Bill Text: CA AB890 | 2019-2020 | Regular Session | Amended

NOTE: There are more recent revisions of this legislation. Read Latest Draft

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Bill Title: Nurse practitioners: scope of practice: practice without standardized procedures.

Spectrum: Strong Partisan Bill (Democrat 21-2)

Status: (Passed) 2020-09-29 - Chaptered by Secretary of State - Chapter 265, Statutes of 2020. [AB890 Detail]

Download: California-2019-AB890-Amended.html

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Amended  IN  Assembly  April 22, 2019

Amended  IN  Assembly  April 03, 2019

CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE— 2019–2020 REGULAR SESSION

Assembly Bill

No. 890

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Introduced by Assembly Member Wood
(Coauthors: Assembly Members Aguiar-Curry, Eggman, Friedman, Gallagher, and Gipson)
(Coauthors: Senators Caballero, Hill, Leyva, and Stone)

February 20, 2019

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An act to amend Sections 650.01 and 805 of, and to add Sections 2837.1 and 2837.2 to, Article 8.5 (commencing with Section 2837.100) to Chapter 6 of Division 2 of, the Business and Professions Code, relating to healing arts.

LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST

AB 890, as amended, Wood. Nurse practitioners: scope of practice: unsupervised practice.

Existing law, the Nursing Practice Act, provides for the certification and regulation of nurse practitioners by the Board of Registered Nursing. Existing law authorizes the implementation of standardized procedures that authorize a nurse practitioner to perform certain acts that are in addition to other authorized practices, including certifying disability after performing a physical examination and collaboration with a physician and surgeon. A violation of the act is a misdemeanor.

This bill would establish the Advanced Practice Registered Nursing Board within the Department of Consumer Affairs, which would consist of 9 members. The bill would authorize a nurse practitioner who holds a certification as a nurse practitioner from a national certifying body recognized by the board who practices in certain settings or organizations to perform specified functions without supervision by a physician and surgeon, including ordering and interpreting diagnostic procedures, certifying disability, and prescribing, administering, dispensing, and administering controlled substances.

The bill would also authorize a nurse practitioner who holds a an active certification as a nurse practitioner from a national certifying body recognized issued by the board to practice without supervision by a physician and surgeon outside of specified settings or organizations in accordance with specified conditions and requirements if the nurse practitioner has successfully completed meets specified education and other requirements, including completion of a transition to practice program, practice, as defined by the bill, and a supervising physician and surgeon at the facility at which the nurse practitioner completed the transition to practice program attests to the board that the nurse practitioner is proficient in competencies established by the board by regulation. bill. The bill would authorize the board, upon application, to issue an inactive certificate.

Existing law makes it unlawful for specified healing arts practitioners, including physicians and surgeons, psychologists, and acupuncturists, to refer a person for certain services, including laboratory, diagnostic nuclear medicine, and physical therapy, if the physician and surgeon or their immediate family has a financial interest with the person or in the entity that receives the referral. A violation of those provisions is a misdemeanor and subject to specified civil penalties and disciplinary action.

This bill would make those provisions applicable to a nurse practitioner practicing pursuant to the bill’s provisions.

Existing law provides for the professional review of specified healing arts licentiates through a peer review process and defines “licentiate” for those purposes.

This bill would include as a licentiate a nurse practitioner practicing pursuant to the bill’s provisions.

Because the bill would expand the scope of crimes, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.

Digest Key

Vote: MAJORITY   Appropriation: NO   Fiscal Committee: YES   Local Program: YES  

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Bill Text

The people of the State of California do enact as follows:

SECTION 1.

 Section 650.01 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:

650.01.

 (a) Notwithstanding Section 650, or any other provision of law, it is unlawful for a licensee to refer a person for laboratory, diagnostic nuclear medicine, radiation oncology, physical therapy, physical rehabilitation, psychometric testing, home infusion therapy, or diagnostic imaging goods or services if the licensee or their immediate family has a financial interest with the person or in the entity that receives the referral.

(b) For purposes of this section and Section 650.02, the following shall apply:

(1) “Diagnostic imaging” includes, but is not limited to, all X-ray, computed axial tomography, magnetic resonance imaging nuclear medicine, positron emission tomography, mammography, and ultrasound goods and services.

(2) A “financial interest” includes, but is not limited to, any type of ownership interest, debt, loan, lease, compensation, remuneration, discount, rebate, refund, dividend, distribution, subsidy, or other form of direct or indirect payment, whether in money or otherwise, between a licensee and a person or entity to whom the licensee refers a person for a good or service specified in subdivision (a). A financial interest also exists if there is an indirect financial relationship between a licensee and the referral recipient including, but not limited to, an arrangement whereby a licensee has an ownership interest in an entity that leases property to the referral recipient. Any financial interest transferred by a licensee to any person or entity or otherwise established in any person or entity for the purpose of avoiding the prohibition of this section shall be deemed a financial interest of the licensee. For purposes of this paragraph, “direct or indirect payment” shall not include a royalty or consulting fee received by a physician and surgeon who has completed a recognized residency training program in orthopedics from a manufacturer or distributor as a result of their research and development of medical devices and techniques for that manufacturer or distributor. For purposes of this paragraph, “consulting fees” means those fees paid by the manufacturer or distributor to a physician and surgeon who has completed a recognized residency training program in orthopedics only for their ongoing services in making refinements to their medical devices or techniques marketed or distributed by the manufacturer or distributor, if the manufacturer or distributor does not own or control the facility to which the physician is referring the patient. A “financial interest” shall not include the receipt of capitation payments or other fixed amounts that are prepaid in exchange for a promise of a licensee to provide specified health care services to specified beneficiaries. A “financial interest” shall not include the receipt of remuneration by a medical director of a hospice, as defined in Section 1746 of the Health and Safety Code, for specified services if the arrangement is set out in writing, and specifies all services to be provided by the medical director, the term of the arrangement is for at least one year, and the compensation to be paid over the term of the arrangement is set in advance, does not exceed fair market value, and is not determined in a manner that takes into account the volume or value of any referrals or other business generated between parties.

(3) For the purposes of this section, “immediate family” includes the spouse and children of the licensee, the parents of the licensee, and the spouses of the children of the licensee.

(4) “Licensee” means a physician, as defined in Section 3209.3 of the Labor Code, or a nurse practitioner practicing pursuant to Section 2837.1 or 2837.2. 2837.104 or 2837.105.

(5) “Licensee’s office” means either of the following:

(A) An office of a licensee in solo practice.

(B) An office in which services or goods are personally provided by the licensee or by employees in that office, or personally by independent contractors in that office, in accordance with other provisions of law. Employees and independent contractors shall be licensed or certified when licensure or certification is required by law.

(6) “Office of a group practice” means an office or offices in which two or more licensees are legally organized as a partnership, professional corporation, or not-for-profit corporation, licensed pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 1204 of the Health and Safety Code, for which all of the following apply:

(A) Each licensee who is a member of the group provides substantially the full range of services that the licensee routinely provides, including medical care, consultation, diagnosis, or treatment through the joint use of shared office space, facilities, equipment, and personnel.

(B) Substantially all of the services of the licensees who are members of the group are provided through the group and are billed in the name of the group and amounts so received are treated as receipts of the group, except in the case of a multispecialty clinic, as defined in subdivision (l) of Section 1206 of the Health and Safety Code, physician services are billed in the name of the multispecialty clinic and amounts so received are treated as receipts of the multispecialty clinic.

(C) The overhead expenses of, and the income from, the practice are distributed in accordance with methods previously determined by members of the group.

(c) It is unlawful for a licensee to enter into an arrangement or scheme, such as a cross-referral arrangement, that the licensee knows, or should know, has a principal purpose of ensuring referrals by the licensee to a particular entity that, if the licensee directly made referrals to that entity, would be in violation of this section.

(d) No claim for payment shall be presented by an entity to any individual, third party payer, or other entity for a good or service furnished pursuant to a referral prohibited under this section.

(e) No insurer, self-insurer, or other payer shall pay a charge or lien for any good or service resulting from a referral in violation of this section.

(f) A licensee who refers a person to, or seeks consultation from, an organization in which the licensee has a financial interest, other than as prohibited by subdivision (a), shall disclose the financial interest to the patient, or the parent or legal guardian of the patient, in writing, at the time of the referral or request for consultation.

(1) If a referral, billing, or other solicitation is between one or more licensees who contract with a multispecialty clinic pursuant to subdivision (l) of Section 1206 of the Health and Safety Code or who conduct their practice as members of the same professional corporation or partnership, and the services are rendered on the same physical premises, or under the same professional corporation or partnership name, the requirements of this subdivision may be met by posting a conspicuous disclosure statement at the registration area or by providing a patient with a written disclosure statement.

(2) If a licensee is under contract with the Department of Corrections or the California Youth Authority, and the patient is an inmate or parolee of either respective department, the requirements of this subdivision shall be satisfied by disclosing financial interests to either the Department of Corrections or the California Youth Authority.

(g) A violation of subdivision (a) shall be a misdemeanor. The Medical Board of California shall review the facts and circumstances of any conviction pursuant to subdivision (a) and take appropriate disciplinary action if the licensee has committed unprofessional conduct. Violations of this section may also be subject to civil penalties of up to five thousand dollars ($5,000) for each offense, which may be enforced by the Insurance Commissioner, Attorney General, or a district attorney. A violation of subdivision (c), (d), or (e) is a public offense and is punishable upon conviction by a fine not exceeding fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) for each violation and appropriate disciplinary action, including revocation of professional licensure, by the Medical Board of California or other appropriate governmental agency.

(h) This section shall not apply to referrals for services that are described in and covered by Sections 139.3 and 139.31 of the Labor Code.

(i) This section shall become operative on January 1, 1995.

SEC. 2.

 Section 805 of the Business and Professions Code is amended to read:

805.

 (a) As used in this section, the following terms have the following definitions:

(1) (A) “Peer review” means both of the following:

(i) A process in which a peer review body reviews the basic qualifications, staff privileges, employment, medical outcomes, or professional conduct of licentiates to make recommendations for quality improvement and education, if necessary, in order to do either or both of the following:

(I) Determine whether a licentiate may practice or continue to practice in a health care facility, clinic, or other setting providing medical services, and, if so, to determine the parameters of that practice.

(II) Assess and improve the quality of care rendered in a health care facility, clinic, or other setting providing medical services.

(ii) Any other activities of a peer review body as specified in subparagraph (B).

(B) “Peer review body” includes:

(i) A medical or professional staff of any health care facility or clinic licensed under Division 2 (commencing with Section 1200) of the Health and Safety Code or of a facility certified to participate in the federal Medicare program as an ambulatory surgical center.

(ii) A health care service plan licensed under Chapter 2.2 (commencing with Section 1340) of Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code or a disability insurer that contracts with licentiates to provide services at alternative rates of payment pursuant to Section 10133 of the Insurance Code.

(iii) Any medical, psychological, marriage and family therapy, social work, professional clinical counselor, dental, midwifery, or podiatric professional society having as members at least 25 percent of the eligible licentiates in the area in which it functions (which must include at least one county), which is not organized for profit and which has been determined to be exempt from taxes pursuant to Section 23701 of the Revenue and Taxation Code.

(iv) A committee organized by any entity consisting of or employing more than 25 licentiates of the same class that functions for the purpose of reviewing the quality of professional care provided by members or employees of that entity.

(2) “Licentiate” means a physician and surgeon, doctor of podiatric medicine, clinical psychologist, marriage and family therapist, clinical social worker, professional clinical counselor, dentist, licensed midwife, physician assistant, or nurse practitioner practicing pursuant to Section 2837.1 or 2837.2. 2837.104 or 2837.105. “Licentiate” also includes a person authorized to practice medicine pursuant to Section 2113 or 2168.

(3) “Agency” means the relevant state licensing agency having regulatory jurisdiction over the licentiates listed in paragraph (2).

(4) “Staff privileges” means any arrangement under which a licentiate is allowed to practice in or provide care for patients in a health facility. Those arrangements shall include, but are not limited to, full staff privileges, active staff privileges, limited staff privileges, auxiliary staff privileges, provisional staff privileges, temporary staff privileges, courtesy staff privileges, locum tenens arrangements, and contractual arrangements to provide professional services, including, but not limited to, arrangements to provide outpatient services.

(5) “Denial or termination of staff privileges, membership, or employment” includes failure or refusal to renew a contract or to renew, extend, or reestablish any staff privileges, if the action is based on medical disciplinary cause or reason.

(6) “Medical disciplinary cause or reason” means that aspect of a licentiate’s competence or professional conduct that is reasonably likely to be detrimental to patient safety or to the delivery of patient care.

(7) “805 report” means the written report required under subdivision (b).

(b) The chief of staff of a medical or professional staff or other chief executive officer, medical director, or administrator of any peer review body and the chief executive officer or administrator of any licensed health care facility or clinic shall file an 805 report with the relevant agency within 15 days after the effective date on which any of the following occur as a result of an action of a peer review body:

(1) A licentiate’s application for staff privileges or membership is denied or rejected for a medical disciplinary cause or reason.

(2) A licentiate’s membership, staff privileges, or employment is terminated or revoked for a medical disciplinary cause or reason.

(3) Restrictions are imposed, or voluntarily accepted, on staff privileges, membership, or employment for a cumulative total of 30 days or more for any 12-month period, for a medical disciplinary cause or reason.

(c) If a licentiate takes any action listed in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) after receiving notice of a pending investigation initiated for a medical disciplinary cause or reason or after receiving notice that their application for membership or staff privileges is denied or will be denied for a medical disciplinary cause or reason, the chief of staff of a medical or professional staff or other chief executive officer, medical director, or administrator of any peer review body and the chief executive officer or administrator of any licensed health care facility or clinic where the licentiate is employed or has staff privileges or membership or where the licentiate applied for staff privileges or membership, or sought the renewal thereof, shall file an 805 report with the relevant agency within 15 days after the licentiate takes the action.

(1) Resigns or takes a leave of absence from membership, staff privileges, or employment.

(2) Withdraws or abandons their application for staff privileges or membership.

(3) Withdraws or abandons their request for renewal of staff privileges or membership.

(d) For purposes of filing an 805 report, the signature of at least one of the individuals indicated in subdivision (b) or (c) on the completed form shall constitute compliance with the requirement to file the report.

(e) An 805 report shall also be filed within 15 days following the imposition of summary suspension of staff privileges, membership, or employment, if the summary suspension remains in effect for a period in excess of 14 days.

(f) A copy of the 805 report, and a notice advising the licentiate of their right to submit additional statements or other information, electronically or otherwise, pursuant to Section 800, shall be sent by the peer review body to the licentiate named in the report. The notice shall also advise the licentiate that information submitted electronically will be publicly disclosed to those who request the information.

The information to be reported in an 805 report shall include the name and license number of the licentiate involved, a description of the facts and circumstances of the medical disciplinary cause or reason, and any other relevant information deemed appropriate by the reporter.

A supplemental report shall also be made within 30 days following the date the licentiate is deemed to have satisfied any terms, conditions, or sanctions imposed as disciplinary action by the reporting peer review body. In performing its dissemination functions required by Section 805.5, the agency shall include a copy of a supplemental report, if any, whenever it furnishes a copy of the original 805 report.

If another peer review body is required to file an 805 report, a health care service plan is not required to file a separate report with respect to action attributable to the same medical disciplinary cause or reason. If the Medical Board of California or a licensing agency of another state revokes or suspends, without a stay, the license of a physician and surgeon, a peer review body is not required to file an 805 report when it takes an action as a result of the revocation or suspension. If the California Board of Podiatric Medicine or a licensing agency of another state revokes or suspends, without a stay, the license of a doctor of podiatric medicine, a peer review body is not required to file an 805 report when it takes an action as a result of the revocation or suspension.

(g) The reporting required by this section shall not act as a waiver of confidentiality of medical records and committee reports. The information reported or disclosed shall be kept confidential except as provided in subdivision (c) of Section 800 and Sections 803.1 and 2027, provided that a copy of the report containing the information required by this section may be disclosed as required by Section 805.5 with respect to reports received on or after January 1, 1976.

(h) The Medical Board of California, the California Board of Podiatric Medicine, the Osteopathic Medical Board of California, and the Dental Board of California shall disclose reports as required by Section 805.5.

(i) An 805 report shall be maintained electronically by an agency for dissemination purposes for a period of three years after receipt.

(j) No person shall incur any civil or criminal liability as the result of making any report required by this section.

(k) A willful failure to file an 805 report by any person who is designated or otherwise required by law to file an 805 report is punishable by a fine not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) per violation. The fine may be imposed in any civil or administrative action or proceeding brought by or on behalf of any agency having regulatory jurisdiction over the person regarding whom the report was or should have been filed. If the person who is designated or otherwise required to file an 805 report is a licensed physician and surgeon, the action or proceeding shall be brought by the Medical Board of California. If the person who is designated or otherwise required to file an 805 report is a licensed doctor of podiatric medicine, the action or proceeding shall be brought by the California Board of Podiatric Medicine. The fine shall be paid to that agency but not expended until appropriated by the Legislature. A violation of this subdivision may constitute unprofessional conduct by the licentiate. A person who is alleged to have violated this subdivision may assert any defense available at law. As used in this subdivision, “willful” means a voluntary and intentional violation of a known legal duty.

(l) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (k), any failure by the administrator of any peer review body, the chief executive officer or administrator of any health care facility, or any person who is designated or otherwise required by law to file an 805 report, shall be punishable by a fine that under no circumstances shall exceed fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) per violation. The fine may be imposed in any civil or administrative action or proceeding brought by or on behalf of any agency having regulatory jurisdiction over the person regarding whom the report was or should have been filed. If the person who is designated or otherwise required to file an 805 report is a licensed physician and surgeon, the action or proceeding shall be brought by the Medical Board of California. If the person who is designated or otherwise required to file an 805 report is a licensed doctor of podiatric medicine, the action or proceeding shall be brought by the California Board of Podiatric Medicine. The fine shall be paid to that agency but not expended until appropriated by the Legislature. The amount of the fine imposed, not exceeding fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) per violation, shall be proportional to the severity of the failure to report and shall differ based upon written findings, including whether the failure to file caused harm to a patient or created a risk to patient safety; whether the administrator of any peer review body, the chief executive officer or administrator of any health care facility, or any person who is designated or otherwise required by law to file an 805 report exercised due diligence despite the failure to file or whether they knew or should have known that an 805 report would not be filed; and whether there has been a prior failure to file an 805 report. The amount of the fine imposed may also differ based on whether a health care facility is a small or rural hospital as defined in Section 124840 of the Health and Safety Code.

(m) A health care service plan licensed under Chapter 2.2 (commencing with Section 1340) of Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code or a disability insurer that negotiates and enters into a contract with licentiates to provide services at alternative rates of payment pursuant to Section 10133 of the Insurance Code, when determining participation with the plan or insurer, shall evaluate, on a case-by-case basis, licentiates who are the subject of an 805 report, and not automatically exclude or deselect these licentiates.

SEC. 3.Section 2837.1 is added to the Business and Professions Code, to read:

2837.1.

(a)Notwithstanding any other law, a nurse practitioner who holds a certification as a nurse practitioner from a national certifying body recognized by the board may perform the functions specified in subdivision (c) without supervision by a physician and surgeon if the nurse practitioner meets all of the requirements of this article and practices in one of the following settings in which one or more physicians and surgeons are concurrently practicing with the nurse practitioner:

(1)A clinic, as defined in Section 1200 of the Health and Safety Code.

(2)A health facility, as defined in Section 1250 of the Health and Safety Code.

(3)A facility described in Chapter 2.5 (commencing with Section 1440) of Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code.

(4)A medical group practice, including a professional medical corporation, as defined in Section 2406, another form of corporation controlled by physicians and surgeons, a medical partnership, a medical foundation exempt from licensure, or another lawfully organized group of physicians and surgeons that provides health care services.

(b)An entity described in subdivisions (1) to (4), inclusive, of subdivision (a) shall not interfere with, control, or otherwise direct the professional judgment of a nurse practitioner functioning pursuant to this section in a manner prohibited by Section 2400 or any other law.

(c)In addition to any other practices authorized by law, a nurse practitioner who meets the requirements of this section may perform the following functions without the supervision of a physician and surgeon in accordance with their education and training:

(1)Conduct an advanced assessment.

(2)Order and interpret diagnostic procedures.

(3)Establish primary and differential diagnoses.

(4)Prescribe, order, administer, dispense, and furnish therapeutic measures, including, but not limited to, the following:

(A)Diagnose, prescribe, and institute therapy or referrals of patients to health care agencies, health care providers, and community resources.

(B)Prescribe, administer, dispense, and furnish pharmacological agents, including over-the-counter, legend, and controlled substances.

(C)Plan and initiate a therapeutic regimen that includes ordering and prescribing nonpharmacological interventions, including, but not limited to, durable medical equipment, medical devices, nutrition, blood and blood products, and diagnostic and supportive services, including, but not limited to, home health care, hospice, and physical and occupational therapy.

(5)After performing a physical examination, certify disability pursuant to Section 2708 of the Unemployment Insurance Code.

(6)Delegate tasks to a medical assistant pursuant to Sections 1206.5, 2069, 2070, and 2071, and Article 2 (commencing with Section 1366) of Chapter 3 of Division 13 of Title 16 of the California Code of Regulations.

(d)A nurse practitioner shall refer a patient to a physician and surgeon or other licensed health care provider if a situation or condition of a patient is beyond the scope of the education and training of the nurse practitioner.

(e)A nurse practitioner practicing under this section shall maintain professional liability insurance appropriate for the practice setting.

SEC. 4.Section 2837.2 is added to the Business and Professions Code, to read:

2837.2.

(a)Notwithstanding any other law, a nurse practitioner who holds an active certification by a national certifying body recognized by the board may practice without supervision by a physician and surgeon if, in addition to satisfying the requirements of this article, the nurse practitioner satisfies both of the following requirements:

(1)The nurse practitioner has successfully completed a transition to practice program.

(2)A supervising physician and surgeon at the clinic, facility, or medical group attests under penalty of perjury to the board that the nurse practitioner has successfully completed the transition to practice program and is proficient in the competencies identified by the board to practice pursuant to this section.

(b)A nurse practitioner authorized to practice pursuant to this section shall comply with all of the following:

(1)The nurse practitioner, consistent with applicable standards of care, shall practice within the scope of their clinical and professional training and within the limits of their knowledge and experience.

(2)The nurse practitioner shall consult and collaborate with other healing arts providers based on the clinical condition of the patient to whom health care is provided.

(3)The nurse practitioner shall establish a plan for referral of complex medical cases and emergencies to a physician and surgeon or other appropriate healing arts providers.

(c)For purposes of this section, “transition to practice program” means a program in which additional clinical experience and mentorship are provided to prepare a nurse practitioner to practice without the routine presence of a physician and surgeon. A transition to practice program shall meet all of the following requirements:

(1)The transition to practice program shall consist of a minimum of three years or 4,600 hours.

(2)The transition to practice program shall require proficiency in competencies identified by the board by regulation.

(3)The transition to practice program is conducted in one of the settings specified in paragraphs (1) to (4), inclusive, of subdivision (a) of Section 2837.1 in which one or more physicians and surgeons practices concurrently with the nurse practitioner.

(d)A nurse practitioner practicing under this section shall maintain professional liability insurance appropriate for the practice setting.

SEC. 3.

 Article 8.5 (commencing with Section 2837.100) is added to Chapter 6 of Division 2 of the Business and Professions Code, to read:

Article  8.5. Advanced Practice Registered Nurses

2837.100.

 It is the intent of the Legislature that the requirements under this article shall not be undue or unnecessary burden to licensure or practice. The requirements are intended to ensure the new category of licensed nurse practitioners have the least restrictive amount of education, training, and testing necessary to ensure competent practice.

2837.101.

 (a) There is in the Department of Consumer Affairs the Advanced Practice Registered Nursing Board consisting of nine members.

(b) For purposes of this article, “board” means the Advanced Practice Registered Nursing Board.

(c) This section shall remain in effect only until January 1, 2026, and as of that date is repealed.

2837.102.

 Notwithstanding any other law, the repeal of Section 2837.101 renders the board or its successor subject to review by the appropriate policy committees of the Legislature.

2837.103.

 (a) (1) Until January 1, 2026, four members of the board shall be licensed registered nurses who shall be active as a nurse practitioner and shall be active in the practice of their profession engaged primarily in direct patient care with at least five continuous years of experience.

(2) Commencing January 1, 2026, four members of the board shall be nurse practitioners licensed under this chapter.

(b) Three members of the board shall be physicians and surgeons licensed by the Medical Board of California or the Osteopathic Medical Board of California. At least one of the physician and surgeon members shall work closely with a nurse practitioner. The remaining physician and surgeon members shall focus on primary care in their practice.

(c) Two members of the board shall represent the public at large and shall not be licensed under any board under this division or any board referred to in Section 1000 or 3600.

2837.104.

 (a) (1) Notwithstanding any other law, a nurse practitioner who holds a certification as a nurse practitioner from a national certifying body recognized by the board may perform the functions specified in subdivision (c) without supervision by a physician and surgeon if the nurse practitioner meets all of the requirements of this article and practices in one of the following settings or organizations in which one or more physicians and surgeons practice with the nurse practitioner:

(A) A clinic, as defined in Section 1200 of the Health and Safety Code.

(B) A health facility, as defined in Section 1250 of the Health and Safety Code.

(C) A facility described in Chapter 2.5 (commencing with Section 1440) of Division 2 of the Health and Safety Code.

(D) A medical group practice, including a professional medical corporation, as defined in Section 2406, another form of corporation controlled by physicians and surgeons, a medical partnership, a medical foundation exempt from licensure, or another lawfully organized group of physicians and surgeons that provides health care services.

(2) In health care agencies that have governing bodies, as defined in Division 5 of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations, including, but not limited to, Sections 70701 and 70703 of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations, the following apply:

(A) A nurse practitioner shall adhere to all bylaws.

(B) A nurse practitioner shall be eligible to serve on medical staff and hospital committees. A nurse practitioner who is not the holder of an active certificate pursuant to Section 2837.105 shall not serve as chair of medical staff committees.

(C) A nurse practitioner shall be eligible to attend meetings of the department to which the nurse practitioner is assigned. A nurse practitioner who is not the holder of an active certificate pursuant to Section 2837.105 shall not vote at department, division, or other meetings.

(b) An entity described in subparagraphs (A) to (D), inclusive, of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) shall not interfere with, control, or otherwise direct the professional judgment of a nurse practitioner functioning pursuant to this section in a manner prohibited by Section 2400 or any other law.

(c) In addition to any other practices authorized by law, a nurse practitioner who meets the requirements of this section may perform the following functions without the supervision of a physician and surgeon in accordance with their education and training:

(1) Conduct an advanced assessment.

(2) Order and interpret diagnostic procedures.

(3) Establish primary and differential diagnoses.

(4) Prescribe, order, administer, dispense, and furnish therapeutic measures, including, but not limited to, the following:

(A) Diagnose, prescribe, and institute therapy or referrals of patients to health care agencies, health care providers, and community resources.

(B) Prescribe, administer, dispense, and furnish pharmacological agents, including over-the-counter, legend, and controlled substances.

(C) Plan and initiate a therapeutic regimen that includes ordering and prescribing nonpharmacological interventions, including, but not limited to, durable medical equipment, medical devices, nutrition, blood and blood products, and diagnostic and supportive services, including, but not limited to, home health care, hospice, and physical and occupational therapy.

(5) After performing a physical examination, certify disability pursuant to Section 2708 of the Unemployment Insurance Code.

(6) Delegate tasks to a medical assistant pursuant to Sections 1206.5, 2069, 2070, and 2071, and Article 2 (commencing with Section 1366) of Chapter 3 of Division 13 of Title 16 of the California Code of Regulations.

(d) A nurse practitioner shall refer a patient to a physician and surgeon or other licensed health care provider if a situation or condition of a patient is beyond the scope of the education and training of the nurse practitioner.

(e) A nurse practitioner practicing under this section shall maintain professional liability insurance appropriate for the practice setting.

2837.105.

 (a) Notwithstanding any other law, the following apply to a nurse practitioner who is actively licensed under this article and who holds an active certification issued by the board under this section:

(1) The nurse practitioner may practice without supervision by a physician and surgeon outside of the settings or organizations specified under subparagraphs (A) to (D), inclusive, of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 2387.104.

(2) Subject to subdivision (g) and any applicable conflict of interest policies of the bylaws, the nurse practitioner shall be eligible for membership of an organized medical staff.

(3) Subject to subdivision (g) and any applicable conflict of interest policies of the bylaws, a nurse practitioner member may vote at meetings of the department to which nurse practitioners are assigned.

(b) The board shall issue a certificate to practice outside of the settings and organizations specified under subparagraphs (A) to (D), inclusive, of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) if, in addition to satisfying the requirements of this article, the nurse practitioner satisfies all of the following requirements:

(1) The nurse practitioner meets one of the following:

(A) Holds a Doctorate of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) and holds active national certification in a nurse practitioner role and population foci by a national certifying body recognized by the board.

(B) Holds a Master of Science degree in Nursing (MSN) and holds active national certification in a nurse practitioner role and population foci by a national certifying body recognized by the board and has two years of licensed practice as a nurse practitioner.

(2) The nurse practitioner has successfully completed a transition to practice.

(c) (1) Upon application of an applicant who meets the requirements for a certificate under this section, the board shall issue an inactive certificate.

(2) Upon application of a holder of a certificate issued pursuant to this section, the board shall change the status of an active certificate to inactive.

(3) The holder of an inactive certificate shall not engage in any activity for which an active certificate under this section is required and is not otherwise subject to the provisions of this section.

(4) Upon application of the holder of a certificate issued pursuant to this section, the board shall change the status of an inactive certificate to active if the holder’s license is in good standing and the holder pays the renewal fee.

(d) A nurse practitioner authorized to practice pursuant to this section shall comply with all of the following:

(1) The nurse practitioner, consistent with applicable standards of care, shall practice within the scope of their clinical and professional education and training and within the limits of their knowledge and experience.

(2) The nurse practitioner shall consult and collaborate with other healing arts providers based on the clinical condition of the patient to whom health care is provided.

(3) The nurse practitioner shall establish a plan for referral of complex medical cases and emergencies to a physician and surgeon or other appropriate healing arts providers.

(e) For purposes of this section, “transition to practice” means additional clinical experience and mentorship are provided to prepare a nurse practitioner to practice without the routine presence of a physician and surgeon. A transition to practice shall meet all of the following requirements:

(1) The transition to practice shall consist of a minimum of three years or 4,600 hours.

(2) The transition to practice shall require proficiency in competencies identified by the board by regulation.

(3) The transition to practice is conducted in one of the settings or organizations specified in subparagraphs (A) to (D), inclusive, of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 2837.104 in which one or more physicians and surgeons practice with the nurse practitioner.

(4) After the nurse practitioner satisfies paragraph (1) of this subdivision, the nurse practitioner shall pass an objective examination developed and administered by the board. The examination shall test the competencies identified under paragraph (2) of this subdivision.

(f) A nurse practitioner practicing under this section shall maintain professional liability insurance appropriate for the practice setting.

(g) For purposes of this section, corporations and other artificial legal entities shall have no professional rights, privileges, or powers.

(h) Subdivision (g) shall not apply to a nurse practitioner if any of the following apply:

(1) The certificate issued pursuant to this section is inactive, surrendered, revoked, or otherwise restricted by the board.

(2) The nurse practitioner is employed pursuant to the exemptions under Section 2401.

SEC. 5.SEC. 4.

 No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution.