Bill Text: NY A11246 | 2017-2018 | General Assembly | Introduced
Bill Title: Extends the city of New Rochelle occupancy tax for three years; extends the city of Rye occupancy tax for three years; extends the city of Yonkers occupancy tax for three years; extends the expiration of the authority of the county of Essex to impose an additional mortgage recording tax; extends the expiration of the authority of the county of Albany to impose a county mortgage recording tax; extends Warren county's additional mortgage recording tax authorization; extends the authorization for the county of Greene to impose an additional mortgage recording tax; extends provisions of law relating to authorizing the county of Cattaraugus to impose an additional mortgage recording tax; extends the ability of the county of Albany to impose and collect taxes on occupancy of hotel or motel rooms in Albany county; relates to adjusted base proportions for assessment rolls; relates to the determination of adjusted base proportions in special assessing units which are cities for the fiscal year two thousand nineteen; limits the shift between classes of taxable property in the town of Orangetown, county of Rockland; relates to the sale of bonds and notes of the city of Buffalo; relates to bonds and notes of the city of Yonkers (Part A); requires a resolution by the board of trustees of a school district to authorize the installation, administration, operation, notice processing and maintenance of and use of photo monitoring devices on school buses to detect and record vehicles illegally passing or overtaking a school bus; provides for owner liability of a motor vehicle detected by a camera to have illegally passed or overtaken a school bus; provides that liability shall be a monetary penalty in the amount of two hundred fifty dollars; relates to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school zones in the city of New York; and establishes in the city of Buffalo a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices (Part B); relates to increasing and extending the authority of the Nassau county interim finance authority to issue bonds and notes (Part C); and relates to the administration of real property tax refunds and credits in Nassau county on class four property (Part D).
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 1-0)
Status: (Engrossed - Dead) 2018-06-20 - REFERRED TO RULES [A11246 Detail]
Download: New_York-2017-A11246-Introduced.html
STATE OF NEW YORK ________________________________________________________________________ 11246 IN ASSEMBLY June 17, 2018 ___________ Introduced by COMMITTEE ON RULES -- (at request of M. of A. Heastie) -- read once and referred to the Committee on Ways and Means AN ACT to amend chapter 88 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of New Rochelle, in relation to extending the effectiveness thereof; to amend chapter 89 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of Rye, in relation to extending the effectiveness thereof; to amend chapter 62 of the laws of 2015 amending the tax law, relating to the imposition of an occu- pancy tax in the city of Yonkers, in relation to extending the effec- tiveness thereof; to amend chapter 327 of the laws of 2006, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Essex to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, in relation to extending the expi- ration and repeal of such provisions; to amend chapter 405 of the laws of 2005 amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Albany to impose a county recording tax on obligations secured by a mortgage on real property, in relation to extending the effectiveness thereof; to amend chapter 368 of the laws of 2008, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Warren to impose an addi- tional mortgage recording tax, in relation to extending the effective- ness thereof; to amend chapter 218 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Greene to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, in relation to extending the effec- tiveness thereof; to amend chapter 98 of the laws of 2009, amending the tax law relating to authorizing the county of Cattaraugus to impose an additional mortgage recording tax, in relation to extending the expiration thereof; to amend chapter 105 of the laws of 2009 amending chapter 693 of the laws of 1980 enabling the county of Albany to impose and collect taxes on occupancy of hotel or motel rooms in Albany county relating to revenues received from the collection of hotel or motel occupancy taxes, in relation to the effectiveness ther- eof; to amend the real property tax law, in relation to adjusted base proportions for assessment rolls; to amend the real property tax law, in relation to the determination of adjusted base proportions in special assessing units which are cities for the fiscal year two thou- sand nineteen; to amend the real property tax law, in relation to allowing certain special assessing units other than cities to adjust EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets [] is old law to be omitted. LBD16345-02-8A. 11246 2 their current base proportions, adjusted base proportions for assess- ment rolls, and the base proportion in approved assessing units in Nassau county; to amend the local finance law, in relation to the sale of bonds and notes of the city of Buffalo; to amend the local finance law, in relation to the sale of bonds and notes of the city of New York, the issuance of bonds or notes with variable rates of interest, interest rate exchange agreements of the city of New York, the refund- ing of bonds, and the down payment for projects financed by bonds; to amend chapter 868 of the laws of 1975 constituting the New York state financial emergency act for the city of New York, in relation to a pledge and agreement of the state; and to amend chapter 142 of the laws of 2004, amending the local finance law relating to interest rate exchange agreements of the city of New York and refunding bonds of such city, in relation to the effectiveness thereof; and to amend the local finance law, in relation to bonds and notes of the city of Yonk- ers (Part A); to amend the education law and the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to authorizing the installation and use of safety cameras on school buses for the purpose of monitoring overtaking and passing of school bus violations; to amend the vehicle and traffic law, in relation to photo speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York; to amend chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, amending the vehicle and traffic law, the public officers law and the general municipal law relating to photo speed violation moni- toring systems in school speed zones in the city of New York, in relation to making technical corrections thereto; to amend chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law relating to establishing in a city with a popu- lation of one million or more a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, in relation to the effectiveness thereof; to amend the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law, in relation to establishing in the city of Buffalo a demonstration program implement- ing speed violation monitoring systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices; and providing for the repeal of certain provisions upon expiration thereof (Part B); to amend the public authorities law, in relation to the Nassau county interim finance authority (Part C); and to amend part B of chapter 57 of the laws of 2018, amending the public health law and other laws relating to registration of licensed home care services agencies, in relation to the moratorium on the processing and approval of applications (Part D) The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem- bly, do enact as follows: 1 Section 1. This act enacts into law components of legislation. Each 2 component is wholly contained within a Part identified as Part A through 3 D. The effective date for each particular provision contained within 4 such Part is set forth in the last section of such Part. Any provision 5 in any section contained within a Part, including the effective date of 6 the Part, which makes reference to a section "of this act", when used in 7 connection with that particular component, shall be deemed to mean and 8 refer to the corresponding section of the Part in which it is found. 9 Section three of this act sets forth the general effective date of this 10 act.A. 11246 3 1 PART A 2 Section 1. Section 2 of chapter 88 of the laws of 2009 amending the 3 tax law relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of 4 New Rochelle, as amended by chapter 159 of the laws of 2015, is amended 5 to read as follows: 6 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be 7 deemed repealed September 1, [2018] 2021. 8 § 2. Section 2 of chapter 89 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law 9 relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of Rye, as 10 amended by chapter 204 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 11 follows: 12 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be 13 deemed repealed September 1, [2018] 2021. 14 § 3. Section 2 of chapter 62 of the laws of 2015 amending the tax 15 relating to the imposition of an occupancy tax in the city of Yonkers, 16 is amended to read as follows: 17 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be 18 deemed repealed September 1, [2018] 2021. 19 § 4. Section 3 of chapter 327 of the laws of 2006, amending the tax 20 law relating to authorizing the county of Essex to impose an additional 21 mortgage recording tax, as amended by chapter 289 of the laws of 2015, 22 is amended to read as follows: 23 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that 24 this act shall expire and be deemed repealed December 1, [2018] 2021. 25 § 5. Section 2 of chapter 405 of the laws of 2005 amending the tax law 26 relating to authorizing the county of Albany to impose a county record- 27 ing tax on obligations secured by a mortgage on real property, as 28 amended by chapter 132 of the laws of 2016, is amended to read as 29 follows: 30 § 2. This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall 31 have become a law and shall expire and be deemed repealed on the first 32 of December, [2018] 2020. 33 § 6. Section 2 of chapter 368 of the laws of 2008, amending the tax 34 law relating to authorizing the county of Warren to impose an additional 35 mortgage recording tax, as amended by chapter 190 of the laws of 2016, 36 is amended to read as follows: 37 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be 38 deemed repealed December 1, [2018] 2020. 39 § 7. Section 2 of chapter 218 of the laws of 2009 amending the tax law 40 relating to authorizing the county of Greene to impose an additional 41 mortgage recording tax, as amended by chapter 129 of the laws of 2016, 42 is amended to read as follows: 43 § 2. This act shall take effect on the sixtieth day after it shall 44 have become a law and shall expire and be deemed repealed December 1, 45 [2018] 2020. 46 § 8. Section 2 of chapter 98 of the laws of 2009, amending the tax law 47 relating to authorizing the county of Cattaraugus to impose an addi- 48 tional mortgage recording tax, as amended by chapter 303 of the laws of 49 2015, is amended to read as follows: 50 § 2. This act shall take effect immediately and shall expire and be 51 deemed repealed December 1, [2018] 2021. 52 § 9. Section 3 of chapter 105 of the laws of 2009 amending chapter 693 53 of the laws of 1980 enabling the county of Albany to impose and collect 54 taxes on occupancy of hotel or motel rooms in Albany county relating to 55 revenues received from the collection of hotel or motel occupancy taxes,A. 11246 4 1 as amended by chapter 452 of the laws of 2016, is amended to read as 2 follows: 3 § 3. This act shall take effect upon the adoption by the county of 4 Albany of a local law imposing in such county the additional occupancy 5 tax authorized by this act and shall expire and be deemed repealed 6 December 31, [2018] 2020; provided that Albany county shall notify the 7 legislative bill drafting commission upon the occurrence of the enact- 8 ment of such local law in order that the commission may maintain an 9 accurate and timely effective data base of the official text of the laws 10 of the state of New York in furtherance of effecting the provisions of 11 section 44 of the legislative law and section 70-b of the public offi- 12 cers law. 13 § 10. Subparagraph (iv) of paragraph (a) of subdivision 3 of section 14 1903 of the real property tax law, as amended by chapter 152 of the laws 15 of 2017, is amended to read as follows: 16 (iv) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in an approved 17 assessing unit in the county of Suffolk and for current base proportions 18 to be determined by taxes based on such approved assessing unit's two 19 thousand three - two thousand four, two thousand four - two thousand 20 five and two thousand five - two thousand six assessment rolls, the 21 current base proportion of any class shall not exceed the adjusted base 22 proportion or adjusted proportion, whichever is appropriate, of the 23 immediately preceding year by more than two percent, or in the case of 24 the two thousand five--two thousand six, two thousand six--two thousand 25 seven, two thousand seven--two thousand eight, two thousand eight--two 26 thousand nine, two thousand twelve--two thousand thirteen, two thousand 27 thirteen--two thousand fourteen, two thousand fourteen--two thousand 28 fifteen, two thousand fifteen--two thousand sixteen, two thousand 29 sixteen--two thousand seventeen, [and] two thousand seventeen--two thou- 30 sand eighteen, and two thousand eighteen--two thousand nineteen assess- 31 ment rolls, one percent. Where the computation of current base 32 proportions would otherwise produce such result, the current base 33 proportion of such class or classes shall be limited to such two percent 34 or one percent increase whichever is applicable, and the legislative 35 body of such approved assessing unit shall alter the current base 36 proportion of either class so that the sum of the current base 37 proportions equals one. 38 § 11. Subdivision 1 of section 1803-a of the real property tax law is 39 amended by adding a new paragraph (dd) to read as follows: 40 (dd) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (c) of this subdivi- 41 sion to the contrary, in a special assessing unit which is a city and 42 for current base proportions to be determined in such special assessing 43 unit's fiscal year two thousand nineteen, the current base proportion of 44 any class shall not exceed the adjusted base proportion or adjusted 45 proportion, whichever is appropriate, of the immediately preceding year 46 by more than one-half of one percent. Where the computation performed 47 pursuant to paragraph (b) of this subdivision would otherwise produce 48 such result, the current base proportion of such class or classes shall 49 be limited to a one-half of one percent increase and the legislative 50 body of such special assessing unit shall alter the current base propor- 51 tion of any or all remaining classes so that the sum of the current base 52 proportions equals one. 53 § 12. In the event the special assessing unit which is a city has sent 54 out real property tax bills for its fiscal year 2019 before this act 55 shall have become a law, the city shall take such actions as are neces- 56 sary, consistent with applicable state and local law, to effect theA. 11246 5 1 provisions of section eleven of this act, including, but not limited to, 2 revising the current base proportions and adjusted base proportions, 3 resetting the real property tax rates and sending amended real property 4 tax bills. Provided, however, that nothing herein shall be deemed to 5 affect the obligation of any taxpayer with respect to the payment of any 6 installment of real property tax for such fiscal year which was due and 7 payable prior to the date such amended real property tax bills are sent; 8 for this purpose, such obligations shall be determined in accordance 9 with the applicable provisions of law that were in effect immediately 10 prior to the effective date of this act, and such city shall be author- 11 ized to determine the date on which amended bills are to be sent and the 12 installments of real property tax which are to be reflected therein. 13 § 13. Subdivision 1 of section 1803-a of the real property tax law is 14 amended by adding a new paragraph (ee) to read as follows: 15 (ee) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (c) of this subdivi- 16 sion to the contrary, in a special assessing unit that is not a city and 17 for current base proportions to be determined by taxes based on such 18 special assessing unit's two thousand eighteen assessment roll, the 19 current base proportion of any class shall not exceed the adjusted base 20 proportion or adjusted proportion, whichever is appropriate, of the 21 immediately preceding year by more than one percent. Where the computa- 22 tion performed pursuant to paragraph (b) of this subdivision would 23 otherwise produce such result, the current base proportion of such class 24 or classes shall be limited to such one percent increase and the legis- 25 lative body of such special assessing unit shall alter the current base 26 proportion of any or all remaining classes so that the sum of the 27 current base proportions equals one. 28 § 13-a. Paragraph (a) of subdivision 3 of section 1903 of the real 29 property tax law is amended by adding a new subparagraph (xix) to read 30 as follows: 31 (xix) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in an approved 32 assessing unit in the county of Nassau and for current base proportions 33 to be determined by taxes based on such approved assessing unit's two 34 thousand eighteen roll, the current base proportion of any class shall 35 not exceed the adjusted base proportion or adjusted proportion, whichev- 36 er is appropriate, of the immediately preceding year, by more than one 37 percent, provided that such approved assessing unit has passed a local 38 law, ordinance or resolution providing therefor. Where the computation 39 of current base proportions would otherwise produce such result, the 40 current base proportion of such class or classes shall be limited to 41 such one percent increase and the legislative body of such approved 42 assessing unit shall alter the current base proportion of either class 43 so that the sum of the current base proportions equals one. 44 § 14. Section 54.30 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 62 45 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: 46 § 54.30 Costs of sales; bonds and notes of the city of Buffalo. 47 Subject to the provisions of chapter one hundred twenty-two of the laws 48 of two thousand three creating the Buffalo fiscal stability authority, 49 to facilitate the marketing of any issue of serial bonds or notes of the 50 city of Buffalo issued on or before June thirtieth, two thousand [eigh-51teen] nineteen, such city may, notwithstanding any limitations on 52 private sales of bonds provided by law, and subject to approval by the 53 state comptroller of the terms and conditions of such sale: (a) arrange 54 for the underwriting of its bonds or notes at private sale through nego- 55 tiated agreement, compensation for such underwriting to be provided by 56 negotiated fee or by sale of such bonds or notes to an underwriter at aA. 11246 6 1 price of less than the sum of par value of, and the accrued interest on, 2 such obligations; or (b) arrange for the private sale of its bonds or 3 notes through negotiated agreement, compensation for such sales to be 4 provided by negotiated fee, if required. The cost of such underwriting 5 or private placement shall be deemed a preliminary cost for purposes of 6 section 11.00 of this article. 7 § 15. The opening paragraph of paragraph (a) of section 54.10 of the 8 local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is 9 amended to read as follows: 10 To facilitate the marketing of any issue of bonds or notes of the city 11 of New York issued on or before June thirtieth, two thousand [eighteen] 12 nineteen, the mayor and comptroller of such city may, subject to the 13 approval of the state comptroller and the limitations on private sales 14 of bonds and notes, respectively, provided by law: 15 § 16. The closing paragraph of paragraph a of section 54.90 of the 16 local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is 17 amended to read as follows: 18 Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever in the judgment of the finance 19 board of the city of New York the interest of such city would be served 20 thereby, the city of New York may without further approval issue bonds 21 or notes, on or before July fifteenth, two thousand [eighteen] nineteen, 22 with interest rates that vary in accordance with a formula or procedure 23 and are subject to a maximum rate of interest set forth or referred to 24 in the bonds or notes and may provide the holders thereof with such 25 rights to require the city or other persons to purchase such bonds or 26 notes or renewals thereof from the proceeds of the resale thereof or 27 otherwise from time to time prior to the final maturity of such bonds or 28 notes as the finance board of the city of New York may determine and the 29 city may resell, at any time prior to final maturity, any such bonds or 30 notes acquired as a result of the exercise of such rights; provided, 31 however, that at no time shall the total principal amount of bonds and 32 notes issued by the city of New York pursuant to this paragraph (other 33 than bonds and notes (1) bearing interest at rates and for periods of 34 time that are specified without reference to future events or contingen- 35 cies, or (2) described in section 136.00 of this article) exceed twen- 36 ty-five percent of the limit prescribed by section 104.00 of this arti- 37 cle. 38 § 17. The opening paragraph of subdivision 1 of paragraph d of section 39 54.90 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 40 2017, is amended to read as follows: 41 On or before July fifteenth, two thousand [eighteen] nineteen the 42 mayor and comptroller of the city of New York may: 43 § 18. The opening paragraph of paragraph a of section 57.00 of the 44 local finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is 45 amended to read as follows: 46 Bonds shall be sold only at public sale and in accordance with the 47 procedure set forth in this section and sections 58.00 and 59.00 of this 48 title, except as otherwise provided in this paragraph. Bonds may be sold 49 at private sale to the United States government or any agency or instru- 50 mentality thereof, the state of New York municipal bond bank agency, to 51 any sinking fund or pension fund of the municipality, school district or 52 district corporation selling such bonds, or, in the case of sales by the 53 city of New York prior to July first, two thousand [eighteen] nineteen, 54 also to the municipal assistance corporation for the city of New York or 55 to any other purchaser with the consent of the mayor and the comptroller 56 of such city and approval of the state comptroller, or, in the case ofA. 11246 7 1 sales by the county of Nassau prior to December thirty-first, two thou- 2 sand seven, also to the Nassau county interim finance authority with the 3 approval of the state comptroller, or, in the case of sales by the city 4 of Buffalo prior to June thirtieth, two thousand thirty-seven, also to 5 the Buffalo fiscal stability authority with the approval of the state 6 comptroller, or, in the case of bonds or other obligations of a munici- 7 pality issued for the construction of any sewage treatment works, sewage 8 collecting system, storm water collecting system, water management 9 facility, air pollution control facility or solid waste disposal facili- 10 ty, also to the New York state environmental facilities corporation, or, 11 in the case of bonds or other obligations of a school district or a city 12 acting on behalf of a city school district in a city having a population 13 in excess of one hundred twenty-five thousand but less than one million 14 inhabitants according to the latest federal census, issued to finance or 15 refinance the cost of school district capital facilities or school 16 district capital equipment, as defined in section sixteen hundred seven- 17 ty-six of the public authorities law, also to the dormitory authority of 18 the state of New York. Bonds of a river improvement or drainage district 19 established by or under the supervision of the department of environ- 20 mental conservation may be sold at private sale to the state of New York 21 as investments for any funds of the state which by law may be invested, 22 provided, however, that the rate of interest on any such bonds so sold 23 shall be approved by the water power and control commission and the 24 state comptroller. Bonds may also be sold at private sale as provided in 25 section 63.00 of this title. No bonds shall be sold on option or on a 26 deferred payment plan, except that options to purchase, effective for a 27 period not exceeding one year, may be given: 28 § 19. Subdivision 3 of paragraph g of section 90.00 of the local 29 finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to 30 read as follows: 31 3. Outstanding bonds may, pursuant to a power to recall and redeem or 32 with the consent of the holders thereof, be exchanged for refunding 33 bonds (i) if the refunding bonds are to bear interest at a rate equal to 34 or lower than that borne by the bonds to be refunded or (ii) if, in the 35 case of the city of New York prior to July first, two thousand [eigh-36teen] nineteen, the annual payment required for principal and interest 37 on the refunding bond is less than the annual payment required for prin- 38 cipal and interest on the bond to be refunded, in each case such annual 39 payments to be determined by dividing the total principal and interest 40 payments due over the remaining life of the bond by the number of years 41 to maturity of the bond or (iii) if the bonds to be refunded were issued 42 by the city of New York after June thirtieth, nineteen hundred seventy- 43 eight and prior to July first, two thousand [eighteen] nineteen and 44 contain covenants referring to the existence of the New York state 45 financial control board for the city of New York or any other covenants 46 relating to matters other than the prompt payment of principal and 47 interest on the obligations when due and the refunding bond omits or 48 modifies any such covenant. 49 § 20. Subdivision 8 of paragraph d of section 107.00 of the local 50 finance law, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, is amended to 51 read as follows: 52 8. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the financing by the 53 city of New York prior to July first, two thousand [eighteen] nineteen 54 of any object or purpose which has a period of probable usefulness 55 determined by law by the issuance of any bonds or notes, including (i) 56 the issuance of bonds or notes to obtain reimbursement for funds hereto-A. 11246 8 1 fore advanced for the object or purpose for which the bonds or notes are 2 being issued, (ii) the issuance of bonds or notes to redeem notes previ- 3 ously issued for the object or purpose for which the bonds or notes are 4 being issued or (iii) the issuance of bonds to refund bonds previously 5 issued for the object or purpose for which bonds are being issued. 6 § 21. Subdivision 1 of section 10-a of section 2 of chapter 868 of the 7 laws of 1975, constituting the New York state financial emergency act 8 for the city of New York, as amended by chapter 64 of the laws of 2017, 9 is amended to read as follows: 10 1. In the event that after the date on which the provisions of this 11 act become operative, any notes or bonds are issued by the city prior to 12 July 1, [2018] 2019, or any bonds are issued by a state financing agen- 13 cy, the state of New York hereby authorizes the city and authorizes and 14 requires such state financing agency to include a pledge and agreement 15 of the state of New York in any agreement made by the city or such state 16 financing agency with holders or guarantors of such notes or bonds that 17 the state will not take any action which will (a) substantially impair 18 the authority of the board during a control period, as defined in subdi- 19 vision twelve of section two of this act as in effect on the date such 20 notes or bonds are issued (i) to approve, disapprove, or modify any 21 financial plan or financial plan modification, including the revenue 22 projections (or any item thereof) contained therein, subject to the 23 standards set forth in paragraphs a, c, d, e and f of subdivision one of 24 section eight of this act as in effect on the date such notes or bonds 25 are issued and paragraph b of such subdivision as in effect from time to 26 time, (ii) to disapprove a contract of the city or a covered organiza- 27 tion if the performance of such contract would be inconsistent with the 28 financial plan or to approve or disapprove proposed short-term or long- 29 term borrowing of the city or a covered organization or any agreement or 30 other arrangement referred to in subdivision four of section seven of 31 this act, or (iii) to establish and adopt procedures with respect to the 32 deposit in and disbursement from the board fund of city revenues; (b) 33 substantially impair the authority of the board to review financial 34 plans, financial plan modifications, contracts of the city or the 35 covered organizations and proposed short-term or long-term borrowings of 36 the city and the covered organizations; (c) substantially impair the 37 independent maintenance of a separate fund for the payment of debt 38 service on bonds and notes of the city; (d) alter the composition of the 39 board so that the majority of the voting members of the board are not 40 officials of the state of New York elected in a state-wide election or 41 appointees of the governor; (e) terminate the existence of the board 42 prior to the time to be determined in accordance with section thirteen 43 of this act as in effect on the date such notes or bonds are issued; (f) 44 substantially modify the requirement that the city's financial state- 45 ments be audited by a nationally recognized independent certified public 46 accounting firm or consortium of firms and that a report on such audit 47 be furnished to the board; or (g) alter the definition of a control 48 period set forth in subdivision twelve of section two of this act, as in 49 effect on the date such notes or bonds are issued, or substantially 50 alter the authority of the board, as set forth in said subdivision to 51 reimpose or terminate a control period; provided, however, that the 52 foregoing pledge and agreement shall be of no further force and effect 53 if at any time (i) there is on deposit in a separate trust account with 54 a bank, trust company or other fiduciary sufficient moneys or direct 55 obligations of the United States or obligations guaranteed by the United 56 States, the principal of and/or interest on which will provide moneys toA. 11246 9 1 pay punctually when due at maturity or prior to maturity by redemption, 2 in accordance with their terms, all principal of and interest on all 3 outstanding notes and bonds of the city or such state financing agency 4 containing this pledge and agreement and irrevocable instructions from 5 the city or such state financing agency to such bank, trust company or 6 other fiduciary for such payment of such principal and interest with 7 such moneys shall have been given, or (ii) such notes and bonds, togeth- 8 er with interest thereon, have been paid in full at maturity or have 9 otherwise been refunded, redeemed, defeased, or discharged; and provided 10 further that the foregoing pledge and agreement shall be of full force 11 and effect upon its inclusion in any agreement made by the city or state 12 financing agency with holders or guarantors of such notes or bonds. 13 Upon payment for such obligations issued pursuant to this act by the 14 original and all subsequent holders inclusion of the foregoing covenant 15 shall be deemed conclusive evidence of valuable consideration received 16 by the state and city for such covenant and of reliance upon such pledge 17 and agreement by any such holder. The state hereby grants any such bene- 18 fited holder the right to sue the state in a court of competent juris- 19 diction and enforce this covenant and agreement and waives all rights of 20 defense based on sovereign immunity in such an action or suit. 21 § 22. Section 5 of chapter 142 of the laws of 2004, amending the local 22 finance law relating to interest rate exchange agreements of the city of 23 New York and refunding bonds of such city, as amended by chapter 64 of 24 the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: 25 § 5. This act shall take effect immediately, provided, that section 26 three of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed July 15, [2018] 27 2019. 28 § 23. Section 54.40 of the local finance law, as amended by chapter 44 29 of the laws of 2017, is amended to read as follows: 30 § 54.40 Bonds and notes of the city of Yonkers. Subject to the 31 provisions of the New York state financial emergency act of nineteen 32 hundred eighty-four for the city of Yonkers, to facilitate the marketing 33 of any issue of serial bonds or notes of the city of Yonkers issued on 34 or before June thirtieth, two thousand [eighteen] nineteen, such city 35 may, notwithstanding any limitations on private sales of bonds provided 36 by law, and subject to approval by the state comptroller of the terms 37 and conditions of such sale: (a) arrange for the underwriting of its 38 bonds or notes at private sale through negotiated agreement, compen- 39 sation for such underwriting to be provided by negotiated fee or by sale 40 of such bonds or notes to an underwriter at a price of less than the sum 41 of par value of, and the accrued interest on, such obligations; or (b) 42 arrange for the private sale of its bonds or notes through negotiated 43 agreement, compensation for such sales to be provided by negotiated fee, 44 if required. The cost of such underwriting or private placement shall be 45 deemed a preliminary cost for purposes of section 11.00 of this article. 46 § 24. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that 47 section thirteen of this act shall apply to the levy of taxes based on 48 the 2018 assessment roll in a special assessing unit that is not a city 49 and that section thirteen-a of this act shall apply to the levy of taxes 50 based on the 2018 assessment roll in approved assessing units in the 51 county of Nassau that pass a local law, ordinance or resolution to adopt 52 these provisions. 53 PART BA. 11246 10 1 Section 1. Legislative findings and intent. The transportation of 2 school children to and from school is an important component of the 3 state's obligation to ensure adequate support of a public school system 4 for the education of all children of the State. Safely transporting 5 students to and from school is necessary to afford all children of the 6 State an education. School bus cameras and speed cameras in school 7 zones contribute to students' safety and reduce unnecessary dangers 8 students face when travelling to school. Furthermore, high population 9 cities in New York have more students living in close proximity to the 10 students' schools, so the use of photo enforcement to deter motorists 11 from passing stopped school buses and speeding in school zones helps to 12 ensure that students are less at risk when walking or riding to and from 13 school. Therefore, the legislature finds and declares that it is a 14 substantial state concern, with an impact well beyond a single munici- 15 pality, to ensure safe access to schools through the use of photo 16 enforcement as provided in this act. 17 § 2. Section 1604 of the education law is amended by adding a new 18 subdivision 43 to read as follows: 19 43. To pass, in the discretion of the trustees, a resolution authoriz- 20 ing the use of school bus cameras pursuant to section eleven hundred 21 eighteen of the vehicle and traffic law, provided that the trustees may 22 also enter into contracts with a third party for the installation, 23 administration, operation, notice processing, and maintenance of such 24 cameras, and for the sharing of revenue derived from such cameras pursu- 25 ant to section eleven hundred eighteen of the vehicle and traffic law, 26 provided that the purchase, lease, installation, operation and mainte- 27 nance, or any other costs associated with such cameras shall not be 28 considered an aidable expense pursuant to section thirty-six hundred 29 twenty-three-a of this chapter. 30 § 3. Section 1709 of the education law is amended by adding a new 31 subdivision 43 to read as follows: 32 43. To pass a resolution, in the discretion of the board, authorizing 33 the use of school bus cameras pursuant to section eleven hundred eigh- 34 teen of the vehicle and traffic law, provided that the board may also 35 enter into contracts with a third party for the installation, adminis- 36 tration, operation, notice processing, and maintenance of such cameras, 37 and for the sharing of revenue derived from such cameras pursuant to 38 section eleven hundred eighteen of the vehicle and traffic law, provided 39 that the purchase, lease, installation, operation and maintenance, or 40 any other costs associated with such cameras shall not be considered an 41 aidable expense pursuant to section thirty-six hundred twenty-three-a of 42 this chapter. 43 § 4. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 44 1118 to read as follows: 45 § 1118. Owner liability for operator illegally overtaking or passing a 46 school bus. (a) 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, each 47 board of education or trustees of a school district is hereby authorized 48 and empowered to adopt and amend a resolution establishing a school bus 49 safety camera program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 50 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with section eleven 51 hundred seventy-four of this title. Such program shall empower a board 52 of education or school district or school bus transportation contractor 53 that has contracted with such school district to install school bus 54 safety cameras upon school buses operated by or contracted with such 55 district.A. 11246 11 1 2. Such program shall utilize necessary technologies to ensure, to the 2 extent practicable, that photographs produced by such school bus safety 3 cameras shall not include images that identify the driver, the passen- 4 gers, or the contents of the vehicle. Provided, however, that no notice 5 of liability issued pursuant to this section shall be dismissed solely 6 because a photograph or photographs allow for the identification of the 7 contents of a vehicle, provided that such school district has made a 8 reasonable effort to comply with the provisions of this paragraph. 9 (b) In any school district which has adopted a resolution pursuant to 10 subdivision (a) of this section, the owner of a vehicle shall be liable 11 for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section if such vehicle was used 12 or operated with the permission of the owner, express or implied, in 13 violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of 14 this title, and such violation is evidenced by information obtained from 15 a school bus safety camera; provided however that no owner of a vehicle 16 shall be liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section where the 17 operator of such vehicle has been convicted of the underlying violation 18 of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title. 19 (c) For purposes of this section, "owner" shall have the meaning 20 provided in article two-B of this chapter. For purposes of this section, 21 "school bus safety camera" shall mean an automated photo monitoring 22 device affixed to the outside of a school bus and designated to detect 23 and store one or more images of motor vehicles that overtake or pass 24 school buses in violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred 25 seventy-four of this title. 26 (d) No school district or school bus transportation contractor that 27 has installed cameras pursuant to this section shall access the images 28 from such cameras but shall provide, pursuant to an agreement with the 29 appropriate law enforcement agency or agencies, for the proper handling 30 and custody of such images for the forwarding of such images from such 31 cameras to a law enforcement agency having jurisdiction in the area in 32 which the violation occurred for the purpose of imposing monetary 33 liability on the owner of a motor vehicle for illegally overtaking or 34 passing a school bus in violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven 35 hundred seventy-four of this title. After receipt of such images a 36 police officer shall inspect such images to determine whether a 37 violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of 38 this title was committed. Upon such a finding a certificate, sworn to or 39 affirmed by an officer of such agency, or a facsimile thereof, based 40 upon inspection of photographs, microphotographs or other recorded 41 images produced by a school bus safety camera, shall be prima facie 42 evidence of the facts contained therein. Any photographs, microphoto- 43 graphs or other recorded images evidencing such a violation shall be 44 available for inspection in any proceeding to adjudicate the liability 45 for such violation. 46 (e) An owner found liable pursuant to this section for a violation of 47 subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title 48 shall be liable for a monetary penalty of two hundred fifty dollars. 49 (e-1) Payment of the monetary penalty imposed by subdivision (e) of 50 this section shall be payable to the municipality where the violation 51 occurred, provided however, the school district shall be entitled to a 52 portion of the monetary penalty that equals the cost to the school 53 district of purchasing and maintaining the cameras. Nothing herein shall 54 prevent the municipality from entering into a memorandum of understand- 55 ing with the school district to return an additional portion of such 56 penalty received to the school district.A. 11246 12 1 (f) An imposition of liability under this section shall not be deemed 2 a conviction as an operator and shall not be made part of the operating 3 record of the person upon whom such liability is imposed nor shall it be 4 used for insurance purposes in the provision of motor vehicle insurance 5 coverage. 6 (g) 1. A notice of liability shall be sent by the respective law 7 enforcement agency by first class mail to each person alleged to be 8 liable as an owner for a violation of subdivision (a) of section eleven 9 hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to this section. Personal 10 delivery on the owner shall not be required. A manual or automatic 11 record of mailing prepared in the ordinary course of business shall be 12 prima facie evidence of the facts contained therein. 13 2. A notice of liability shall contain the name and address of the 14 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of subdivision 15 (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to 16 this section, the registration number of the vehicle involved in such 17 violation, the location where such violation took place, the date and 18 time of such violation and the identification number of the camera which 19 recorded the violation or other document locator number. 20 3. The notice of liability shall contain information advising the 21 person charged of the manner and the time in which he may contest the 22 liability alleged in the notice. Such notice of liability shall also 23 contain a warning to advise the persons charged that failure to contest 24 in the manner and time provided shall be deemed an admission of liabil- 25 ity and that a default judgement may be entered thereon. 26 4. The notice of liability shall be prepared and mailed by the respec- 27 tive law enforcement agency having jurisdiction over the location where 28 the violation occurred. 29 (h) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners by this section 30 shall be by a traffic violations bureau established pursuant to section 31 three hundred seventy of the general municipal law or, if there be none, 32 by the court having jurisdiction over traffic infractions, except that 33 any city which has established or designated an administrative tribunal 34 to hear and determine owner liability established by this article for 35 failure to comply with traffic-control indications shall use such tribu- 36 nal to adjudicate the liability imposed by this section. 37 (i) If an owner receives a notice of liability pursuant to this 38 section for any time period during which the vehicle was reported to a 39 police department as having been stolen, it shall be a valid defense to 40 an allegation of liability for a violation of subdivision (a) of section 41 eleven hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to this section that 42 the vehicle had been reported to the police as stolen prior to the time 43 the violation occurred and had not been recovered by such time. For 44 purposes of asserting the defense provided by this subdivision it shall 45 be sufficient that a certified copy of the police report on the stolen 46 vehicle be sent by first class mail to the traffic violations bureau, 47 court having jurisdiction or parking violations bureau. 48 (j) Where the adjudication of liability imposed upon owners pursuant 49 to this section is by an administrative tribunal, traffic violations 50 bureau, or a court having jurisdiction, an owner who is a lessor of a 51 vehicle to which a notice of liability was issued pursuant to subdivi- 52 sion (g) of this section shall not be liable for the violation of subdi- 53 vision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title, 54 provided that he or she sends to the administrative tribunal, traffic 55 violations bureau, or court having jurisdiction a copy of the rental, 56 lease or other such contract document covering such vehicle on the dateA. 11246 13 1 of the violation, with the name and address of the lessee clearly legi- 2 ble, within thirty-seven days after receiving notice from the bureau or 3 court of the date and time of such violation, together with the other 4 information contained in the original notice of liability. Failure to 5 send such information within such thirty-seven day time period shall 6 render the owner liable for the penalty prescribed by this section. 7 Where the lessor complies with the provisions of this paragraph, the 8 lessee of such vehicle on the date of such violation shall be deemed to 9 be the owner of such vehicle for purposes of this section, shall be 10 subject to liability for the violation of subdivision (a) of section 11 eleven hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to this section and 12 shall be sent a notice of liability pursuant to subdivision (g) of this 13 section. 14 (k) 1. If the owner liable for a violation of subdivision (a) of 15 section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title pursuant to this 16 section was not the operator of the vehicle at the time of the 17 violation, the owner may maintain an action for indemnification against 18 the operator. 19 2. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no owner of a 20 vehicle shall be subject to a monetary fine imposed pursuant to this 21 section if the operator of such vehicle was operating such vehicle with- 22 out the consent of the owner at the time such operator was found to have 23 been overtaking or passing a school bus. For purposes of this subdivi- 24 sion there shall be a presumption that the operator of such vehicle was 25 operating such vehicle with the consent of the owner at the time such 26 operator was found to have been overtaking or passing a school bus. 27 (l) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the liability 28 of an operator of a vehicle for any violation of subdivision (a) of 29 section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title. 30 (m) In any school district which adopts a school bus safety camera 31 program pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section, such school 32 district shall submit an annual report on the results of the use of its 33 school bus safety cameras to the governor, the temporary president of 34 the senate and the speaker of the assembly on or before June first, two 35 thousand nineteen and on the same date in each succeeding year in which 36 the demonstration program is operable. Such report shall include, but 37 not be limited to: 38 1. a description of the number of buses and routes where school bus 39 safety cameras were used; 40 2. the aggregate number of annual incidents of violations of subdivi- 41 sion (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title within the 42 districts; 43 3. the number of violations recorded by school bus safety cameras in 44 the aggregate and on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 45 4. the total number of notices of liability issued for violations 46 recorded by such systems; 47 5. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after first 48 notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; 49 6. the number of violations adjudicated and results of such adjudi- 50 cations including breakdowns of dispositions made for violations 51 recorded by such systems; 52 7. the total amount of revenue realized by such school district from 53 such adjudications; 54 8. expenses incurred by such school district in connection with the 55 program; and 56 9. quality of the adjudication process and its results.A. 11246 14 1 (n) It shall be a defense to any prosecution for a violation of subdi- 2 vision (a) of section eleven hundred seventy-four of this title that 3 such school bus safety cameras were malfunctioning at the time of the 4 alleged violation. 5 § 5. Paragraph 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle 6 and traffic law, as amended by chapter 43 of the laws of 2014, is 7 amended to read as follows: 8 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the city of New York is 9 hereby authorized to establish a demonstration program imposing monetary 10 liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator thereof 11 to comply with posted maximum speed limits in a school speed zone within 12 [the] such city (i) when a school speed limit is in effect as provided 13 in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section eleven hundred 14 eighty of this article or (ii) when other speed limits are in effect as 15 provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 16 eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on school days 17 during school hours and one hour before and one hour after the school 18 day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school and up to 19 thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes immediately 20 after such student activities. Such demonstration program shall empower 21 the city of New York to install photo speed violation monitoring systems 22 within no more than [one hundred forty] two hundred ninety school speed 23 zones within [the] such city at any one time and to operate such systems 24 within such zones (iii) when a school speed limit is in effect as 25 provided in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section eleven 26 hundred eighty of this article or (iv) when other speed limits are in 27 effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 28 hundred eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on school 29 days during school hours and one hour before and one hour after the 30 school day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school and 31 up to thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes imme- 32 diately after such student activities. In selecting a school speed zone 33 in which to install and operate a photo speed violation monitoring 34 system, the city of New York shall consider criteria including, but not 35 limited to, the speed data, crash history, and the roadway geometry 36 applicable to such school speed zone. Such city shall prioritize the 37 placement of photo speed violation monitoring systems in school speed 38 zones based upon speed data or the crash history of a school speed zone. 39 A photo speed violation monitoring system shall not be installed or 40 operated on a controlled-access highway exit ramp or within three 41 hundred feet along a highway that continues from the end of a cont- 42 rolled-access highway exit ramp. 43 § 6. Paragraph 2 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle 44 and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended 45 to read as follows: 46 2. No photo speed violation monitoring system shall be used in a 47 school speed zone unless (i) on the day it is to be used it has success- 48 fully passed a self-test of its functions; and (ii) it has undergone an 49 annual calibration check performed pursuant to paragraph four of this 50 subdivision. The city [may] shall install signs giving notice that a 51 photo speed violation monitoring system is in use to be mounted on 52 advance warning signs notifying approaching motor vehicle operators of 53 such upcoming school speed zone and/or on speed limit signs applicable 54 within such school speed zone, in conformance with standards established 55 in the MUTCD. Such advance warning signs shall also, to the extent 56 authorized by the MUTCD, contain the words "speed camera ahead" and beA. 11246 15 1 no more than three hundred feet from such photo speed violation monitor- 2 ing system. 3 § 7. Paragraph 4 of subdivision (c) of section 1180-b of the vehicle 4 and traffic law, as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended 5 to read as follows: 6 4. "school speed zone" shall mean a radial distance not to exceed one 7 thousand three hundred twenty feet [on a highway passing] from a school 8 building, entrance, or exit [of a school abutting on the highway]. 9 § 8. Subdivision (n) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, 10 as added by chapter 189 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as 11 follows: 12 (n) If the city adopts a demonstration program pursuant to subdivision 13 [one] (a) of this section it shall conduct a study and submit [a] an 14 annual report on the results of the use of photo devices to the gover- 15 nor, the temporary president of the senate and the speaker of the assem- 16 bly on or before June first, two thousand nineteen and on the same date 17 in each succeeding year in which the demonstration program is operable. 18 Such report shall include: 19 1. the locations where and dates when photo speed violation monitoring 20 systems were used; 21 2. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, 22 injuries and property damage reported within all school speed zones 23 within the city, to the extent the information is maintained by the 24 department of motor vehicles of this state; 25 3. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, 26 injuries and property damage reported within school speed zones where 27 photo speed violation monitoring systems were used, to the extent the 28 information is maintained by the department of motor vehicles of this 29 state; 30 4. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones 31 within the city, in the aggregate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 32 5. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone 33 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used, in the aggre- 34 gate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 35 6. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones 36 within the city that were: 37 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the 38 posted speed limit; 39 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the 40 posted speed limit; 41 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the 42 posted speed limit; and 43 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 44 7. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone 45 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used that were: 46 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the 47 posted speed limit; 48 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the 49 posted speed limit; 50 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the 51 posted speed limit; and 52 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 53 8. the total number of notices of liability issued for violations 54 recorded by such systems; 55 9. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first 56 notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems;A. 11246 16 1 10. the number of violations adjudicated and the results of such adju- 2 dications including breakdowns of dispositions made for violations 3 recorded by such systems; 4 11. the total amount of revenue realized by the city in connection 5 with the program; 6 12. the expenses incurred by the city in connection with the program; 7 [and] 8 13. the quality of the adjudication process and its results; and 9 14. the effectiveness and adequacy of the hours of operation for such 10 program to determine the impact on speeding violations and prevention of 11 crashes. 12 § 9. The opening paragraph of section 12 of chapter 43 of the laws of 13 2014, amending the vehicle and traffic law, the public officers law and 14 the general municipal law relating to photo speed violation monitoring 15 systems in school speed zones in the city of New York, is amended to 16 read as follows: 17 This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have 18 become a law [and]; provided that sections one through ten of this act 19 shall expire 4 years after such effective date when upon such date the 20 provisions of such sections of this act shall be deemed repealed; and 21 provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this 22 act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effec- 23 tive date, provided that: 24 § 10. The opening paragraph of section 15 of chapter 189 of the laws 25 of 2013, amending the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers 26 law relating to establishing in a city with a population of one million 27 or more a demonstration program implementing speed violation monitoring 28 systems in school speed zones by means of photo devices, is amended to 29 read as follows: 30 This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall have 31 become a law and shall expire [5 years after such effective date when32upon such date the provisions of this act shall] and be deemed repealed 33 July 1, 2022; and provided further that any rules necessary for the 34 implementation of this act on its effective date shall be promulgated on 35 or before such effective date, provided that: 36 § 11. Photo speed violation monitoring systems within the additional 37 150 school speed zones authorized for the city of New York by paragraph 38 1 of subdivision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law, 39 as amended by section one of this act, shall be authorized to be 40 installed over the 3 year period following the effective date of this 41 act as follows: 42 (a) in no more than 50 school speed zones during the first such year; 43 (b) in no more than 50 additional school speed zones during the second 44 such year; and 45 (c) in no more than 50 additional school speed zones during the third 46 such year. 47 § 12. Subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as 48 amended by section 1 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to 49 read as follows: 50 1. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special 51 or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which 52 heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative 53 tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions consti- 54 tuting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to adjudicate the 55 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven 56 hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundredA. 11246 17 1 eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 2 violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 3 chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 4 chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and 5 twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the 6 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven 7 hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 8 eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 9 violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 10 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 11 ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll 12 collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the 13 provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the 14 public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c 15 of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred 16 fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with section 17 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane 18 restrictions as defined in subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of such 19 section, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of 20 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 21 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 22 of owners for violations of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 23 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, 24 such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be 25 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. 26 § 12-a. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 27 section 1-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 28 follows: 29 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 30 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 31 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 32 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 33 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 34 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 35 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 36 eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 37 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 38 eleven of this chapter in accordance with sections eleven hundred 39 eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 40 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine, or to 41 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 42 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 43 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 44 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 45 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 46 eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 47 violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- 48 ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 49 five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 50 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 51 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with 52 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus 53 lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the 54 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 55 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 56 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or to adjudicate theA. 11246 18 1 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 2 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 3 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, such tribunal and the 4 rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in 5 substantial conformance with the following sections. 6 § 12-b. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 7 section 1-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 8 follows: 9 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 10 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 11 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 12 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 13 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 14 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 15 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with 16 sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections 17 sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of 18 two thousand nine, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 19 violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 20 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 21 ter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivi- 22 sion (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance 23 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate 24 the liability of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as 25 defined in and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand 26 nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections 27 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four 28 of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of 29 owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- 30 ter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in such section, 31 or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 32 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 33 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, 34 or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 35 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 36 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, 37 such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be 38 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. 39 § 12-c. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 40 section 1-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 41 follows: 42 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 43 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 44 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 45 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 46 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 47 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 48 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 49 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 50 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 51 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 52 eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 53 violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- 54 ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 55 five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 56 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteenA. 11246 19 1 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with 2 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus 3 lane restrictions as defined in such section, or to adjudicate the 4 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 5 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 6 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or to adjudicate the 7 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 8 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 9 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, such tribunal and the 10 rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in 11 substantial conformance with the following sections. 12 § 12-d. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 13 section 1-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 14 follows: 15 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 16 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 17 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 18 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 19 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 20 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 21 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 22 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 23 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 24 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 25 eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 26 violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- 27 ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 28 five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 29 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 30 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate liability of owners for violations of 31 subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 32 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, 33 or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 34 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 35 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, 36 such tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be 37 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. 38 § 12-e. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 39 section 1-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 40 follows: 41 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 42 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 43 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 44 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 45 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 46 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 47 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 48 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 49 of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 50 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 51 eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for 52 violations of toll collection regulations as defined in and in accord- 53 ance with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 54 five of the public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 55 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 56 hundred fifty, or to adjudicate the liability of owners for violationsA. 11246 20 1 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 2 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 3 y-d of this chapter, such tribunal and the rules and regulations 4 pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial conformance with 5 the following sections. 6 § 12-f. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by 7 section 1-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as 8 follows: 9 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 10 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 11 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 12 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 13 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 14 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of 15 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 16 eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or to adjudicate the liability 17 of owners for violations of toll collection regulations as defined in 18 and in accordance with the provisions of section two thousand nine 19 hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law and sections 20 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four 21 of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adjudicate the liability of 22 owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 23 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 24 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, such tribunal and the rules and 25 regulations pertaining thereto shall be constituted in substantial 26 conformance with the following sections. 27 § 12-g. Section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law, as separately 28 amended by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972 and chapter 379 of the laws 29 of 1992, is amended to read as follows: 30 § 235. Jurisdiction. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any 31 general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in 32 any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an 33 administrative tribunal to hear and determine complaints of traffic 34 infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or to 35 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of toll collection 36 regulations as defined in and in accordance with the provisions of 37 section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities 38 law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 39 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, or to adju- 40 dicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), 41 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 42 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, such 43 tribunal and the rules and regulations pertaining thereto shall be 44 constituted in substantial conformance with the following sections. 45 § 13. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, as 46 amended by section 2 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to 47 read as follows: 48 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 49 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 50 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a 51 parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to 52 subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or 53 subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as 54 added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two 55 of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven 56 hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section elevenA. 11246 21 1 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate the liability of 2 owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- 3 en of this chapter in accordance with such section eleven hundred 4 eleven-a, sections eleven hundred eleven-b as added by sections sixteen 5 of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thou- 6 sand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred 7 eleven-e and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of 8 toll collection regulations as defined in and in accordance with the 9 provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the 10 public authorities law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c 11 of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred 12 fifty and shall adjudicate liability of owners in accordance with 13 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus 14 lane restrictions as defined in such section and shall adjudicate the 15 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 16 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 17 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter and shall adjudicate the 18 liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or 19 (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 20 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. Such tribunal, except 21 in a city with a population of one million or more, shall also have 22 jurisdiction of abandoned vehicle violations. For the purposes of this 23 article, a parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regu- 24 lation providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of 25 a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" 26 shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an 27 official possessing authority as such a commissioner. 28 § 13-a. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 29 as amended by section 2-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 30 to read as follows: 31 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 32 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 33 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a 34 parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to 35 subdivisions (a) of sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as 36 added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two 37 of the laws of two thousand nine, or subdivision (a) of section eleven 38 hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or subdivision (a) of section eleven 39 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate the liability of 40 owners for violations of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- 41 en of this chapter in accordance with such sections eleven hundred 42 eleven-b as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, 43 and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven 44 hundred eleven-d or section eleven hundred eleven-e; and shall adjudi- 45 cate liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred 46 eleven-c of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as 47 defined in such section and shall adjudicate liability of owners for 48 violations of subdivisions (c) and (d) of section eleven hundred eighty 49 of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of 50 this chapter and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations 51 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 52 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 53 y-d of this chapter. For the purposes of this article, a parking 54 violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for 55 or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi- 56 tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and includeA. 11246 22 1 the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing 2 authority as such a commissioner. 3 § 13-b. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 4 as amended by section 2-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 5 to read as follows: 6 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 7 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 8 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a 9 parking violation and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to 10 subdivision (a) of section eleven hundred eleven-d or subdivision (a) of 11 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall adjudicate 12 liability of owners in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c 13 of this chapter for violations of bus lane restrictions as defined in 14 such section; and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for 15 violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 16 hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 17 eighty-b of this chapter; and shall adjudicate the liability of owners 18 for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev- 19 en hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 20 hundred eighty-d of this chapter. For the purposes of this article, a 21 parking violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation 22 providing for or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehi- 23 cle. In addition for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean 24 and include the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official 25 possessing authority as such a commissioner. 26 § 13-c. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 27 as amended by section 2-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 28 to read as follows: 29 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 30 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 31 and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) 32 of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of 33 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction 34 of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and shall 35 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), 36 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 37 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter and 38 shall adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision 39 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 40 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 41 For the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation 42 of any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, 43 stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this 44 article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf- 45 fic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commis- 46 sioner. 47 § 13-d. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 48 as amended by section 2-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 49 to read as follows: 50 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 51 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 52 and, where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) 53 of section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or subdivision (a) of 54 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction 55 of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and shall 56 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b),A. 11246 23 1 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 2 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. For 3 the purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of 4 any law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, 5 stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this 6 article, "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traf- 7 fic of the city or an official possessing authority as such a commis- 8 sioner. 9 § 13-e. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 10 as amended by section 2-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended 11 to read as follows: 12 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 13 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 14 and where authorized by local law adopted pursuant to subdivision (a) of 15 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, shall have jurisdiction 16 of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and shall 17 adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (b), 18 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 19 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. For the 20 purposes of this article, a parking violation is the violation of any 21 law, rule or regulation providing for or regulating the parking, stop- 22 ping or standing of a vehicle. In addition for purposes of this article, 23 "commissioner" shall mean and include the commissioner of traffic of the 24 city or an official possessing authority as such a commissioner. 25 § 13-f. Subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and traffic law, 26 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, is amended to read as 27 follows: 28 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such 29 tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau 30 and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a 31 parking violation and shall adjudicate the liability of owners for 32 violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 33 hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 34 eighty-d of this chapter. For the purposes of this article, a parking 35 violation is the violation of any law, rule or regulation providing for 36 or regulating the parking, stopping or standing of a vehicle. In addi- 37 tion for purposes of this article, "commissioner" shall mean and include 38 the commissioner of traffic of the city or an official possessing 39 authority as such a commissioner. 40 § 14. Section 237 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding 41 a new subdivision 16 to read as follows: 42 16. To adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivi- 43 sion (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this 44 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chap- 45 ter. 46 § 15. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 47 traffic law, as amended by section 4 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 48 is amended to read as follows: 49 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 50 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article, 51 but shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant 52 to authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-a of this 53 chapter, or sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by 54 sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the 55 laws of two thousand nine, or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this 56 chapter, or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, and shallA. 11246 24 1 not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 2 section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities 3 law and sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 4 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty and shall not 5 be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section 6 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to 7 include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred 8 eighty-b of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of 9 liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 10 chapter. 11 § 15-a. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 12 traffic law, as amended by section 4-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 13 2015, is amended to read as follows: 14 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 15 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article but 16 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 17 authorization set forth in sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 18 chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and 19 twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred 20 eleven-d of this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 21 chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued 22 pursuant to section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall 23 not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 24 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter and shall not be deemed 25 to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven 26 hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 27 § 15-b. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 28 traffic law, as amended by section 4-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 29 2015, is amended to read as follows: 30 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 31 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 32 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 33 authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 34 ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set 35 forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not 36 be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section 37 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter and shall not be deemed to 38 include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred 39 eighty-b of this chapter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of 40 liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 41 chapter. 42 § 15-c. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 43 traffic law, as amended by section 4-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 44 2015, is amended to read as follows: 45 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 46 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 47 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 48 authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 49 ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set 50 forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not 51 be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section 52 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter and shall not be deemed to 53 include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section eleven hundred 54 eighty-d of this chapter.A. 11246 25 1 § 15-d. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 2 traffic law, as amended by section 4-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 3 2015, is amended to read as follows: 4 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 5 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 6 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 7 authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 8 ter or to a notice of liability issued pursuant to authorization set 9 forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter and shall not 10 be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to section 11 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 12 § 15-e. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 13 traffic law, as amended by section 4-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 14 2015, is amended to read as follows: 15 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 16 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 17 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 18 authorization set forth in section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 19 ter and shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued 20 pursuant to section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 21 § 15-f. Paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of the vehicle and 22 traffic law, as added by chapter 180 of the laws of 1980, is amended to 23 read as follows: 24 f. "Notice of violation" means a notice of violation as defined in 25 subdivision nine of section two hundred thirty-seven of this article and 26 shall not be deemed to include a notice of liability issued pursuant to 27 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter. 28 § 16. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traffic 29 law, as amended by section 5 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 30 amended to read as follows: 31 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 32 violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable 33 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or 34 sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections 35 sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of 36 two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or 37 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, for a violation of 38 subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter 39 contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance 40 with the provisions of section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 41 the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 42 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 43 hundred fifty, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 44 provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 45 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests 46 such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 47 provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a 48 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 49 hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person 50 alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven 51 hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), 52 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter 53 contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally 54 by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date 55 on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The 56 form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by theA. 11246 26 1 director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading 2 or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any 3 subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, 4 and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 5 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 6 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 7 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or 8 sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections 9 sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of 10 two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or 11 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of 12 liability in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty- 13 five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 14 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 15 hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accordance with section 16 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in 17 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or an 18 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 19 y-d of this chapter, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion 20 and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been 21 held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that 22 person prior to the date of the hearing. 23 § 16-a. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 24 fic law, as amended by section 5-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 25 are amended to read as follows: 26 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 27 violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable 28 in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as 29 added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two 30 of the laws of two thousand nine or section eleven hundred eleven-d of 31 this chapter or section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 32 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 33 chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 34 provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 35 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section contests 36 such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 37 provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for 38 violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 39 hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, or a person 40 alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven 41 hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), 42 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter 43 contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally 44 by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date 45 on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The 46 form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the 47 director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading 48 or contesting that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any 49 subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, 50 and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 51 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 52 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 53 in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, as 54 added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two 55 of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven 56 hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section elevenA. 11246 27 1 hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in 2 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an 3 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 4 y-b of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with 5 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is being contested, by a 6 person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been 7 demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any 8 notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hear- 9 ing. 10 § 16-b. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 11 fic law, as amended by section 5-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 12 are amended to read as follows: 13 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 14 violation enters a plea of not guilty or a person alleged to be liable 15 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 16 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in 17 accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eleven-c of 18 this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in 19 such section, contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable 20 in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of 21 this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 22 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, 23 or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of 24 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of 25 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 26 of this chapter contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such 27 person personally by such form of first class mail as the director may 28 direct of the date on which he or she must appear to answer the charge 29 at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of hearing shall be 30 prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning to advise the 31 person so pleading that failure to appear on the date designated, or on 32 any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liabil- 33 ity, and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 34 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 35 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 36 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 37 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or in 38 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an 39 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 40 y-b of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with 41 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is being contested, by a 42 person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been 43 demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any 44 notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date of the hear- 45 ing. 46 § 16-c. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 47 fic law, as amended by section 5-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 48 are amended to read as follows: 49 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 50 violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable 51 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or a 52 person alleged to be liable in accordance with section eleven hundred 53 eleven-e of this chapter, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance 54 with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter 55 for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section elev- 56 en hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, or a personA. 11246 28 1 alleged to be liable in accordance with the provisions of section eleven 2 hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), 3 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter 4 contests such allegation, the bureau shall advise such person personally 5 by such form of first class mail as the director may direct of the date 6 on which he or she must appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The 7 form and content of such notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the 8 director, and shall contain a warning to advise the person so pleading 9 that failure to appear on the date designated, or on any subsequent 10 adjourned date, shall be deemed an admission of liability, and that a 11 default judgment may be entered thereon. 12 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 13 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 14 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or 15 the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability in accord- 16 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or the bureau 17 has been notified that an allegation of liability in accordance with 18 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or an allegation of 19 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 20 chapter, is being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hear- 21 ing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the 22 bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person 23 prior to the date of the hearing. 24 § 16-d. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 25 fic law, as amended by section 5-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 26 are amended to read as follows: 27 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 28 violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable 29 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter 30 contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance 31 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter contests such alle- 32 gation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with the 33 provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a 34 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 35 hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, the bureau 36 shall advise such person personally by such form of first class mail as 37 the director may direct of the date on which he or she must appear to 38 answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such notice of 39 hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain a warning 40 to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the date 41 designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an 42 admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- 43 eon. 44 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 45 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 46 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, is 47 being contested, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of 48 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 49 chapter, or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 50 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, is being contested, by a person in a 51 timely fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has 52 not yet been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or 53 penalty to that person prior to the date of the hearing. 54 § 16-e. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 55 fic law, as amended by section 5-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, 56 are amended to read as follows:A. 11246 29 1 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 2 violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable 3 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter 4 contests such allegation, or a person alleged to be liable in accordance 5 with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter 6 for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 7 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, the 8 bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first class 9 mail as the director may direct of the date on which he or she must 10 appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such 11 notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain 12 a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the 13 date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an 14 admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- 15 eon. 16 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 17 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 18 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or 19 an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 20 eighty-d of this chapter, is being contested, by a person in a timely 21 fashion and a hearing upon the merits has been demanded, but has not yet 22 been held, the bureau shall not issue any notice of fine or penalty to 23 that person prior to the date of the hearing. 24 § 16-f. Subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the vehicle and traf- 25 fic law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, and 26 subdivision 1-a as added by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended 27 to read as follows: 28 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking 29 violation enters a plea of not guilty, or a person alleged to be liable 30 in accordance with the provisions of section eleven hundred eighty-d of 31 this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 32 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter contests such allegation, 33 the bureau shall advise such person personally by such form of first 34 class mail as the director may direct of the date on which he must 35 appear to answer the charge at a hearing. The form and content of such 36 notice of hearing shall be prescribed by the director, and shall contain 37 a warning to advise the person so pleading that failure to appear on the 38 date designated, or on any subsequent adjourned date, shall be deemed an 39 admission of liability, and that a default judgment may be entered ther- 40 eon. 41 1-a. Fines and penalties. Whenever a plea of not guilty has been 42 entered, or the bureau has been notified that an allegation of liability 43 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is 44 being contested, by a person in a timely fashion and a hearing upon the 45 merits has been demanded, but has not yet been held, the bureau shall 46 not issue any notice of fine or penalty to that person prior to the date 47 of the hearing. 48 § 17. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the vehi- 49 cle and traffic law, as amended by section 6 of chapter 222 of the laws 50 of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 51 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 52 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 53 eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred 54 eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 55 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 56 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or inA. 11246 30 1 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an 2 allegation of liability in accordance with section two thousand nine 3 hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, 4 sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the 5 laws of nineteen hundred fifty or an allegation of liability in accord- 6 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or an allega- 7 tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of 8 this chapter, or an allegation of liability in accordance with section 9 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, shall be held before a hearing 10 examiner in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the 11 bureau. 12 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 13 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 14 eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred 15 eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 16 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 17 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter is 18 contested or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 19 chapter is contested or of a hearing at which liability in accordance 20 with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public author- 21 ities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter 22 seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty is 23 contested or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section 24 eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or of a hearing at which liabil- 25 ity in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter 26 or of a hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven 27 hundred eighty-d of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be 28 used for the making of the record. 29 § 17-a. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 30 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-a of chapter 222 of the 31 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 32 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 33 or an allegation of liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred 34 eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 35 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 36 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 37 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or an 38 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 39 eleven-c of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 40 with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or an allegation of 41 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 42 chapter, shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with 43 rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. 44 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 45 hearing at which liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred 46 eleven-b of this chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 47 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 48 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 49 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or of a 50 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 51 eleven-c of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- 52 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or of a hear- 53 ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 54 y-d of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be used for the 55 making of the record.A. 11246 31 1 § 17-b. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 2 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-b of chapter 222 of the 3 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 4 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 5 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 6 eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 7 with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of 8 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this 9 chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 10 hundred eighty-b of this chapter or an allegation of liability in 11 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter shall be 12 held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations 13 promulgated by the bureau. 14 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 15 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 16 eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- 17 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or of a hear- 18 ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 19 eleven-c of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- 20 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or of a hear- 21 ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 22 y-d of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be used for the 23 making of the record. 24 § 17-c. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 25 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-c of chapter 222 of the 26 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 27 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 28 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 29 eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 30 with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of 31 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this 32 chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 33 hundred eighty-d of this chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner 34 in accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. 35 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or of a 36 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 37 eleven-e of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accord- 38 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or of a hear- 39 ing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 40 y-b of this chapter or of a hearing at which liability in accordance 41 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is contested. 42 Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. 43 § 17-d. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 44 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-d of chapter 222 of the 45 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 46 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 47 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 48 eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 49 with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or an allegation of 50 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 51 chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules 52 and regulations promulgated by the bureau. 53 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a 54 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 55 eleven-d of this chapter is contested or a hearing at which liability in 56 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or aA. 11246 32 1 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 2 eighty-d of this chapter is contested. Recording devices may be used for 3 the making of the record. 4 § 17-e. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 5 vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 6-e of chapter 222 of the 6 laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows: 7 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 8 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 9 eleven-e of this chapter or an allegation of liability in accordance 10 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter shall be held 11 before a hearing examiner in accordance with rules and regulations 12 promulgated by the bureau. 13 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a 14 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 15 eleven-e of this chapter or a hearing at which liability in accordance 16 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter is contested. 17 Recording devices may be used for the making of the record. 18 § 17-f. Paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 240 of the 19 vehicle and traffic law, as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, 20 are amended to read as follows: 21 a. Every hearing for the adjudication of a charge of parking violation 22 or an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 23 eighty-d of this chapter shall be held before a hearing examiner in 24 accordance with rules and regulations promulgated by the bureau. 25 g. A record shall be made of a hearing on a plea of not guilty or a 26 hearing at which liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 27 eighty-d of this chapter. Recording devices may be used for the making 28 of the record. 29 § 18. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 30 law, as amended by section 7 of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 31 amended to read as follows: 32 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 33 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 34 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 35 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 36 incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this 37 chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 38 chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and 39 twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with 40 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with 41 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or the record of liabil- 42 ities incurred in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred 43 eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, 44 sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the 45 laws of nineteen hundred fifty of the person charged, or the record of 46 liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c 47 of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance 48 with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or in the record 49 of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 50 y-d of this chapter of the person charged, as applicable prior to 51 rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or 52 dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll main- 53 tained by the bureau together with records showing payment and nonpay- 54 ment of penalties. 55 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 56 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordanceA. 11246 33 1 with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance 2 with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by 3 sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the 4 laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred 5 eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred 6 eleven-e of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability 7 in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the 8 public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of 9 chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred 10 fifty, or fails to contest an allegation of liability in accordance with 11 section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or fails to contest an 12 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 13 y-b of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability in 14 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or fails 15 to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or 16 fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing 17 examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the 18 bureau, such failure to plead or contest, appear or comply shall be 19 deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds 20 for rendering and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by 21 the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration 22 of the original date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default 23 judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the 24 applicable provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form 25 of first class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation 26 charged, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a 27 of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b 28 of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twen- 29 ty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance 30 with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance 31 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liabil- 32 ity in accordance with section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 33 the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 34 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 35 hundred fifty alleged or liability in accordance with section eleven 36 hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liability in accordance with section 37 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter alleged, or liability in accord- 38 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter alleged, (2) 39 of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be 40 entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been 41 established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place 42 provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, 43 and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting 44 an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 45 eleven-a of this chapter or in accordance with sections eleven hundred 46 eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twen- 47 ty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in 48 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in 49 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or 50 contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section two 51 thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or 52 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 53 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or contesting an 54 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 55 eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in 56 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter orA. 11246 34 1 contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 2 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, as appropriate, or making an appear- 3 ance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered and 4 allegations contested within that period shall be in the manner 5 prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. 6 Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to 7 the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who 8 are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default 9 judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default 10 judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time 11 prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an allegation. When a 12 person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for 13 any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner 14 shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he or she 15 shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person 16 was originally charged. 17 § 18-a. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 18 law, as amended by section 7-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 19 amended to read as follows: 20 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 21 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 22 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 23 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 24 incurred in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 25 chapter as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and 26 twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with 27 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or in accordance with 28 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the person charged, 29 or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven 30 hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred 31 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or 32 the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven 33 hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the person charged, as applicable 34 prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain- 35 ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll 36 maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and 37 nonpayment of penalties. 38 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 39 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 40 with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by 41 sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the 42 laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred 43 eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred 44 eleven-e of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability 45 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or 46 fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with 47 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or fails to contest an 48 allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven 49 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or fails to appear on a designated 50 hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to 51 comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by 52 this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to 53 plead, contest, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an 54 admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a 55 default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of 56 the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original dateA. 11246 35 1 prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 2 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 3 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 4 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, 5 or liability in accordance with sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this 6 chapter, as added by sections sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, 7 and twenty-two of the laws of two thousand nine or in accordance with 8 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or in accordance with 9 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or liability in accord- 10 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or liability 11 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter 12 alleged, or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d 13 of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that 14 such judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which 15 the bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or 16 any other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the 17 state of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a 18 plea or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 19 sections eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter as added by sections 20 sixteen of chapters twenty, twenty-one, and twenty-two of the laws of 21 two thousand nine or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 22 of this chapter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of 23 this chapter, or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance 24 with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter or contesting an 25 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 26 y-b of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accord- 27 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, as appropri- 28 ate, or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such 29 notice. Pleas entered and allegations contested within that period shall 30 be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional 31 penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be 32 required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of opera- 33 tors or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In no 34 case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice 35 of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after the 36 expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea or contesting an 37 allegation. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty 38 shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If 39 the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustain- 40 ing them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those 41 upon which the person was originally charged. 42 § 18-b. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 43 law, as amended by section 7-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 44 amended to read as follows: 45 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 46 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 47 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine the 48 prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in 49 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the 50 person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with 51 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the person charged, 52 or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven 53 hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or the record of liabilities incurred 54 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or 55 the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven 56 hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the person charged, as applicable,A. 11246 36 1 prior to rendering a final determination. Final determinations sustain- 2 ing or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final determination roll 3 maintained by the bureau together with records showing payment and 4 nonpayment of penalties. 5 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 6 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 7 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or contest an 8 allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 9 eleven-d of this chapter, or fails to contest an allegation of liability 10 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter, or 11 fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with 12 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or fails to contest an 13 allegation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven 14 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or fails to appear on a designated 15 hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to 16 comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by 17 this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to 18 plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission 19 of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default 20 judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of the 21 bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date prescribed 22 for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be rendered, in 23 such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law 24 notify such operator or owner, by such form of first class mail as the 25 commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged, or liability in 26 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or 27 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this 28 chapter, or alleged liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 29 eleven-c of this chapter or alleged liability in accordance with section 30 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or alleged liability in accord- 31 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, (2) of the 32 impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in 33 the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or 34 other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the 35 entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a 36 default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of 37 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 38 chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 39 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allega- 40 tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of 41 this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 42 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or contesting an allega- 43 tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of 44 this chapter or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending 45 of such notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner 46 prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. 47 Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to 48 the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who 49 are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default 50 judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default 51 judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time 52 prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, 53 no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding 54 of the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on 55 the charges, sustaining them, he or she shall impose no greater penalty 56 or fine than those upon which the person was originally charged.A. 11246 37 1 § 18-c. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 2 law, as amended by section 7-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 3 amended to read as follows: 4 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 5 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 6 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 7 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 8 incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this 9 chapter of the person charged, or the record of liabilities incurred in 10 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the 11 person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with 12 section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or the record of 13 liabilities incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d 14 of this chapter of the person charged, as applicable, prior to rendering 15 a final determination. Final determinations sustaining or dismissing 16 charges shall be entered on a final determination roll maintained by the 17 bureau together with records showing payment and nonpayment of penal- 18 ties. 19 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 20 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 21 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- 22 gation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 23 of this chapter or fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred 24 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter or 25 fails to contest an allegation of liability incurred in accordance with 26 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or fails to appear on a 27 designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a 28 hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing examiner, as 29 prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the bureau, such 30 failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an 31 admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering and entering a 32 default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and regulations of 33 the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original date 34 prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 35 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 36 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 37 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or 38 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 39 chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 40 of this chapter or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 41 eighty-b of this chapter alleged, or liability in accordance with 42 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter alleged, (2) of the 43 impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in 44 the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or 45 other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the 46 entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a 47 default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of 48 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 49 chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 50 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allega- 51 tion of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of 52 this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with 53 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or making an appearance 54 within thirty days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within 55 that period shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not 56 subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending defaultA. 11246 38 1 judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof 2 in the case of operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of 3 New York. In no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where 4 required, a notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two 5 years after the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. 6 When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be 7 imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the 8 hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining 9 them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which 10 the person was originally charged. 11 § 18-d. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 12 law, as amended by section 7-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 13 amended to read as follows: 14 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 15 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 16 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either 17 the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities 18 incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 19 chapter of the person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in 20 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter of the 21 person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with 22 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the person charged, 23 as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determi- 24 nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final 25 determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records show- 26 ing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 27 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 28 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 29 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- 30 gation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 31 of this chapter or contest an allegation of liability incurred in 32 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or fails 33 to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or 34 fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing 35 examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the 36 bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all 37 purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering 38 and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and 39 regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original 40 date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 41 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 42 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 43 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or 44 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 45 chapter alleged or liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 46 eleven-d of this chapter alleged or liability in accordance with section 47 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter alleged, (2) of the impending 48 default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be entered in the Civil 49 Court of the city in which the bureau has been established, or other 50 court of civil jurisdiction or any other place provided for the entry of 51 civil judgments within the state of New York, and (4) that a default may 52 be avoided by entering a plea or contesting an allegation of liability 53 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or 54 contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 55 hundred eleven-d of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liabil- 56 ity in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapterA. 11246 39 1 or making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such 2 notice. Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner 3 prescribed in the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. 4 Such notice of impending default judgment shall not be required prior to 5 the rendering and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who 6 are non-residents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default 7 judgment be rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default 8 judgment be sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time 9 prescribed for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no 10 fine or penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of 11 the hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the 12 charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine 13 than those upon which the person was originally charged. 14 § 18-e. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 15 law, as amended by section 7-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are 16 amended to read as follows: 17 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 18 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 19 mines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine the 20 prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in 21 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter of the 22 person charged or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with 23 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the person charged, 24 as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. Final determi- 25 nations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered on a final 26 determination roll maintained by the bureau together with records show- 27 ing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 28 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 29 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability in accordance 30 with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter or contest an alle- 31 gation of liability incurred in accordance with section eleven hundred 32 eighty-d of this chapter or fails to appear on a designated hearing date 33 or subsequent adjourned date or fails after a hearing to comply with the 34 determination of a hearing examiner, as prescribed by this article or by 35 rule or regulation of the bureau, such failure to plead, appear or 36 comply shall be deemed, for all purposes, an admission of liability and 37 shall be grounds for rendering and entering a default judgment in an 38 amount provided by the rules and regulations of the bureau. However, 39 after the expiration of the original date prescribed for entering a plea 40 and before a default judgment may be rendered, in such case the bureau 41 shall pursuant to the applicable provisions of law notify such operator 42 or owner, by such form of first class mail as the commission may direct; 43 (1) of the violation charged or liability in accordance with section 44 eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter alleged or liability in accord- 45 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter alleged, (2) 46 of the impending default judgment, (3) that such judgment will be 47 entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the bureau has been 48 established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any other place 49 provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state of New York, 50 and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or contesting 51 an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven hundred 52 eleven-e of this chapter or contesting an allegation of liability in 53 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or 54 making an appearance within thirty days of the sending of such notice. 55 Pleas entered within that period shall be in the manner prescribed in 56 the notice and not subject to additional penalty or fee. Such notice ofA. 11246 40 1 impending default judgment shall not be required prior to the rendering 2 and entry thereof in the case of operators or owners who are non-resi- 3 dents of the state of New York. In no case shall a default judgment be 4 rendered or, where required, a notice of impending default judgment be 5 sent, more than two years after the expiration of the time prescribed 6 for entering a plea. When a person has demanded a hearing, no fine or 7 penalty shall be imposed for any reason, prior to the holding of the 8 hearing. If the hearing examiner shall make a determination on the 9 charges, sustaining them, he shall impose no greater penalty or fine 10 than those upon which the person was originally charged. 11 § 18-f. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehicle and traffic 12 law, subdivision 1 as added by chapter 715 of the laws of 1972, and 13 subdivision 2 as amended by chapter 365 of the laws of 1978, are amended 14 to read as follows: 15 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, 16 either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner deter- 17 mines that the charges have been sustained he may examine the prior 18 parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in 19 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter of the 20 person charged, as applicable, prior to rendering a final determination. 21 Final determinations sustaining or dismissing charges shall be entered 22 on a final determination roll maintained by the bureau together with 23 records showing payment and nonpayment of penalties. 24 2. Where an operator or owner fails to enter a plea to a charge of a 25 parking violation or contest an allegation of liability incurred in 26 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter or fails 27 to appear on a designated hearing date or subsequent adjourned date or 28 fails after a hearing to comply with the determination of a hearing 29 examiner, as prescribed by this article or by rule or regulation of the 30 bureau, such failure to plead, appear or comply shall be deemed, for all 31 purposes, an admission of liability and shall be grounds for rendering 32 and entering a default judgment in an amount provided by the rules and 33 regulations of the bureau. However, after the expiration of the original 34 date prescribed for entering a plea and before a default judgment may be 35 rendered, in such case the bureau shall pursuant to the applicable 36 provisions of law notify such operator or owner, by such form of first 37 class mail as the commission may direct; (1) of the violation charged or 38 liability in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this 39 chapter alleged, (2) of the impending default judgment, (3) that such 40 judgment will be entered in the Civil Court of the city in which the 41 bureau has been established, or other court of civil jurisdiction or any 42 other place provided for the entry of civil judgments within the state 43 of New York, and (4) that a default may be avoided by entering a plea or 44 contesting an allegation of liability in accordance with section eleven 45 hundred eighty-d of this chapter or making an appearance within thirty 46 days of the sending of such notice. Pleas entered within that period 47 shall be in the manner prescribed in the notice and not subject to addi- 48 tional penalty or fee. Such notice of impending default judgment shall 49 not be required prior to the rendering and entry thereof in the case of 50 operators or owners who are non-residents of the state of New York. In 51 no case shall a default judgment be rendered or, where required, a 52 notice of impending default judgment be sent, more than two years after 53 the expiration of the time prescribed for entering a plea. When a person 54 has demanded a hearing, no fine or penalty shall be imposed for any 55 reason, prior to the holding of the hearing. If the hearing examiner 56 shall make a determination on the charges, sustaining them, he shallA. 11246 41 1 impose no greater penalty or fine than those upon which the person was 2 originally charged. 3 § 19. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 4 1180-d to read as follows: 5 § 1180-d. Owner liability for failure of operator to comply with 6 certain posted maximum speed limits. (a) 1. Notwithstanding any other 7 provision of law, the city of Buffalo is hereby authorized to establish 8 a demonstration program imposing monetary liability on the owner of a 9 vehicle for failure of an operator thereof to comply with posted maximum 10 speed limits in a school speed zone within the city (i) when a school 11 speed limit is in effect as provided in paragraphs one and two of subdi- 12 vision (c) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article or (ii) when 13 other speed limits are in effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), 14 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article during the 15 following times: (A) on school days during school hours and one hour 16 before and one hour after the school day, and (B) a period during 17 student activities at the school and up to thirty minutes immediately 18 before and up to thirty minutes immediately after such student activ- 19 ities. Such demonstration program shall empower the city to install 20 photo speed violation monitoring systems within no more than twenty 21 school speed zones within the city at any one time and to operate such 22 systems within such zones (iii) when a school speed limit is in effect 23 as provided in paragraphs one and two of subdivision (c) of section 24 eleven hundred eighty of this article or (iv) when other speed limits 25 are in effect as provided in subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section 26 eleven hundred eighty of this article during the following times: (A) on 27 school days during school hours and one hour before and one hour after 28 the school day, and (B) a period during student activities at the school 29 and up to thirty minutes immediately before and up to thirty minutes 30 immediately after such student activities. In selecting a school speed 31 zone in which to install and operate a photo speed violation monitoring 32 system, the city shall consider criteria including, but not limited to 33 the speed data, crash history, and the roadway geometry applicable to 34 such school speed zone. 35 2. No photo speed violation monitoring system shall be used in a 36 school speed zone unless (i) on the day it is to be used it has success- 37 fully passed a self-test of its functions; and (ii) it has undergone an 38 annual calibration check performed pursuant to paragraph four of this 39 subdivision. The city shall install signs giving notice that a photo 40 speed violation monitoring system is in use to be mounted on advance 41 warning signs notifying motor vehicle operators of such upcoming school 42 speed zone and/or on speed limit signs applicable within such school 43 speed zone, in conformance with standards established in the MUTCD. 44 3. Operators of photo speed violation monitoring systems shall have 45 completed training in the procedures for setting up, testing, and oper- 46 ating such systems. Each such operator shall complete and sign a daily 47 set-up log for each such system that he or she operates that (i) states 48 the date and time when, and the location where, the system was set up 49 that day, and (ii) states that such operator successfully performed, and 50 the system passed, the self-tests of such system before producing a 51 recorded image that day. The city shall retain each such daily log 52 until the later of the date on which the photo speed violation monitor- 53 ing system to which it applies has been permanently removed from use or 54 the final resolution of all cases involving notices of liability issued 55 based on photographs, microphotographs, video or other recorded images 56 produced by such system.A. 11246 42 1 4. Each photo speed violation monitoring system shall undergo an annu- 2 al calibration check performed by an independent calibration laboratory 3 which shall issue a signed certificate of calibration. The city shall 4 keep each such annual certificate of calibration on file until the final 5 resolution of all cases involving a notice of liability issued during 6 such year which were based on photographs, microphotographs, videotape 7 or other recorded images produced by such photo speed violation monitor- 8 ing system. 9 5. (i) Such demonstration program shall utilize necessary technologies 10 to ensure, to the extent practicable, that photographs, microphoto- 11 graphs, videotape or other recorded images produced by such photo speed 12 violation monitoring systems shall not include images that identify the 13 driver, the passengers, or the contents of the vehicle. Provided, howev- 14 er, that no notice of liability issued pursuant to this section shall be 15 dismissed solely because such a photograph, microphotograph, videotape 16 or other recorded image allows for the identification of the driver, the 17 passengers, or the contents of vehicles where the city shows that it 18 made reasonable efforts to comply with the provisions of this paragraph 19 in such case. 20 (ii) Photographs, microphotographs, videotape or any other recorded 21 image from a photo speed violation monitoring system shall be for the 22 exclusive use of the city for the purpose of the adjudication of liabil- 23 ity imposed pursuant to this section and of the owner receiving a notice 24 of liability pursuant to this section, and shall be destroyed by the 25 city upon the final resolution of the notice of liability to which such 26 photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded images 27 relate, or one year following the date of issuance of such notice of 28 liability, whichever is later. Notwithstanding the provisions of any 29 other law, rule or regulation to the contrary, photographs, microphoto- 30 graphs, videotape or any other recorded image from a photo speed 31 violation monitoring system shall not be open to the public, nor subject 32 to civil or criminal process or discovery, nor used by any court or 33 administrative or adjudicatory body in any action or proceeding therein 34 except that which is necessary for the adjudication of a notice of 35 liability issued pursuant to this section, and no public entity or 36 employee, officer or agent thereof shall disclose such information, 37 except that such photographs, microphotographs, videotape or any other 38 recorded images from such systems: 39 (A) shall be available for inspection and copying and use by the motor 40 vehicle owner and operator for so long as such photographs, microphoto- 41 graphs, videotape or other recorded images are required to be maintained 42 or are maintained by such public entity, employee, officer or agent; and 43 (B) (1) shall be furnished when described in a search warrant issued 44 by a court authorized to issue such a search warrant pursuant to article 45 six hundred ninety of the criminal procedure law or a federal court 46 authorized to issue such a search warrant under federal law, where such 47 search warrant states that there is reasonable cause to believe such 48 information constitutes evidence of, or tends to demonstrate that, a 49 misdemeanor or felony offense was committed in this state or another 50 state, or that a particular person participated in the commission of a 51 misdemeanor or felony offense in this state or another state, provided, 52 however, that if such offense was against the laws of another state, the 53 court shall only issue a warrant if the conduct comprising such offense 54 would, if occurring in this state, constitute a misdemeanor or felony 55 against the laws of this state; andA. 11246 43 1 (2) shall be furnished in response to a subpoena duces tecum signed by 2 a judge of competent jurisdiction and issued pursuant to article six 3 hundred ten of the criminal procedure law or a judge or magistrate of a 4 federal court authorized to issue such a subpoena duces tecum under 5 federal law, where the judge finds and the subpoena states that there is 6 reasonable cause to believe such information is relevant and material to 7 the prosecution, or the defense, or the investigation by an authorized 8 law enforcement official, of the alleged commission of a misdemeanor or 9 felony in this state or another state, provided, however, that if such 10 offense was against the laws of another state, such judge or magistrate 11 shall only issue such subpoena if the conduct comprising such offense 12 would, if occurring in this state, constitute a misdemeanor or felony in 13 this state; and 14 (3) may, if lawfully obtained pursuant to this clause and clause (A) 15 of this subparagraph and otherwise admissible, be used in such criminal 16 action or proceeding. 17 (b) If the city of Buffalo establishes a demonstration program pursu- 18 ant to subdivision (a) of this section, the owner of a vehicle shall be 19 liable for a penalty imposed pursuant to this section if such vehicle 20 was used or operated with the permission of the owner, express or 21 implied, within a school speed zone in violation of subdivision (c) or 22 during the times authorized pursuant to subdivision (a) of this section 23 in violation of subdivision (b), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 24 hundred eighty of this article, such vehicle was traveling at a speed of 25 more than ten miles per hour above the posted speed limit in effect 26 within such school speed zone, and such violation is evidenced by infor- 27 mation obtained from a photo speed violation monitoring system; provided 28 however that no owner of a vehicle shall be liable for a penalty imposed 29 pursuant to this section where the operator of such vehicle has been 30 convicted of the underlying violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 31 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article. 32 (c) For purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the 33 following meanings: 34 1. "manual on uniform traffic control devices" or "MUTCD" shall mean 35 the manual and specifications for a uniform system of traffic control 36 devices maintained by the commissioner of transportation pursuant to 37 section sixteen hundred eighty of this chapter; 38 2. "owner" shall have the meaning provided in article two-B of this 39 chapter; 40 3. "photo speed violation monitoring system" shall mean a vehicle 41 sensor installed to work in conjunction with a speed measuring device 42 which automatically produces two or more photographs, two or more micro- 43 photographs, a videotape or other recorded images of each vehicle at the 44 time it is used or operated in a school speed zone in violation of 45 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 46 of this article in accordance with the provisions of this section; and 47 4. "school speed zone" shall mean a distance not to exceed one thou- 48 sand three hundred twenty feet on a highway passing a school building, 49 entrance or exit of a school abutting on the highway. 50 (d) A certificate, sworn to or affirmed by a technician employed by 51 the city of Buffalo, or a facsimile thereof, based upon inspection of 52 photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded images 53 produced by a photo speed violation monitoring system, shall be prima 54 facie evidence of the facts contained therein. Any photographs, micro- 55 photographs, videotape or other recorded images evidencing such a 56 violation shall include at least two date and time stamped images of theA. 11246 44 1 rear of the motor vehicle that include the same stationary object near 2 the motor vehicle and shall be available for inspection reasonably in 3 advance of and at any proceeding to adjudicate the liability for such 4 violation pursuant to this section. 5 (e) An owner liable for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 6 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to a 7 demonstration program established pursuant to this section shall be 8 liable for monetary penalties in accordance with a schedule of fines and 9 penalties to be promulgated by the parking violations bureau of the city 10 of Buffalo. The liability of the owner pursuant to this section shall 11 not exceed fifty dollars for each violation; provided, however, that 12 such parking violations bureau may provide for an additional penalty not 13 in excess of twenty-five dollars for each violation for the failure to 14 respond to a notice of liability within the prescribed time period. 15 (f) An imposition of liability under the demonstration program estab- 16 lished pursuant to this section shall not be deemed a conviction as an 17 operator and shall not be made part of the operating record of the 18 person upon whom such liability is imposed nor shall it be used for 19 insurance purposes in the provision of motor vehicle insurance coverage. 20 (g) 1. A notice of liability shall be sent by first class mail to each 21 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of subdivision 22 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this arti- 23 cle pursuant to this section, within fourteen business days if such 24 owner is a resident of this state and within forty-five business days if 25 such owner is a non-resident. Personal delivery on the owner shall not 26 be required. A manual or automatic record of mailing prepared in the 27 ordinary course of business shall be prima facie evidence of the facts 28 contained therein. 29 2. A notice of liability shall contain the name and address of the 30 person alleged to be liable as an owner for a violation of subdivision 31 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this arti- 32 cle pursuant to this section, the registration number of the vehicle 33 involved in such violation, the location where such violation took 34 place, the date and time of such violation, the identification number of 35 the camera which recorded the violation or other document locator 36 number, at least two date and time stamped images of the rear of the 37 motor vehicle that include the same stationary object near the motor 38 vehicle, and the certificate charging the liability. 39 3. The notice of liability shall contain information advising the 40 person charged of the manner and the time in which he or she may contest 41 the liability alleged in the notice. Such notice of liability shall also 42 contain a prominent warning to advise the person charged that failure to 43 contest in the manner and time provided shall be deemed an admission of 44 liability and that a default judgment may be entered thereon. 45 4. The notice of liability shall be prepared and mailed by the city of 46 Buffalo, or by any other entity authorized by the city to prepare and 47 mail such notice of liability. 48 (h) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners of this section 49 shall be by the city of Buffalo parking violations bureau. 50 (i) If an owner receives a notice of liability pursuant to this 51 section for any time period during which the vehicle or the number plate 52 or plates of such vehicle was reported to the police department as 53 having been stolen, it shall be a valid defense to an allegation of 54 liability for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 55 section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to this section 56 that the vehicle or the number plate or plates of such vehicle had beenA. 11246 45 1 reported to the police as stolen prior to the time the violation 2 occurred and had not been recovered by such time. For purposes of 3 asserting the defense provided by this subdivision, it shall be suffi- 4 cient that a certified copy of the police report on the stolen vehicle 5 or number plate or plates of such vehicle be sent by first class mail to 6 the city of Buffalo parking violations bureau or by any other entity 7 authorized by the city to prepare and mail such notice of liability. 8 (j) Adjudication of the liability imposed upon owners of this section 9 shall be by the city of Buffalo parking violations bureau. 10 (k) 1. An owner who is a lessor of a vehicle to which a notice of 11 liability was issued pursuant to subdivision (g) of this section shall 12 not be liable for the violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) 13 of section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to this 14 section, provided that: 15 (i) prior to the violation, the lessor has filed with such parking 16 violations bureau in accordance with the provisions of section two 17 hundred thirty-nine of this chapter; and 18 (ii) within thirty-seven days after receiving notice from such divi- 19 sion of the date and time of a liability, together with the other infor- 20 mation contained in the original notice of liability, the lessor submits 21 to such division the correct name and address of the lessee of the vehi- 22 cle identified in the notice of liability at the time of such violation, 23 together with such other additional information contained in the rental, 24 lease or other contract document, as may be reasonably required by such 25 division pursuant to regulations that may be promulgated for such 26 purpose. 27 2. Failure to comply with subparagraph (ii) of paragraph one of this 28 subdivision shall render the owner liable for the penalty prescribed in 29 this section. 30 3. Where the lessor complies with the provisions of paragraph one of 31 this subdivision, the lessee of such vehicle on the date of such 32 violation shall be deemed to be the owner of such vehicle for purposes 33 of this section, shall be subject to liability for such violation pursu- 34 ant to this section and shall be sent a notice of liability pursuant to 35 subdivision (i) of this section. 36 (l) 1. If the owner liable for a violation of subdivision (c) or (d) 37 of section eleven hundred eighty of this article pursuant to this 38 section was not the operator of the vehicle at the time of the 39 violation, the owner may maintain an action for indemnification against 40 the operator. 41 2. Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no owner of a 42 vehicle shall be subject to a monetary fine imposed pursuant to this 43 section if the operator of such vehicle was operating such vehicle with- 44 out the consent of the owner at the time such operator operated such 45 vehicle in violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 46 eleven hundred eighty of this article. For purposes of this subdivision 47 there shall be a presumption that the operator of such vehicle was oper- 48 ating such vehicle with the consent of the owner at the time of such 49 operator operated such vehicle in violation of subdivision (b), (c), 50 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this article. 51 (m) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the liability 52 of an operator of a vehicle for any violation of subdivision (c) or (d) 53 of section eleven hundred eighty of this article. 54 (n) If the city adopts a demonstration program pursuant to subdivision 55 (a) of this section it shall conduct a study and submit a report on the 56 results of the use of photo devices to the governor, the temporary pres-A. 11246 46 1 ident of the senate and the speaker of the assembly. Such report shall 2 include: 3 1. the locations where and dates when photo speed violation monitoring 4 systems were used; 5 2. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, 6 injuries and property damage reported within all school speed zones 7 within the city, to the extent the information is maintained by the 8 department of motor vehicles of this state; 9 3. the aggregate number, type and severity of crashes, fatalities, 10 injuries and property damage reported within school speed zones where 11 photo speed violation monitoring systems were used, to the extent the 12 information is maintained by the department of motor vehicles of this 13 state; 14 4. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones 15 within the city, in the aggregate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 16 5. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone 17 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used, in the aggre- 18 gate on a daily, weekly and monthly basis; 19 6. the number of violations recorded within all school speed zones 20 within the city that were: 21 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the 22 posted speed limit; 23 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the 24 posted speed limit; 25 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the 26 posted speed limit; and 27 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 28 7. the number of violations recorded within each school speed zone 29 where a photo speed violation monitoring system is used that were: 30 (i) more than ten but not more than twenty miles per hour over the 31 posted speed limit; 32 (ii) more than twenty but not more than thirty miles per hour over the 33 posted speed limit; 34 (iii) more than thirty but not more than forty miles per hour over the 35 posted speed limit; and 36 (iv) more than forty miles per hour over the posted speed limit; 37 8. the total number of notices of liability issued for violations 38 recorded by such systems; 39 9. the number of fines and total amount of fines paid after the first 40 notice of liability issued for violations recorded by such systems; 41 10. the number of violations adjudicated and the results of such adju- 42 dications including breakdowns of dispositions made for violations 43 recorded by such systems; 44 11. the total amount of revenue realized by the city in connection 45 with the program; 46 12. the expenses incurred by the city in connection with the program; 47 and 48 13. the quality of the adjudication process and its results. 49 (o) It shall be a defense to any prosecution for a violation of subdi- 50 vision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of 51 this article pursuant to this section that such photo speed violation 52 monitoring system was malfunctioning at the time of the alleged 53 violation. 54 § 20. The opening paragraph and paragraph (c) of subdivision 1 of 55 section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 10 of 56 chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, are amended to read as follows:A. 11246 47 1 Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of this 2 state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter or a 3 traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule 4 or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic 5 infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by 6 pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication of liability of 7 an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 8 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 9 eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of 10 an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 11 eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 12 eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication in accordance 13 with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a violation of 14 a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other than an 15 adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) 16 of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with 17 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju- 18 dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), 19 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in 20 accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or 21 other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of 22 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 23 of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of 24 this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for 25 a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 26 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 27 ter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 28 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 29 hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 30 eighty-d of this chapter, there shall be levied a crime victim assist- 31 ance fee and a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required 32 or permitted by law, in accordance with the following schedule: 33 (c) Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 34 this state result in a conviction for an offense under this chapter 35 other than a crime pursuant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this 36 chapter, or a traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, 37 ordinance, rule or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other 38 than a traffic infraction involving standing, stopping, or parking or 39 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 40 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 41 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 42 hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of 43 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 44 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 45 hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of 46 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 47 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 48 hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an infraction pursuant 49 to article nine of this chapter or other than an adjudication of liabil- 50 ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant 51 to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- 52 ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 53 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty or other than 54 an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of 55 this chapter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in 56 such section, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner forA. 11246 48 1 a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 2 hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred 3 eighty-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of 4 an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 5 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 6 eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication 7 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 8 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 9 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of 10 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 11 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance 12 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, there shall be 13 levied a crime victim assistance fee in the amount of five dollars and a 14 mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted 15 by law, in the amount of fifty-five dollars. 16 § 20-a. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 17 as amended by section 10-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 18 amended to read as follows: 19 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 20 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 21 traffic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule 22 or regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, other than a traffic 23 infraction involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equip- 24 ment or violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adju- 25 dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of 26 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 27 eleven hundred eleven-a of this chapter, or other than an adjudication 28 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 29 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 30 hundred eleven-b of this chapter, or other than an adjudication in 31 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 32 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other 33 than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- 34 vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord- 35 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than 36 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 37 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 38 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, 39 or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 40 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 41 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 42 y-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an 43 owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 44 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 45 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication 46 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 47 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 48 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory 49 surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in 50 the amount of twenty-five dollars. 51 § 20-b. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 52 as amended by section 10-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 53 amended to read as follows: 54 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 55 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 56 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infractionA. 11246 49 1 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 2 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 3 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 4 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section, or other 5 than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdi- 6 vision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accord- 7 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than 8 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 9 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 10 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, 11 or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 12 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 13 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 14 y-c of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an 15 owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 16 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 17 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication 18 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 19 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 20 hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a mandatory 21 surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by law, in 22 the amount of seventeen dollars. 23 § 20-c. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 24 as amended by section 10-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 25 amended to read as follows: 26 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 27 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 28 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 29 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 30 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 31 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 32 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 33 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, or other than 34 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 35 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 36 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, 37 or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 38 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 39 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 40 y-d of this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an 41 owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred elev- 42 en of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of 43 this chapter, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for 44 a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 45 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 46 ter, there shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any 47 sentence required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen 48 dollars. 49 § 20-d. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 50 as amended by section 10-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 51 amended to read as follows: 52 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 53 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 54 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 55 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 56 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudicationA. 11246 50 1 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 2 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 3 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, or other than 4 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 5 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 6 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, 7 or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 8 of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in 9 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or 10 other than an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of 11 subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in 12 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there 13 shall be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence 14 required or permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. 15 § 20-e. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 16 as amended by section 10-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 17 amended to read as follows: 18 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 19 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 20 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 21 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 22 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 23 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 24 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 25 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or other than 26 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 27 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with 28 section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter, or other than an adju- 29 dication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (d) of 30 section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with section 31 eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a manda- 32 tory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted by 33 law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. 34 § 20-f. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 35 as amended by section 10-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 2015, is 36 amended to read as follows: 37 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 38 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 39 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 40 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment or 41 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 42 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 43 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 44 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, or other than 45 an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 46 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in accordance with 47 section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter, there shall be levied a 48 mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or permitted 49 by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. 50 § 20-g. Subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and traffic law, 51 as separately amended by chapter 16 of the laws of 1983 and chapter 62 52 of the laws of 1989, is amended to read as follows: 53 1. Whenever proceedings in an administrative tribunal or a court of 54 this state result in a conviction for a crime under this chapter or a 55 traffic infraction under this chapter other than a traffic infraction 56 involving standing, stopping, parking or motor vehicle equipment orA. 11246 51 1 violations by pedestrians or bicyclists, or other than an adjudication 2 of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), 3 (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accord- 4 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, there shall 5 be levied a mandatory surcharge, in addition to any sentence required or 6 permitted by law, in the amount of seventeen dollars. 7 § 21. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 8 and traffic law, as amended by section 11 of chapter 222 of the laws of 9 2015, is amended to read as follows: 10 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 11 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 12 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 13 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 14 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 15 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 16 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 17 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 18 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 19 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 20 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 21 ter, or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 22 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 23 of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter in 24 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-b of this chapter, and 25 except an adjudication in accordance with section eleven hundred 26 eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a bus lane restriction as 27 defined in such section, and except an adjudication of liability of an 28 owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 29 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section 30 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of 31 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 32 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance 33 with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, and except an 34 adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection 35 regulations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of 36 the public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and 37 sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen 38 hundred fifty, or other than an adjudication of liability of an owner 39 for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 40 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 41 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, there shall be levied in addition to 42 any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by law, 43 an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 44 § 21-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 45 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-a of chapter 222 of the laws 46 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 47 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 48 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 49 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 50 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 51 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 52 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 53 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 54 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 55 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 56 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap-A. 11246 52 1 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 2 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 3 ter, and except an adjudication in accordance with section eleven 4 hundred eleven-c of this chapter of a violation of a bus lane 5 restriction as defined in such section, and except an adjudication of 6 liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) 7 or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance 8 with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter, and except an 9 adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of subdivision 10 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 11 ter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter, 12 and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation of 13 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 14 of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of 15 this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 16 violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two thou- 17 sand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or sections 18 sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred seventy-four 19 of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be levied in addition 20 to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required or permitted by 21 law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 22 § 21-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 23 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-b of chapter 222 of the laws 24 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 25 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 26 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 27 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 28 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 29 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 30 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 31 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 32 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 33 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 34 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 35 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 36 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 37 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 38 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 39 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 40 y-b of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 41 for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 42 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 43 hundred eighty-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liabil- 44 ity of an owner for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) 45 of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with 46 section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter, and except an adjudi- 47 cation of liability of an owner for a violation of toll collection regu- 48 lations pursuant to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the 49 public authorities law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of 50 chapter seven hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred 51 fifty, there shall be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or 52 other surcharge required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of 53 twenty-eight dollars. 54 § 21-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 55 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-c of chapter 222 of the laws 56 of 2015, is amended to read as follows:A. 11246 53 1 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 2 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 3 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 4 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 5 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 6 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 7 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 8 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 9 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 10 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 11 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 12 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 13 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 14 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 15 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 16 y-c of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 17 for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 18 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven 19 hundred eighty-d of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liabil- 20 ity of an owner for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant 21 to section two thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authori- 22 ties law or sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven 23 hundred seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall 24 be levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge 25 required or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight 26 dollars. 27 § 21-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 28 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-d of chapter 222 of the laws 29 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 30 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 31 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 32 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 33 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 34 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 35 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 36 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 37 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 38 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 39 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 40 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chap- 41 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 42 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 43 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 44 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 45 y-d of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 46 for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two 47 thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or 48 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 49 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be 50 levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required 51 or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 52 § 21-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 53 and traffic law, as amended by section 11-e of chapter 222 of the laws 54 of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 55 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 56 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in aA. 11246 54 1 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 2 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 3 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 4 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 5 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 6 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 7 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 8 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 9 ter or in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chap- 10 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 11 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 12 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 13 y-d of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 14 for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two 15 thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or 16 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 17 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be 18 levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required 19 or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 20 § 21-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e of the vehicle 21 and traffic law, as amended by section 5 of part C of chapter 55 of the 22 laws of 2013, is amended to read as follows: 23 a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, whenever proceedings in 24 a court or an administrative tribunal of this state result in a 25 conviction for an offense under this chapter, except a conviction pursu- 26 ant to section eleven hundred ninety-two of this chapter, or for a traf- 27 fic infraction under this chapter, or a local law, ordinance, rule or 28 regulation adopted pursuant to this chapter, except a traffic infraction 29 involving standing, stopping, or parking or violations by pedestrians or 30 bicyclists, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a 31 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 32 chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-a of this chap- 33 ter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner for a violation 34 of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred 35 eighty of this chapter in accordance with section eleven hundred eight- 36 y-d of this chapter, and except an adjudication of liability of an owner 37 for a violation of toll collection regulations pursuant to section two 38 thousand nine hundred eighty-five of the public authorities law or 39 sections sixteen-a, sixteen-b and sixteen-c of chapter seven hundred 40 seventy-four of the laws of nineteen hundred fifty, there shall be 41 levied in addition to any sentence, penalty or other surcharge required 42 or permitted by law, an additional surcharge of twenty-eight dollars. 43 § 22. Subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 44 401 of the vehicle and traffic law, as amended by section 8 of chapter 45 222 of the laws of 2015, is amended to read as follows: 46 (i) If at the time of application for a registration or renewal there- 47 of there is a certification from a court, parking violations bureau, 48 traffic and parking violations agency or administrative tribunal of 49 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 50 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 51 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 52 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a 53 total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, 54 issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such 55 motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- 56 cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent withoutA. 11246 55 1 being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local 2 authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of 3 any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or 4 (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred 5 eleven-a, section eleven hundred eleven-b or section eleven hundred 6 eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 7 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was 8 liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- 9 ter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such 10 section, or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 11 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 12 (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or (v) the 13 registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c 14 of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (c) or (d) of section 15 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable 16 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 17 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 18 chapter, or (vii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 19 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 20 (c) or (d) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, the commis- 21 sioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal appli- 22 cation until the applicant provides proof from the court, traffic and 23 parking violations agency or administrative tribunal wherein the charges 24 are pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of 25 an administrative tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules 26 and regulations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. 27 Where an application is denied pursuant to this section, the commission- 28 er may, in his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal appli- 29 cation to any other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registra- 30 tion or renewal application for any other motor vehicle registered in 31 the name of the applicant where the commissioner has determined that 32 such registrant's intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivi- 33 sion and where the commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that 34 such registration or renewal will have the effect of defeating the 35 purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall only remain in effect as 36 long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in the case of an adminis- 37 trative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply with the rules and 38 regulations following entry of a final decision. 39 § 22-a. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 40 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-a of chapter 222 of the laws of 41 2015, is amended to read as follows: 42 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 43 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 44 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 45 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 46 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 47 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to a 48 total of three or more summonses or other process in the aggregate, 49 issued within an eighteen month period, charging either that: (i) such 50 motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or that such motor vehi- 51 cle was operated for hire by the registrant or his or her agent without 52 being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appropriate local 53 authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this chapter or of 54 any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local authority; or 55 (ii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred 56 eleven-b of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of sectionA. 11246 56 1 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iii) the registrant was 2 liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chap- 3 ter for a violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such 4 section; or (iv) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 5 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 6 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter or (v) the regis- 7 trant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of 8 this chapter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of 9 section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was 10 liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chap- 11 ter for a violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section 12 eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (vi) the registrant was liable 13 in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 14 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 15 chapter; or (vii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 16 eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 17 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 18 ter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registration or 19 renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the court or 20 administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appear- 21 ance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribu- 22 nal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of said 23 tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application is 24 denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her 25 discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other 26 person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 27 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 28 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 29 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 30 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 31 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 32 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 33 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 34 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 35 entry of a final decision. 36 § 22-b. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 37 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-b of chapter 222 of the laws of 38 2015, is amended to read as follows: 39 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 40 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 41 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 42 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 43 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 44 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 45 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 46 month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped 47 or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the 48 registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle 49 for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the 50 provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation 51 made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord- 52 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-c of this chapter for a 53 violation of a bus lane restriction as defined in such section; or (iii) 54 the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred 55 eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section 56 eleven hundred eleven of this chapter; or (iv) the registrant was liableA. 11246 57 1 in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for a 2 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 3 hundred eighty of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- 4 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for a 5 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 6 hundred eighty of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- 7 ance with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for a 8 violation of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven 9 hundred eighty of this chapter; or (v) the registrant was liable in 10 accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 11 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 12 chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra- 13 tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the 14 court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an 15 appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative 16 tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of 17 said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application 18 is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her 19 discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other 20 person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 21 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 22 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 23 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 24 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 25 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 26 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 27 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 28 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 29 entry of a final decision. 30 § 22-c. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 31 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-c of chapter 222 of the laws of 32 2015, is amended to read as follows: 33 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 34 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 35 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 36 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 37 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 38 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 39 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 40 month period, charging that: (i) such motor vehicle was parked, stopped 41 or standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the 42 registrant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle 43 for hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the 44 provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation 45 made by a local authority; or (ii) the registrant was liable in accord- 46 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a 47 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 48 chapter; or (iii) the registrant was liable in accordance with section 49 eleven hundred eighty-b of this chapter for violations of subdivision 50 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 51 ter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven 52 hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), 53 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or the 54 registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eighty-d 55 of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) 56 of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter; or (iv) the registrantA. 11246 58 1 was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 2 chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 3 eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny 4 the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides 5 proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are 6 pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an 7 administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regu- 8 lations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an 9 application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in 10 his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any 11 other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 12 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 13 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 14 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 15 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 16 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 17 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 18 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 19 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 20 entry of a final decision. 21 § 22-d. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 22 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-d of chapter 222 of the laws of 23 2015, is amended to read as follows: 24 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 25 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 26 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 27 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 28 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 29 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 30 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 31 month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or 32 standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- 33 trant or his agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by 34 the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions 35 of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a 36 local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section 37 eleven hundred eighty-c of this chapter for violations of subdivision 38 (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chap- 39 ter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven 40 hundred eighty-d of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), (c), 41 (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, or the 42 registrant was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-d 43 of this chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven 44 hundred eleven of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accord- 45 ance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a 46 violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this 47 chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny the registra- 48 tion or renewal application until the applicant provides proof from the 49 court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an 50 appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an administrative 51 tribunal that he or she has complied with the rules and regulations of 52 said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an application 53 is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in his or her 54 discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any other 55 person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 56 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of theA. 11246 59 1 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 2 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 3 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 4 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 5 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 6 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 7 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 8 entry of a final decision. 9 § 22-e. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 10 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-e of chapter 222 of the laws of 11 2015, is amended to read as follows: 12 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 13 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 14 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 15 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned 16 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 17 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 18 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 19 month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or 20 standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- 21 trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for 22 hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the 23 provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation 24 made by a local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance 25 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for violations of 26 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 27 of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section 28 eleven hundred eleven-d of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 29 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, or the registrant 30 was liable in accordance with section eleven hundred eleven-e of this 31 chapter for a violation of subdivision (d) of section eleven hundred 32 eleven of this chapter, the commissioner or his or her agent shall deny 33 the registration or renewal application until the applicant provides 34 proof from the court or administrative tribunal wherein the charges are 35 pending that an appearance or answer has been made or in the case of an 36 administrative tribunal that he has complied with the rules and regu- 37 lations of said tribunal following entry of a final decision. Where an 38 application is denied pursuant to this section, the commissioner may, in 39 his or her discretion, deny a registration or renewal application to any 40 other person for the same vehicle and may deny a registration or renewal 41 application for any other motor vehicle registered in the name of the 42 applicant where the commissioner has determined that such registrant's 43 intent has been to evade the purposes of this subdivision and where the 44 commissioner has reasonable grounds to believe that such registration or 45 renewal will have the effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivi- 46 sion. Such denial shall only remain in effect as long as the summonses 47 remain unanswered, or in the case of an administrative tribunal, the 48 registrant fails to comply with the rules and regulations following 49 entry of a final decision. 50 § 22-f. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 51 and traffic law, as amended by section 8-f of chapter 222 of the laws of 52 2015, is amended to read as follows: 53 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 54 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 55 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his or her represen- 56 tative failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjournedA. 11246 60 1 date or failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an adminis- 2 trative tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to 3 three or more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen 4 month period, charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or 5 standing, or that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the regis- 6 trant or his or her agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for 7 hire by the appropriate local authority, in violation of any of the 8 provisions of this chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation 9 made by a local authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance 10 with section eleven hundred eighty-d of this chapter for violations of 11 subdivision (b), (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty 12 of this chapter, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section 13 eleven hundred eleven-e of this chapter for a violation of subdivision 14 (d) of section eleven hundred eleven of this chapter, the commissioner 15 or his or her agent shall deny the registration or renewal application 16 until the applicant provides proof from the court or administrative 17 tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or answer 18 has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that he has 19 complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal following entry 20 of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant to this 21 section, the commissioner may, in his or her discretion, deny a regis- 22 tration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle 23 and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor 24 vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner 25 has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the 26 purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable 27 grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the 28 effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall 29 only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in 30 the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply 31 with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. 32 § 22-g. Paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle 33 and traffic law, as separately amended by chapters 339 and 592 of the 34 laws of 1987, is amended to read as follows: 35 a. If at the time of application for a registration or renewal thereof 36 there is a certification from a court or administrative tribunal of 37 appropriate jurisdiction that the registrant or his representative 38 failed to appear on the return date or any subsequent adjourned date or 39 failed to comply with the rules and regulations of an administrative 40 tribunal following entry of a final decision in response to three or 41 more summonses or other process, issued within an eighteen month period, 42 charging that such motor vehicle was parked, stopped or standing, or 43 that such motor vehicle was operated for hire by the registrant or his 44 agent without being licensed as a motor vehicle for hire by the appro- 45 priate local authority, in violation of any of the provisions of this 46 chapter or of any law, ordinance, rule or regulation made by a local 47 authority, or the registrant was liable in accordance with section elev- 48 en hundred eighty-d of this chapter for violations of subdivision (b), 49 (c), (d), (f) or (g) of section eleven hundred eighty of this chapter, 50 the commissioner or his agent shall deny the registration or renewal 51 application until the applicant provides proof from the court or admin- 52 istrative tribunal wherein the charges are pending that an appearance or 53 answer has been made or in the case of an administrative tribunal that 54 he has complied with the rules and regulations of said tribunal follow- 55 ing entry of a final decision. Where an application is denied pursuant 56 to this section, the commissioner may, in his discretion, deny a regis-A. 11246 61 1 tration or renewal application to any other person for the same vehicle 2 and may deny a registration or renewal application for any other motor 3 vehicle registered in the name of the applicant where the commissioner 4 has determined that such registrant's intent has been to evade the 5 purposes of this subdivision and where the commissioner has reasonable 6 grounds to believe that such registration or renewal will have the 7 effect of defeating the purposes of this subdivision. Such denial shall 8 only remain in effect as long as the summonses remain unanswered, or in 9 the case of an administrative tribunal, the registrant fails to comply 10 with the rules and regulations following entry of a final decision. 11 § 23. Subdivision 2 of section 87 of the public officers law is 12 amended by adding a new paragraph (p) to read as follows: 13 (p) are photographs, microphotographs, videotape or other recorded 14 images prepared under the authority of section eleven hundred eighty-d 15 of the vehicle and traffic law. 16 § 24. The purchase or lease of equipment for a demonstration program 17 pursuant to section 1180-d of the vehicle and traffic law shall be 18 subject to the provisions of section 103 of the general municipal law. 19 § 25. This act shall take effect immediately; provided that sections 20 one through four of this act shall expire and be deemed repealed 4 years 21 after such effective date when upon such date the provisions of sections 22 one through four of this act shall be deemed repealed; and provided 23 further that the amendments to section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic 24 law made by sections five, six, seven and eight of this act shall not 25 affect the repeal of such section and shall be deemed repealed there- 26 with; and provided further that the amendments to paragraph 2 of subdi- 27 vision (a) of section 1180-b of the vehicle and traffic law made by 28 section six of this act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after 29 this act shall have become a law; and provided further that sections 30 twelve through twenty-four of this act shall take effect on the thirti- 31 eth day after it shall have become a law and shall expire 4 years after 32 such effective date when upon such date the provisions of sections 33 twelve through twenty-four of this act shall be deemed repealed; and 34 provided further that any rules necessary for the implementation of this 35 act on its effective date shall be promulgated on or before such effec- 36 tive date, provided that: 37 (a) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 235 of the vehicle and 38 traffic law made by section twelve of this act shall not affect the 39 expiration of such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when 40 upon such date the provisions of section twelve-a of this act shall take 41 effect; 42 (a-1) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 43 made by section twelve-a of this act shall not affect the expiration of 44 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 45 date the provisions of section twelve-b of this act shall take effect; 46 (a-2) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 47 made by section twelve-b of this act shall not affect the expiration of 48 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 49 date the provisions of section twelve-c of this act shall take effect; 50 (a-3) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 51 made by section twelve-c of this act shall not affect the expiration of 52 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 53 date the provisions of section twelve-d of this act shall take effect; 54 (a-4) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 55 made by section twelve-d of this act shall not affect the expiration ofA. 11246 62 1 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 2 date the provisions of section twelve-e of this act shall take effect; 3 (a-5) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 4 made by section twelve-e of this act shall not affect the expiration of 5 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 6 date the provisions of section twelve-f of this act shall take effect; 7 (a-6) the amendments to section 235 of the vehicle and traffic law 8 made by section twelve-f of this act shall not affect the expiration of 9 such section and shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such 10 date the provisions of section twelve-g of this act shall take effect; 11 (b) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle and 12 traffic law made by section thirteen of this act shall not affect the 13 expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, 14 when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-a of this act 15 shall take effect; 16 (b-1) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 17 and traffic law made by section thirteen-a of this act shall not affect 18 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 19 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-b of this 20 act shall take effect; 21 (b-2) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 22 and traffic law made by section thirteen-b of this act shall not affect 23 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 24 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-c of this 25 act shall take effect; 26 (b-3) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 27 and traffic law made by section thirteen-c of this act shall not affect 28 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 29 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-d of this 30 act shall take effect; 31 (b-4) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 32 and traffic law made by section thirteen-d of this act shall not affect 33 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 34 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-e of this 35 act shall take effect; 36 (b-5) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 236 of the vehicle 37 and traffic law made by section thirteen-e of this act shall not affect 38 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 39 with, when upon such date the provisions of section thirteen-f of this 40 act shall take effect; 41 (c) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 42 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen of this act shall 43 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 44 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 45 fifteen-a of this act shall take effect; 46 (c-1) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 47 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-a of this act shall 48 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 49 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 50 fifteen-b of this act shall take effect; 51 (c-2) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 52 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-b of this act shall 53 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 54 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 55 fifteen-c of this act shall take effect;A. 11246 63 1 (c-3) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 2 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-c of this act shall 3 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 4 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 5 fifteen-d of this act shall take effect; 6 (c-4) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 7 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-d of this act shall 8 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 9 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 10 fifteen-e of this act shall take effect; 11 (c-5) the amendments to paragraph f of subdivision 1 of section 239 of 12 the vehicle and traffic law made by section fifteen-e of this act shall 13 not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 14 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 15 fifteen-f of this act shall take effect; 16 (d) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 17 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen of this act shall not 18 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 19 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-a of 20 this act shall take effect; 21 (d-1) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 22 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-a of this act shall not 23 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 24 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-b of 25 this act shall take effect; 26 (d-2) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 27 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-b of this act shall not 28 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 29 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-c of 30 this act shall take effect; 31 (d-3) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 32 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-c of this act shall not 33 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 34 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-d of 35 this act shall take effect; 36 (d-4) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 37 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-d of this act shall not 38 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 39 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-e of 40 this act shall take effect; 41 (d-5) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 1-a of section 240 of the 42 vehicle and traffic law made by section sixteen-e of this act shall not 43 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 44 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section sixteen-f of 45 this act shall take effect; 46 (e) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 47 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen of this act 48 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be deemed 49 to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section 50 seventeen-a of this act shall take effect; 51 (e-1) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 52 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-a of this 53 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 54 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 55 section seventeen-b of this act shall take effect;A. 11246 64 1 (e-2) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 2 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-b of this 3 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 4 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 5 section seventeen-c of this act shall take effect; 6 (e-3) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 7 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-c of this 8 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 9 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 10 section seventeen-d of this act shall take effect; 11 (e-4) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 12 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-d of this 13 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 14 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 15 section seventeen-e of this act shall take effect; 16 (e-5) the amendments to paragraphs a and g of subdivision 2 of section 17 240 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section seventeen-e of this 18 act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraphs and shall be 19 deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of 20 section seventeen-f of this act shall take effect; 21 (f) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the vehi- 22 cle and traffic law made by section eighteen of this act shall not 23 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 24 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-a of 25 this act shall take effect; 26 (f-1) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 27 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-a of this act shall not 28 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 29 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-b of 30 this act shall take effect; 31 (f-2) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 32 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-b of this act shall not 33 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 34 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-c of 35 this act shall take effect; 36 (f-3) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 37 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-c of this act shall not 38 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 39 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-d of 40 this act shall take effect; 41 (f-4) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 42 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-d of this act shall not 43 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 44 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-e of 45 this act shall take effect; 46 (f-5) the amendments to subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 241 of the 47 vehicle and traffic law made by section eighteen-e of this act shall not 48 affect the expiration of such subdivisions and shall be deemed to expire 49 therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section eighteen-f of 50 this act shall take effect; 51 (g) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle and 52 traffic law made by section twenty of this act shall not affect the 53 expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire therewith, 54 when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-a of this act shall 55 take effect;A. 11246 65 1 (g-1) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 2 and traffic law made by section twenty-a of this act shall not affect 3 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 4 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-b of this act 5 shall take effect; 6 (g-2) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 7 and traffic law made by section twenty-b of this act shall not affect 8 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 9 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-c of this act 10 shall take effect; 11 (g-3) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 12 and traffic law made by section twenty-c of this act shall not affect 13 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 14 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-d of this act 15 shall take effect; 16 (g-4) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 17 and traffic law made by section twenty-d of this act shall not affect 18 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 19 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-e of this act 20 shall take effect; 21 (g-5) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 22 and traffic law made by section twenty-e of this act shall not affect 23 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 24 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-f of this act 25 shall take effect; 26 (g-6) the amendments to subdivision 1 of section 1809 of the vehicle 27 and traffic law made by section twenty-f of this act shall not affect 28 the expiration of such subdivision and shall be deemed to expire there- 29 with, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty-g of this act 30 shall take effect; 31 (h) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 32 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one of this act 33 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 34 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 35 one-a of this act shall take effect; 36 (h-1) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 37 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-a of this act 38 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 39 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 40 one-b of this act shall take effect; 41 (h-2) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 42 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-b of this act 43 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 44 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 45 one-c of this act shall take effect; 46 (h-3) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 47 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-c of this act 48 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 49 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 50 one-d of this act shall take effect; 51 (h-4) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 52 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-d of this act 53 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 54 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 55 one-e of this act shall take effect;A. 11246 66 1 (h-5) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 1 of section 1809-e 2 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-one-e of this act 3 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 4 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 5 one-f of this act shall take effect; 6 (i) the amendments to subparagraph (i) of paragraph a of subdivision 7 5-a of section 401 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twen- 8 ty-two of this act shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and 9 shall be deemed to expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions 10 of section twenty-two-a of this act shall take effect; 11 (i-1) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 12 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-a of this act 13 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 14 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 15 two-b of this act shall take effect; 16 (i-2) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 17 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-b of this act 18 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 19 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 20 two-c of this act shall take effect; 21 (i-3) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 22 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-c of this act 23 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 24 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 25 two-d of this act shall take effect; 26 (i-4) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 27 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-d of this act 28 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 29 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 30 two-e of this act shall take effect; 31 (i-5) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 32 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-e of this act 33 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 34 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 35 two-f of this act shall take effect; and 36 (i-6) the amendments to paragraph a of subdivision 5-a of section 401 37 of the vehicle and traffic law made by section twenty-two-f of this act 38 shall not affect the expiration of such paragraph and shall be deemed to 39 expire therewith, when upon such date the provisions of section twenty- 40 two-g of this act shall take effect. 41 PART C 42 Section 1. Subdivisions 1 and 2 of section 3656 of the public authori- 43 ties law, as amended by chapter 685 of the laws of 2003, are amended to 44 read as follows: 45 1. The authority shall have the power and is hereby authorized from 46 time to time to issue bonds in such principal amounts as it may deter- 47 mine to be necessary pursuant to section thirty-six hundred fifty-five 48 of this title to pay any financeable costs and to fund reserves to 49 secure such bonds, including incidental expenses in connection there- 50 with. Provided, however, the aggregate principal amounts of such bonds 51 issued to pay the financeable costs described in paragraph (a) of subdi- 52 vision twelve of section thirty-six hundred fifty-one of this title 53 shall not exceed four hundred fifteen million dollars, excluding bonds, 54 notes, or other obligations issued to refund or otherwise repay bonds,A. 11246 67 1 notes, or other obligations theretofore issued for such purposes. 2 Notwithstanding the foregoing limit on the amount of bonds that the 3 authority may issue to pay the financeable costs described in paragraph 4 (a) of subdivision twelve of section thirty-six hundred fifty-one of 5 this title, the authority shall have the power to issue up to an addi- 6 tional seven hundred ninety million dollars of bonds, excluding bonds, 7 notes, or other obligations issued to refund or otherwise repay bonds, 8 notes, or other obligations theretofore issued for such purpose, to pay 9 such costs if the county's indebtedness to be refunded, repaid or 10 restructured with the payment of such bonds was originally incurred by 11 the county to pay tax certiorari settlements or assignments of any kind 12 to which the county is a party. Provided further, the aggregate princi- 13 pal amounts of such bonds issued to pay the financeable costs described 14 in paragraph (c) of subdivision twelve of section thirty-six hundred 15 fifty-one of this title, which resulted from certiorari proceedings 16 commenced prior to June first, two thousand, shall not exceed four 17 hundred million dollars, excluding bonds, notes, or other obligations 18 issued to refund or otherwise repay bonds, notes, or other obligations 19 theretofore issued for such purposes. And, provided further, the aggre- 20 gate principal amounts of such bonds issued to pay the financeable coun- 21 ty costs described in paragraph (c) of subdivision twelve of section 22 thirty-six hundred fifty-one of this title, which resulted from certior- 23 ari proceedings commenced on or after June first, two thousand, shall 24 not exceed [four] eight hundred million dollars in the aggregate [for25the fiscal years two thousand through two thousand seven, however, of26said four hundred million dollars only fifteen million dollars may be27issued in the fiscal year two thousand six and ten million dollars may28be issued in the fiscal year two thousand seven], excluding bonds, 29 notes, or other obligations issued to refund or otherwise repay bonds, 30 notes, or other obligations theretofore issued for such purposes. Effec- 31 tive in the year two thousand six, upon request of the county, the 32 authority shall issue, in the amount requested, bonds to pay tax 33 certiorari settlements or judgments of any kind to which the county is a 34 party, not to exceed fifteen million dollars; and effective in the year 35 two thousand seven, upon request of the county, the authority shall 36 issue, in the amount requested, bonds to pay tax certiorari settlements 37 or judgments of any kind to which the county is a party, not to exceed 38 ten million dollars. Whenever this title establishes a limit on the 39 principal amount of bonds that the authority is authorized to issue, 40 there shall not be counted against such limit (i) amounts determined by 41 the authority as reasonable to be used to pay the cost of issuing such 42 bonds, (ii) the amount of bonds that would constitute interest under the 43 Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and (iii) amounts determined 44 by the authority as necessary to establish any reserves. 45 The authority shall have the power from time to time to refund any 46 bonds of the authority by the issuance of new bonds, whether the bonds 47 to be refunded have or have not matured, and may issue bonds partly to 48 refund bonds of the authority then outstanding and partly to pay the 49 financeable costs pursuant to section thirty-six hundred fifty-five of 50 this title. Bonds issued by the authority shall be payable solely out of 51 particular revenues or other moneys of the authority as may be desig- 52 nated in the proceedings of the authority under which the bonds shall be 53 authorized to be issued, subject to any agreements entered into between 54 the authority and the county, and subject to any agreements with the 55 holders of outstanding bonds pledging any particular revenues or moneys;A. 11246 68 1 but in no event shall transitional state aid be pledged as security for 2 or be made available for the payment of bonds. 3 2. The authority is authorized to issue its bonds for a period ending 4 not later than December thirty-first, two thousand [seven] twenty-one. 5 The authority may issue bonds to refund bonds previously issued without 6 regard to the limitation in the first sentence of this subdivision, but 7 in no event shall any bonds of the authority finally mature later than 8 January thirty-first, two thousand [thirty-six] forty-one. Notwith- 9 standing any other provision of law, no bond of the authority shall 10 mature more than thirty years from the date of its issue. 11 PART D 12 Section 1. Section 6-41.0 of chapter 272 of the laws of 1939, consti- 13 tuting the Nassau county administrative code is renumbered 6-42.1 and a 14 new subdivision g is added to read as follows: 15 g. This section shall apply only to real property taxes and other 16 amounts levied on the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 tax rolls, and the charges 17 collected in connection with such tax rolls shall be accounted for sepa- 18 rately from amounts collected on subsequent tax rolls. 19 § 2. Chapter 272 of the laws of 1939, constituting the Nassau county 20 administrative code is amended by adding a new section 6-42.2 to read as 21 follows: 22 § 6-42.2 Disputed assessment fund. Notwithstanding the provisions of 23 section eighteen hundred three-b of the real property tax law or any 24 other law to the contrary except as expressly provided herein: 25 a. The county of Nassau shall levy charges annually on class four real 26 property as defined in section eighteen hundred two of the real property 27 tax law to fund the payment of refunds, cancellations and credits of 28 property taxes and other levies on properties within such class in the 29 ensuing fiscal year in the manner provided in this section. 30 b. Such charges shall be calculated, levied, collected and adminis- 31 tered in the same manner as Nassau county real property taxes, except as 32 otherwise provided in this section. 33 c. The amount of such levy shall be not more than ten percent of class 34 four levies on the county tax roll for county, town, special district 35 and school district property taxes and other levies. 36 d. Such levies shall appear as a separate item on the annual county 37 tax bill submitted to property owners by each receiver of taxes. The 38 amounts from such levies shall be placed in a separate fund hereby 39 established as the disputed assessment fund which shall be maintained 40 and administered by the Nassau county treasurer; provided, however, that 41 nothing herein shall prevent the county from paying into the disputed 42 assessment fund monies from other funds or sources for the purposes 43 specified in this section. The monies collected in such fund shall be 44 used solely for the purposes specified in this section and shall not be 45 deemed county revenues. 46 e. Refunds, cancellations and credits of real property taxes and other 47 levies on class four real property resulting from a settlement or final 48 order from a court of competent jurisdiction or a determination or stip- 49 ulation by the assessment review commission shall be paid from the 50 disputed assessment fund; provided, however, monies paid from such fund 51 shall not be deemed county expenditures. Nothing herein shall prevent 52 the county from funding the costs of any refunds, cancellations and 53 credits of real property taxes and other levies from other funds or 54 sources.A. 11246 69 1 f. The provisions of this section shall not affect the application of 2 title three of article five of the real property tax law or any other 3 provision of law except as expressly provided in this section. 4 g. This section shall not apply to real property taxes and other 5 amounts levied on the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 tax rolls, and the charges 6 collected in connection with such tax rolls shall be accounted for sepa- 7 rately from amounts collected on subsequent tax rolls. 8 § 3. Severability. If any provision of this act or if any application 9 thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the remainder of 10 this act and the application of the provision to other persons and 11 circumstances shall not be affected thereby. 12 § 4. This act shall take effect immediately. 13 § 2. Severability. If any provision of this act or if any application 14 thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of 15 this act and the application of the provision to other persons and 16 circumstances shall not be affected thereby. 17 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately. 18 § 2. Severability clause. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivi- 19 sion, section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of 20 competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect, 21 impair, or invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in 22 its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section 23 or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judg- 24 ment shall have been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of 25 the legislature that this act would have been enacted even if such 26 invalid provisions had not been included herein. 27 § 3. This act shall take effect immediately provided, however, that 28 the applicable effective date of Parts A through D of this act shall be 29 as specifically set forth in the last section of such Parts.
