CHAPTER
1.5. Gene Synthesis Providers
24200.
For the purposes of this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:(a) “Dangerous pathogen” means severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19), a pathogen on the select agents and toxins list maintained by the Federal Select Agent Program, the list of human and animal pathogens and toxins for export control maintained by the Australia Group, and any other regulated pathogen identified by the department.
(b) “Department” means the State Department of Public Health.
(c) “Gene synthesis equipment” means equipment needed to produce gene synthesis products that is not readily used for
any other purpose, as specified by the department.
(d) “Gene synthesis product” is double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), double-stranded nucleic acids, RNA, or oligonucleotides, designed and created without an existing DNA template.
(e) (1) “Gene synthesis provider” means an entity that does any of the following:
(A) An entity that creates gene synthesis products for delivery to a customer.
(B) A distributor of gene synthesis products, including, but not limited to, entities who manufacture gene products for use by other parties, both inside and outside of the entity.
(C) A third-party entity that is not the end user of a gene synthesis product and
does not make gene synthesis products, but otherwise fills, completes, modifies, or purifies gene synthesis products.
(2) “Gene synthesis provider” does not include a research scientist making gene synthesis products for the research scientist’s own use or for use by another research scientist.
24201.
(a) On or before January 1, 2023, the department shall, with input from industry stakeholders and universities, develop gene sequence and customer screening guidelines for gene synthesis providers and manufacturers of gene synthesis equipment. The department’s primary purpose in developing these guidelines shall be to increase gene synthesis security and improve biosecurity efforts to prevent, deter, detect, attribute, and mitigate the misuse of gene synthesis products in California.(b) The guidelines developed pursuant to subdivision (a) shall include a requirement that gene synthesis providers identify gene synthesis product orders that include dangerous pathogen sequences and other potentially dangerous sequences and, if a dangerous
pathogen or other potentially dangerous sequence is identified, a requirement that the order be reviewed by a human and subject to additional screening.
24202.
The department shall develop a process to certify that gene synthesis providers and manufacturers of gene synthesis equipment are in compliance with the guidelines developed pursuant to Section 24201. The certification process shall include, at a minimum, a review of each entity’s compliance biennially.24203.
(a) Beginning January 1, 2024, gene synthesis providers and manufacturers of gene synthesis equipment operating in California shall be certified pursuant to Section 24202.(b) A gene synthesis provider or manufacturer of gene synthesis equipment that is not certified, or fails to maintain its certification, shall be subject to a civil penalty of one thousand dollars ($1,000) per day that it is not certified.
24204.
(a) Beginning January 1, 2024, any entity that is the recipient of state resources, including, but not limited to, funds, the use of facilities, materials, and labor, whether or not the resources are received as part of a project with another entity that does not receive state resources, shall purchase gene synthesis products from a gene synthesis provider, and gene synthesis equipment from a manufacturer of gene synthesis equipment, that is certified pursuant to Section 24202, whether or not the gene synthesis provider or manufacturer of gene synthesis equipment is operating in California.(b) An entity that does not comply with subdivision (a) may have access to all state resources revoked for the duration of the
noncompliance.
24205.
The department shall develop an appeals process for gene synthesis providers and manufacturers subject to a civil penalty pursuant to Section 24203 and for entities subject to state resource revocation pursuant to Section 24204. The appeals process shall ensure that appellants are provided with due process.