfalfa, and papaya. It has been estimated  that
   20  70-80%  of packaged grocery products contain some materials derived from
   21  these genetically engineered crops;
        EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                             [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                                  LBD03147-01-5
       S. 485                              2
    1    (e) Without disclosure, consumers with  certain  dietary  restrictions
    2  may   unknowingly  consume  such  food  in  violation  of  such  dietary
    3  restrictions;
    4    (f)  Preserving the identity, quality, and reliability of agricultural
    5  products is of prime importance to our state's fiscal health;
    6    (g) The cultivation of genetically engineered crops can cause  serious
    7  environmental impacts;
    8    (h) It is the intent of this act to ensure that New York consumers and
    9  farmers  are fully and reliably informed about whether the food and seed
   10  they purchase and eat were produced with genetic engineering so they may
   11  choose for themselves whether to purchase and eat or use such  food  and
   12  seed;
   13    (i)  It  is  the  intent  of this act only to regulate the labeling of
   14  seed, seed stock, and food for human consumption offered for retail sale
   15  within New York State.
   16    S 2. The general business law is amended by adding a new section 391-t
   17  to read as follows:
   18    S 391-T. GENETICALLY ENGINEERED FOODS; REQUIRED LABELING.  1.    DEFI-
   19  NITIONS. AS USED IN THIS SECTION, THE TERM:
   20    (A)  "DEPARTMENT"  MEANS  THE  STATE  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE  AND
   21  MARKETS.
   22    (B) "DISTRIBUTOR" MEANS A PERSON OR BUSINESS ENGAGED IN ANY METHOD  OF
   23  DISTRIBUTING  OR  TRANSPORTING  A FOOD OR FOOD PRODUCT FROM ONE PLACE TO
   24  ANOTHER.
   25    (C) "ENZYME" MEANS A PROTEIN  THAT  CATALYZES  CHEMICAL  REACTIONS  OF
   26  OTHER   SUBSTANCES  WITHOUT  ITSELF  BEING  DESTROYED  OR  ALTERED  UPON
   27  COMPLETION OF THE REACTIONS.
   28    (D) "GENETICALLY ENGINEERED," OR "GENETICALLY MODIFIED," OR ANY DERIV-
   29  ATIVE OF THOSE WORDS, AS APPLIED TO ANY FOOD FOR  HUMAN  CONSUMPTION  OR
   30  SEED  MEANS PRODUCED FROM OR WITH AN ORGANISM OR ORGANISMS WITH GENETICS
   31  ALTERED MATERIALLY THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF:
   32    (I) IN VITRO NUCLEIC ACID TECHNIQUES, INCLUDING  BUT  NOT  LIMITED  TO
   33  RECOMBINANT  DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC  ACID  (DNA)  TECHNIQUES  AND  THE  DIRECT
   34  INJECTION OF NUCLEIC ACID INTO CELLS OR ORGANELLES; OR
   35    (II) THE FUSION OF CELLS BEYOND THE TAXONOMIC  FAMILY  THAT  OVERCOMES
   36  NATURAL  PHYSIOLOGICAL,  REPRODUCTIVE,  OR RECOMBINANT BARRIERS AND THAT
   37  ARE NOT TECHNIQUES USED IN TRADITIONAL BREEDING AND SELECTION.
   38    FOR PURPOSES OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH, "IN VITRO  NUCLEIC
   39  ACID TECHNIQUES" INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, RECOMBINANT DNA OR RNA
   40  TECHNIQUES  THAT USE VECTOR SYSTEMS, AND TECHNIQUES INVOLVING THE DIRECT
   41  INTRODUCTION INTO THE ORGANISMS OF HEREDITARY MATERIALS PREPARED OUTSIDE
   42  THE  ORGANISMS  SUCH  AS  BIOLISTICS,  MICROINJECTION,  MACRO-INJECTION,
   43  CHEMOPORATION, ELECTROPORATION, MICROENCAPSULATION, AND LIPOSOME FUSION.
   44    (E)   "MANUFACTURER"  MEANS  A  PERSON  OR  BUSINESS  ENGAGED  IN  THE
   45  PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF SEED, SEED STOCK, OR ANY FOOD PRODUCT.
   46    (F) "MEDICAL FOOD" MEANS A FOOD THAT IS FORMULATED TO BE  CONSUMED  OR
   47  ADMINISTERED  ENTERALLY UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A PHYSICIAN AND THAT IS
   48  INTENDED FOR THE SPECIFIC DIETARY MANAGEMENT OF A DISEASE  OR  CONDITION
   49  FOR  WHICH  DISTINCTIVE  NUTRITIONAL  REQUIREMENTS,  BASED ON RECOGNIZED
   50  SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES, ARE ESTABLISHED BY MEDICAL EVALUATION.
   51    (G) "PROCESSED FOOD" MEANS ANY FOOD  OTHER  THAN  A  RAW  AGRICULTURAL
   52  COMMODITY, INCLUDING ANY FOOD PRODUCED FROM A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY
   53  THAT  HAS BEEN SUBJECT TO PROCESSING SUCH AS CANNING, SMOKING, PRESSING,
   54  COOKING, FREEZING, DEHYDRATION, FERMENTATION, OR MILLING.
   55    (H) "PROCESSING AID" MEANS:
       S. 485                              3
    1    (I) A SUBSTANCE THAT IS ADDED TO A FOOD DURING THE PROCESSING  OF  THE
    2  FOOD  BUT  IS REMOVED IN SOME MANNER FROM THE FOOD BEFORE IT IS PACKAGED
    3  IN ITS FINISHED FORM;
    4    (II)  A  SUBSTANCE  THAT  IS  ADDED  TO  A  FOOD DURING PROCESSING, IS
    5  CONVERTED INTO CONSTITUENTS NORMALLY PRESENT IN THE FOOD, AND  DOES  NOT
    6  SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASE THE AMOUNT OF THE CONSTITUENTS NATURALLY FOUND IN
    7  THE FOOD; OR
    8    (III)  A  SUBSTANCE THAT IS ADDED TO A FOOD FOR ITS TECHNICAL OR FUNC-
    9  TIONAL EFFECT IN THE PROCESSING BUT IS PRESENT IN THE FINISHED  FOOD  AT
   10  INSIGNIFICANT  LEVELS  AND  DOES  NOT  HAVE  ANY TECHNICAL OR FUNCTIONAL
   11  EFFECT IN THAT FINISHED FOOD.
   12    (I) "RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY" MEANS ANY  PLANT,  ANIMAL,  OR  FUNGI
   13  GROWN OR PRODUCED FOR HUMAN FOOD-USE PURPOSES.
   14    (J) "RETAILER" MEANS A PERSON OR BUSINESS ENGAGED IN SELLING FOOD FROM
   15  INDIVIDUALS OR BUSINESSES TO THE END-USER.
   16    2.  LABELING OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED SEED AND FOOD. (A) ANY FOOD FOR
   17  HUMAN CONSUMPTION, SEED, OR SEED STOCK OFFERED FOR RETAIL  SALE  IN  NEW
   18  YORK IS MISBRANDED IF IT IS ENTIRELY GENETICALLY ENGINEERED OR PARTIALLY
   19  PRODUCED  WITH  GENETIC  ENGINEERING  AND  THAT FACT IS NOT DISCLOSED AS
   20  FOLLOWS:
   21    (I) IN THE CASE OF A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY THAT IS NOT SEPARATELY
   22  PACKAGED OR LABELED, THE WORDS "PRODUCED WITH  GENETIC  ENGINEERING"  OR
   23  ANY  OTHER DERIVATIVE OF THOSE WORDS, THE INITIALS "GE", "GM", OR "GMO",
   24  OR A DERIVATIVE OF THOSE PHRASES, SHALL BE PLACED ON THE CONTAINER  USED
   25  FOR  PACKAGING,  HOLDING,  AND/OR  TRANSPORT  IN A CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS
   26  MANNER BY THE MANUFACTURER,  AND  MAINTAINED  BY  THE  DISTRIBUTOR,  AND
   27  DISPLAYED IN A CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS MANNER ON THE RETAIL STORE SHELF OR
   28  BIN IN WHICH SUCH COMMODITY IS OFFERED FOR SALE BY THE RETAILER.
   29    (II)  IN  THE  CASE OF A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY THAT IS SEPARATELY
   30  PACKAGED OR PROCESSED FOOD CONTAINING SOME PRODUCTS OF GENETIC ENGINEER-
   31  ING, THE MANUFACTURER MUST LABEL THE FOOD, IN A  CLEAR  AND  CONSPICUOUS
   32  MANNER ON THE PACKAGE OF SUCH FOOD, WITH THE WORDS "PRODUCED WITH GENET-
   33  IC  ENGINEERING"  OR  ANY  OTHER DERIVATIVE OF THOSE WORDS, THE INITIALS
   34  "GE", "GM", "GMO", OR A DERIVATIVE OF THOSE PHRASES.
   35    (III) IN THE CASE OF ANY SEED OR SEED STOCK, THE MANUFACTURER OR OTHER
   36  ENTITY RESPONSIBLE FOR PRODUCING THE SEED MUST LABEL THE  SEED  OR  SEED
   37  STOCK CONTAINER, THE SALES RECEIPT, AND ANY OTHER REFERENCE TO IDENTIFI-
   38  CATION, OWNERSHIP, OR POSSESSION, IN A CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS MANNER WITH
   39  THE WORDS "PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING" OR ANY OTHER DERIVATIVE OF
   40  THOSE  WORDS,  THE  INITIALS "GE", "GM", "GMO", OR A DERIVATIVE OF THOSE
   41  PHRASES.
   42    (B) THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE CONSTRUED TO REQUIRE EITHER THE  LISTING
   43  OR  IDENTIFICATION  OF ANY INGREDIENTS THAT WERE GENETICALLY ENGINEERED,
   44  NOR THAT THE PHRASE "PRODUCED WITH GENETIC  ENGINEERING"  OR  ANY  OTHER
   45  DERIVATIVE  OF THOSE WORDS, THE INITIALS "GE", "GM", "GMO", OR A DERIVA-
   46  TIVE OF THOSE PHRASES BE PLACED IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING ANY COMMON NAME OR
   47  PRIMARY PRODUCT DESCRIPTOR OF A FOOD.
   48    (C) ANY PROCESSED FOOD THAT WOULD BE SUBJECT TO  THIS  SECTION  SOLELY
   49  BECAUSE  IT  INCLUDES  ONE OR MORE MATERIALS PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGI-
   50  NEERING IS NOT MISBRANDED PROVIDED THAT THE GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MATE-
   51  RIALS IN THE AGGREGATE DO NOT ACCOUNT FOR MORE THAN NINE-TENTHS  OF  ONE
   52  PERCENT OF THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE PROCESSED FOOD.
   53    (D) THIS SUBDIVISION DOES NOT APPLY TO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING:
   54    (I)  FOOD  CONSISTING ENTIRELY OF, OR DERIVED ENTIRELY FROM, AN ANIMAL
   55  THAT HAS NOT ITSELF BEEN PRODUCED WITH GENETIC  ENGINEERING,  REGARDLESS
   56  OF  WHETHER  THE ANIMAL HAS BEEN FED WITH ANY FOOD PRODUCED WITH GENETIC
       S. 485                              4
    1  ENGINEERING OR TREATED WITH ANY DRUG OR VACCINE THAT HAS  BEEN  PRODUCED
    2  WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING;
    3    (II)  A  RAW  AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, OR SEED THAT HAS
    4  BEEN GROWN, RAISED, PRODUCED, OR DERIVED WITHOUT THE KNOWING AND  INTEN-
    5  TIONAL USE OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED SEED OR FOOD. TO BE INCLUDED WITHIN
    6  THE EXCLUSION UNDER THIS PARAGRAPH, THE PERSON OR ENTITY RESPONSIBLE FOR
    7  COMPLYING  WITH  THIS  SUBDIVISION  WITH  RESPECT  TO A RAW AGRICULTURAL
    8  COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK MUST OBTAIN, FROM WHOMEV-
    9  ER SOLD THE RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD,  SEED,  OR  SEED
   10  STOCK  TO  THAT PERSON, A WRITTEN STATEMENT, WHICH MAY BE INCLUDED ON AN
   11  INVOICE THAT MAY BE IN AN ELECTRONIC FORM,  THAT  THE  RAW  AGRICULTURAL
   12  COMMODITY,  PROCESSED  FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK: (1) HAS NOT BEEN KNOW-
   13  INGLY OR INTENTIONALLY PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING;  AND  (2)  HAS
   14  BEEN  SEGREGATED  FROM,  AND  HAS  NOT  BEEN  KNOWINGLY OR INTENTIONALLY
   15  COMMINGLED WITH FOODS OR SEEDS THAT MAY HAVE BEEN PRODUCED WITH  GENETIC
   16  ENGINEERING;
   17    (III)  ANY PROCESSED FOOD THAT WOULD BE SUBJECT TO THIS SECTION SOLELY
   18  BECAUSE ONE OR MORE OF THE  PROCESSING  AIDS  OR  ENZYMES  USED  IN  ITS
   19  PRODUCTION WERE PRODUCED WITH OR DERIVED FROM GENETIC ENGINEERING;
   20    (IV) ANY ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE THAT IS SUBJECT TO REGULATION BY THE ALCO-
   21  HOLIC BEVERAGE CONTROL LAW;
   22    (V) FOOD THAT HAS BEEN LAWFULLY CERTIFIED TO BE LABELED, MARKETED, AND
   23  OFFERED  FOR  SALE  AS  "ORGANIC"  PURSUANT TO THE FEDERAL ORGANIC FOODS
   24  PRODUCTION ACT OF 1990, 7 U.S.C. 6501, ET SEQ. AS AMENDED FROM  TIME  TO
   25  TIME,  AND THE NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM REGULATIONS PROMULGATED PURSUANT
   26  THERETO BY THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE;
   27    (VI) FOOD THAT IS NOT PACKAGED FOR SALE AND  THAT  EITHER:  (I)  IS  A
   28  PROCESSED  FOOD PREPARED AND INTENDED FOR IMMEDIATE HUMAN CONSUMPTION OR
   29  (II) IS SERVED, SOLD, OR OTHERWISE  PROVIDED  IN  ANY  RESTAURANT,  FOOD
   30  FACILITY,  OR FOOD RETAILER THAT IS ENGAGED IN THE SALE OF FOOD PREPARED
   31  AND INTENDED FOR IMMEDIATE HUMAN CONSUMPTION; OR
   32    (VII) MEDICAL FOOD.
   33    3. VIOLATIONS. (A) ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR OTHER LEGAL ENTI-
   34  TY VIOLATING THIS SECTION SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE  PENALTIES  FOR  FALSE
   35  LABELS  AND  MISREPRESENTATIONS  AS  SET  FORTH IN SECTION THREE HUNDRED
   36  NINETY-TWO-B OF THIS ARTICLE, PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT A RETAILER SHALL NOT
   37  BE SUBJECT TO THE PENALTIES UNDER SECTION THREE HUNDRED NINETY-TWO-B  OF
   38  THIS  ARTICLE  UNLESS (I) THE RETAILER IS THE MANUFACTURER OF THE GENET-
   39  ICALLY ENGINEERED RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD,  SEED,  OR
   40  SEED STOCK AND SELLS THE GENETICALLY ENGINEERED RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMOD-
   41  ITY,  PROCESSED  FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK UNDER A BRAND IT OWNS OR (II)
   42  THE RETAILER'S FAILURE TO LABEL WAS KNOWING AND WILLFUL.
   43    (B) ANY PERSON OR ENTITY WHO VIOLATES THE REQUIREMENTS OF THIS SECTION
   44  SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A CIVIL  PENALTY  OF  NOT  MORE  THAN  ONE  THOUSAND
   45  DOLLARS PER DAY, PER PRODUCT.
   46    4.  NOTICE  OF  VIOLATION.  IN  ANY  CASE WHERE THERE HAS BEEN A FINAL
   47  DETERMINATION BY THE DEPARTMENT, OF A VIOLATION OF ANY OF THE PROVISIONS
   48  OF THIS SECTION, THE DEPARTMENT SHALL  MAKE  AVAILABLE  TO  THE  PUBLIC,
   49  WITHOUT CHARGE, THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
   50    (A) THE NAME AND BUSINESS ADDRESS OF THE VIOLATOR;
   51    (B)  THE DATE OR DATES OF INSPECTION OF THE VIOLATOR'S PREMISES BY THE
   52  DEPARTMENT;
   53    (C) THE VIOLATION THAT WAS DETERMINED TO HAVE OCCURRED, INCLUDING  THE
   54  NAME OF THE PRODUCT; AND
   55    (D) THE AMOUNT OF THE PENALTY THAT WAS ASSESSED BY THE DEPARTMENT.
       S. 485                              5
    1    5.  THIRD-PARTY PROTECTION; RELIANCE ON WRITTEN STATEMENT. A DISTRIBU-
    2  TOR OR RETAILER THAT SELLS A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD,
    3  SEED, OR SEED STOCK THAT HAS BEEN PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING THAT
    4  FAILS TO MAKE THE DISCLOSURE REQUIRED PURSUANT  TO  SUBDIVISION  TWO  OF
    5  THIS  SECTION, IS NOT SUBJECT TO FINANCIAL LIABILITY IN ANY CIVIL ACTION
    6  TO ENFORCE THIS SECTION IF THE DISTRIBUTOR OR  RETAILER  RELIED  ON  THE
    7  WRITTEN  STATEMENT  OBTAINED  UNDER  SUBDIVISION  TWO  OF  THIS  SECTION
    8  PROVIDED BY THE MANUFACTURER STATING THAT THE RAW  AGRICULTURAL  COMMOD-
    9  ITY,  PROCESSED  FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK IS NOT SUBJECT TO THE DISCLO-
   10  SURE REQUIREMENTS UNDER THIS SECTION.
   11    S 3. Section 198 of the agriculture and  markets  law  is  amended  by
   12  adding a new subdivision 12 to read as follows:
   13    12.  THE TERM: (A) "DISTRIBUTOR" MEANS A PERSON OR BUSINESS ENGAGED IN
   14  ANY METHOD OF DISTRIBUTING OR TRANSPORTING A FOOD OR FOOD  PRODUCT  FROM
   15  ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER.
   16    (B)  "ENZYME"  MEANS  A  PROTEIN  THAT CATALYZES CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF
   17  OTHER  SUBSTANCES  WITHOUT  ITSELF  BEING  DESTROYED  OR  ALTERED   UPON
   18  COMPLETION OF THE REACTIONS.
   19    (C) "GENETICALLY ENGINEERED," OR "GENETICALLY MODIFIED," OR ANY DERIV-
   20  ATIVE  OF  THOSE  WORDS, AS APPLIED TO ANY FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION OR
   21  SEED MEANS PRODUCED FROM OR WITH AN ORGANISM OR ORGANISMS WITH  GENETICS
   22  ALTERED MATERIALLY THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF:
   23    (I)  IN  VITRO  NUCLEIC  ACID TECHNIQUES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
   24  RECOMBINANT  DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC  ACID  (DNA)  TECHNIQUES  AND  THE  DIRECT
   25  INJECTION OF NUCLEIC ACID INTO CELLS OR ORGANELLES; OR
   26    (II)  THE  FUSION  OF CELLS BEYOND THE TAXONOMIC FAMILY THAT OVERCOMES
   27  NATURAL PHYSIOLOGICAL, REPRODUCTIVE, OR RECOMBINANT  BARRIERS  AND  THAT
   28  ARE NOT TECHNIQUES USED IN TRADITIONAL BREEDING AND SELECTION.
   29    FOR  PURPOSES OF SUBPARAGRAPH (I) OF THIS PARAGRAPH, "IN VITRO NUCLEIC
   30  ACID TECHNIQUES" INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, RECOMBINANT DNA OR RNA
   31  TECHNIQUES THAT USE VECTOR SYSTEMS AND TECHNIQUES INVOLVING  THE  DIRECT
   32  INTRODUCTION INTO THE ORGANISMS OF HEREDITARY MATERIALS PREPARED OUTSIDE
   33  THE  ORGANISMS  SUCH  AS  BIOLISTICS,  MICROINJECTION,  MACRO-INJECTION,
   34  CHEMOPORATION, ELECTROPORATION, MICROENCAPSULATION, AND LIPOSOME FUSION.
   35    (D)  "MANUFACTURER"  MEANS  A  PERSON  OR  BUSINESS  ENGAGED  IN   THE
   36  PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF SEED, SEED STOCK, OR ANY FOOD PRODUCT.
   37    (E)  "MEDICAL  FOOD" MEANS A FOOD THAT IS FORMULATED TO BE CONSUMED OR
   38  ADMINISTERED ENTERALLY UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A PHYSICIAN AND THAT  IS
   39  INTENDED  FOR  THE SPECIFIC DIETARY MANAGEMENT OF A DISEASE OR CONDITION
   40  FOR WHICH DISTINCTIVE  NUTRITIONAL  REQUIREMENTS,  BASED  ON  RECOGNIZED
   41  SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES, ARE ESTABLISHED BY MEDICAL EVALUATION.
   42    (F)  "PROCESSED  FOOD"  MEANS  ANY  FOOD OTHER THAN A RAW AGRICULTURAL
   43  COMMODITY, INCLUDING ANY FOOD PRODUCED FROM A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY
   44  THAT HAS BEEN SUBJECT TO PROCESSING SUCH AS CANNING, SMOKING,  PRESSING,
   45  COOKING, FREEZING, DEHYDRATION, FERMENTATION, OR MILLING.
   46    (G) "PROCESSING AID" MEANS:
   47    (I)  A  SUBSTANCE THAT IS ADDED TO A FOOD DURING THE PROCESSING OF THE
   48  FOOD BUT IS REMOVED IN SOME MANNER FROM THE FOOD BEFORE IT  IS  PACKAGED
   49  IN ITS FINISHED FORM;
   50    (II)  A  SUBSTANCE  THAT  IS  ADDED  TO  A  FOOD DURING PROCESSING, IS
   51  CONVERTED INTO CONSTITUENTS NORMALLY PRESENT IN THE FOOD, AND  DOES  NOT
   52  SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASE THE AMOUNT OF THE CONSTITUENTS NATURALLY FOUND IN
   53  THE FOOD; OR
   54    (III)  A  SUBSTANCE THAT IS ADDED TO A FOOD FOR ITS TECHNICAL OR FUNC-
   55  TIONAL EFFECT IN THE PROCESSING BUT IS PRESENT IN THE FINISHED  FOOD  AT
       S. 485                              6
    1  INSIGNIFICANT  LEVELS  AND  DOES  NOT  HAVE  ANY TECHNICAL OR FUNCTIONAL
    2  EFFECT IN THAT FINISHED FOOD.
    3    (H)  "RAW  AGRICULTURAL  COMMODITY"  MEANS ANY PLANT, ANIMAL, OR FUNGI
    4  GROWN OR PRODUCED FOR HUMAN FOOD-USE PURPOSES.
    5    (I) "RETAILER" MEANS A PERSON OR BUSINESS ENGAGED IN SELLING FOOD FROM
    6  INDIVIDUALS OR BUSINESSES TO THE END-USER.
    7    S 4. Section 201 of the agriculture and  markets  law  is  amended  by
    8  adding a new subdivision 15 to read as follows:
    9    15.  (A)  ANY  FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION, SEED, OR SEED STOCK OFFERED
   10  FOR RETAIL SALE IN NEW YORK IS MISBRANDED IF IT IS ENTIRELY  GENETICALLY
   11  ENGINEERED  OR PARTIALLY PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING AND THAT FACT
   12  IS NOT DISCLOSED AS FOLLOWS:
   13    (I) IN THE CASE OF A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY THAT IS NOT SEPARATELY
   14  PACKAGED OR LABELED, THE WORDS "PRODUCED WITH  GENETIC  ENGINEERING"  OR
   15  ANY  OTHER DERIVATIVE OF THOSE WORDS, THE INITIALS "GE", "GM", OR "GMO",
   16  OR A DERIVATIVE OF THOSE PHRASES, SHALL BE PLACED ON THE CONTAINER  USED
   17  FOR  PACKAGING,  HOLDING,  AND/OR  TRANSPORT  IN A CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS
   18  MANNER BY THE MANUFACTURER,  AND  MAINTAINED  BY  THE  DISTRIBUTOR,  AND
   19  DISPLAYED  IN  A CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS MANNER ON THE RETAIL SHELF OR BIN
   20  IN WHICH SUCH COMMODITY IS OFFERED FOR SALE BY THE RETAILER.
   21    (II) IN THE CASE OF A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY  THAT  IS  SEPARATELY
   22  PACKAGED OR PROCESSED FOOD CONTAINING SOME PRODUCTS OF GENETIC ENGINEER-
   23  ING,  THE  MANUFACTURER  MUST LABEL THE FOOD, IN A CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS
   24  MANNER ON THE PACKAGE OF SUCH FOOD, WITH THE WORDS "PRODUCED WITH GENET-
   25  IC ENGINEERING" OR ANY OTHER DERIVATIVE OF  THOSE  WORDS,  THE  INITIALS
   26  "GE", "GM", "GMO", OR A DERIVATIVE OF THOSE PHRASES.
   27    (III) IN THE CASE OF ANY SEED OR SEED STOCK, THE MANUFACTURER OR OTHER
   28  ENTITY  RESPONSIBLE  FOR  PRODUCING THE SEED MUST LABEL THE SEED OR SEED
   29  STOCK CONTAINER, THE SALES RECEIPT, AND ANY OTHER REFERENCE TO IDENTIFI-
   30  CATION, OWNERSHIP, OR POSSESSION, IN A CLEAR AND CONSPICUOUS MANNER WITH
   31  THE WORDS "PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING" OR ANY OTHER DERIVATIVE OF
   32  THOSE WORDS, THE INITIALS "GE,", "GM", "GMO", OR A DERIVATIVE  OF  THOSE
   33  PHRASES.
   34    (B)  THIS  SUBDIVISION  SHALL  NOT  BE CONSTRUED TO REQUIRE EITHER THE
   35  LISTING OR IDENTIFICATION OF ANY INGREDIENTS THAT WERE GENETICALLY ENGI-
   36  NEERED, NOR THAT THE PHRASE "PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING"  OR  ANY
   37  OTHER  DERIVATIVE  OF  THOSE WORDS, THE INITIALS "GE," "GM", "GMO", OR A
   38  DERIVATIVE OF THOSE PHRASES BE PLACED IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING  ANY  COMMON
   39  NAME OR PRIMARY PRODUCT DESCRIPTOR OF A FOOD.
   40    (C)  ANY  PROCESSED  FOOD THAT WOULD BE SUBJECT TO THIS SECTION SOLELY
   41  BECAUSE IT INCLUDES ONE OR MORE MATERIALS PRODUCED  WITH  GENETIC  ENGI-
   42  NEERING IS NOT MISBRANDED PROVIDED THAT THE GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MATE-
   43  RIALS  IN  THE AGGREGATE DO NOT ACCOUNT FOR MORE THAN NINE-TENTHS OF ONE
   44  PERCENT OF THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE PROCESSED FOOD.
   45    (D) THIS SUBDIVISION DOES NOT APPLY TO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING:
   46    (I) FOOD CONSISTING ENTIRELY OF, OR DERIVED ENTIRELY FROM,  AN  ANIMAL
   47  THAT  HAS  NOT ITSELF BEEN PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING, REGARDLESS
   48  OF WHETHER THE ANIMAL HAS BEEN FED WITH ANY FOOD PRODUCED  WITH  GENETIC
   49  ENGINEERING  OR  TREATED WITH ANY DRUG OR VACCINE THAT HAS BEEN PRODUCED
   50  WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING;
   51    (II) A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, OR  SEED  THAT  HAS
   52  BEEN  GROWN, RAISED, PRODUCED, OR DERIVED WITHOUT THE KNOWING AND INTEN-
   53  TIONAL USE OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED SEED OR FOOD. TO BE INCLUDED WITHIN
   54  THE EXCLUSION UNDER THIS PARAGRAPH, THE PERSON OR ENTITY RESPONSIBLE FOR
   55  COMPLYING WITH PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION WITH RESPECT TO  A  RAW
   56  AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK MUST OBTAIN,
       S. 485                              7
    1  FROM WHOMEVER SOLD THE RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, SEED,
    2  OR  SEED  STOCK  MUST  OBTAIN,  FROM  WHOMEVER SOLD THE RAW AGRICULTURAL
    3  COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK TO THAT PERSON, A WRITTEN
    4  STATEMENT,  WHICH  MAY BE INCLUDED ON AN INVOICE THAT MAY BE IN AN ELEC-
    5  TRONIC FORM, THAT THE RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD,  SEED,
    6  OR SEED STOCK: (1) HAS NOT BEEN KNOWINGLY OR INTENTIONALLY PRODUCED WITH
    7  GENETIC  ENGINEERING; AND (2) HAS BEEN SEGREGATED FROM, AND HAS NOT BEEN
    8  KNOWINGLY OR INTENTIONALLY COMMINGLED WITH FOODS OR SEEDS THAT MAY  HAVE
    9  BEEN PRODUCED WITH GENETIC ENGINEERING;
   10    (III)  ANY  PROCESSED  FOOD  THAT WOULD BE SUBJECT TO THIS SUBDIVISION
   11  SOLELY BECAUSE ONE OR MORE OF THE PROCESSING AIDS OR ENZYMES USED IN ITS
   12  PRODUCTION WERE PRODUCED WITH OR DERIVED FROM GENETIC ENGINEERING;
   13    (IV) ANY ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE THAT IS SUBJECT TO REGULATION BY THE ALCO-
   14  HOLIC BEVERAGE CONTROL LAW;
   15    (V) FOOD THAT HAS BEEN LAWFULLY CERTIFIED TO BE LABELED, MARKETED, AND
   16  OFFERED FOR SALE AS "ORGANIC" PURSUANT  TO  THE  FEDERAL  ORGANIC  FOODS
   17  PRODUCTION  ACT  OF 1990, 7 U.S.C. 6501, ET SEQ. AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO
   18  TIME, AND THE NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM REGULATIONS PROMULGATED  PURSUANT
   19  THERETO BY THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE;
   20    (VI)  FOOD  THAT  IS  NOT  PACKAGED FOR SALE AND THAT EITHER: (I) IS A
   21  PROCESSED FOOD PREPARED AND INTENDED FOR IMMEDIATE HUMAN CONSUMPTION  OR
   22  (II)  IS  SERVED,  SOLD,  OR  OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN ANY RESTAURANT, FOOD
   23  FACILITY, OR FOOD RETAILER THAT IS ENGAGED IN THE SALE OF FOOD  PREPARED
   24  AND INTENDED FOR IMMEDIATE HUMAN CONSUMPTION; OR
   25    (VII) MEDICAL FOOD.
   26    (E)(I)  ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR OTHER LEGAL ENTITY VIOLATING
   27  THIS SECTION SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE  PENALTIES  FOR  FALSE  LABELS  AND
   28  MISREPRESENTATIONS AS SET FORTH IN SECTION THREE HUNDRED NINETY-TWO-B OF
   29  THE  GENERAL BUSINESS LAW, PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT A RETAILER SHALL NOT BE
   30  SUBJECT TO THE PENALTIES UNDER SECTION THREE HUNDRED NINETY-TWO-B OF THE
   31  GENERAL BUSINESS LAW UNLESS (1) THE RETAILER IS THE MANUFACTURER OF  THE
   32  GENETICALLY ENGINEERED RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, SEED,
   33  OR  SEED  STOCK  AND  SELLS  THE GENETICALLY ENGINEERED RAW AGRICULTURAL
   34  COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK UNDER A BRAND IT OWNS  OR
   35  (2) THE RETAILER'S FAILURE TO LABEL WAS KNOWING AND WILLFUL.
   36    (II)  ANY  PERSON  OR  ENTITY  WHO  VIOLATES  THE REQUIREMENTS OF THIS
   37  SECTION SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A CIVIL PENALTY OF NOT MORE THAN  ONE  THOU-
   38  SAND DOLLARS PER DAY, PER PRODUCT.
   39    (F)  IN  ANY  CASE  WHERE  THERE HAS BEEN A FINAL DETERMINATION BY THE
   40  DEPARTMENT, OF A VIOLATION OF ANY OF THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SUBDIVISION,
   41  THE DEPARTMENT SHALL MAKE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC, WITHOUT  CHARGE,  THE
   42  FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
   43    (I) THE NAME AND BUSINESS ADDRESS OF THE VIOLATOR;
   44    (II) THE DATE OR DATES OF INSPECTION OF THE VIOLATOR'S PREMISES BY THE
   45  DEPARTMENT;
   46    (III)  THE  VIOLATION  THAT WAS DETERMINED TO HAVE OCCURRED, INCLUDING
   47  THE NAME OF THE PRODUCT; AND
   48    (IV) THE AMOUNT OF THE PENALTY THAT WAS ASSESSED BY THE DEPARTMENT.
   49    (G) A DISTRIBUTOR OR RETAILER THAT SELLS A RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY,
   50  PROCESSED FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK THAT HAS BEEN PRODUCED WITH  GENETIC
   51  ENGINEERING  THAT  FAILS  TO  MAKE  THE  DISCLOSURE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO
   52  SECTION THREE HUNDRED NINETY-ONE-T OF THE GENERAL BUSINESS LAW,  IS  NOT
   53  SUBJECT  TO  FINANCIAL  LIABILITY  IN  ANY  CIVIL ACTION TO ENFORCE THIS
   54  SECTION IF THE DISTRIBUTOR OR RETAILER RELIED ON THE  WRITTEN  STATEMENT
   55  OBTAINED  UNDER SUBDIVISION TWO OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED NINETY-ONE-T OF
   56  THE GENERAL BUSINESS LAW PROVIDED BY THE MANUFACTURER STATING  THAT  THE
       S. 485                              8
    1  RAW  AGRICULTURAL  COMMODITY, PROCESSED FOOD, SEED, OR SEED STOCK IS NOT
    2  SUBJECT TO THE DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS UNDER SUCH SECTION.
    3    S 5. Severability clause. If any provision of this act or its applica-
    4  tion  to  any person, legal entity, or circumstance is held invalid, the
    5  remainder of the act or  the  application  of  the  provision  to  other
    6  persons, legal entity or circumstances shall not be affected.
    7    S 6. This act shall take effect twenty-four months after it shall have
    8  become a law; provided, however, that effective immediately, the depart-
    9  ment  of  agriculture  and markets shall adopt any rules and regulations
   10  necessary to implement this act, including, but not limited to, creating
   11  and maintaining a list, which shall be made available to the  public  at
   12  no  cost, of raw agricultural commodities that are produced with genetic
   13  engineering; provided, further, that the department of  agriculture  and
   14  markets is not authorized to create any exemptions beyond those provided
   15  for  in  paragraph  (d) of subdivision 2 of section 391-t of the general
   16  business law as added by section two of this act and  paragraph  (d)  of
   17  subdivision  15  of  section  201  of the agriculture and markets law as
   18  added by section four of this act; this act shall remain in effect until
   19  such time as a comprehensive federal system requiring mandatory labeling
   20  of raw agricultural commodities, processed foods, seed, and  seed  stock
   21  produced  with genetic engineering is implemented, provided however that
   22  nothing contained herein shall prevent the  state  from  exercising  any
   23  concurrent  authority  authorized  by  federal  law;  provided  that the
   24  commissioner of agriculture and markets  shall  notify  the  legislative
   25  bill  drafting  commission  upon  the  occurrence  of the enactment of a
   26  comprehensive federal system requiring mandatory labeling of  raw  agri-
   27  cultural  commodities,  processed  foods,  seed, and seed stock produced
   28  with genetic engineering in order that the commission  may  maintain  an
   29  accurate and timely effective data base of the official text of the laws
   30  of  the  state of New York in furtherance of effectuating the provisions
   31  of section 44 of the legislative law and  section  70-b  of  the  public
   32  officers law.
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