Bill Text: CA AB1080 | 2019-2020 | Regular Session | Amended
NOTE: There are more recent revisions of this legislation. Read Latest Draft
Bill Title: Solid waste: packaging and products.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 21-0)
Status: (Engrossed - Dead) 2020-09-04 - Held at Desk pursuant to Joint Rule 51(b)(3). [AB1080 Detail]
Download: California-2019-AB1080-Amended.html
42042.
(a) Before January 1, 2023, 2024, the department shall, in consultation with all relevant state agencies with jurisdiction over sources of waste in California, and local jurisdictions and regional agencies charged with meeting waste diversion goals, adopt regulations that do all of the following: 42043, 42042, the department shall develop criteria to determine which types of single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic products are reusable, recyclable, or compostable. manufacturer of single-use plastic packaging or priority single-use plastic products covered entity shall demonstrate the following recycling rates as a condition of sale of single-use plastic packaging or priority single-use plastic products:
Bill Title: Solid waste: packaging and products.
Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 21-0)
Status: (Engrossed - Dead) 2020-09-04 - Held at Desk pursuant to Joint Rule 51(b)(3). [AB1080 Detail]
Download: California-2019-AB1080-Amended.html
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Amended
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Senate
June 20, 2019 |
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Amended
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Assembly
May 22, 2019 |
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Amended
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Assembly
May 07, 2019 |
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Amended
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Assembly
March 19, 2019 |
CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE—
2019–2020 REGULAR SESSION
| Assembly Bill | No. 1080 |
| Introduced by Assembly Members Gonzalez, Calderon, Friedman, and Ting (Principal coauthor: Assembly Member Bloom) (Principal coauthor: Senator Allen) (Coauthors: Assembly Members Boerner Horvath, Carrillo, Kalra, Kamlager-Dove, (Coauthors: Senators Skinner, Stern, Wieckowski, and Wiener) |
February 21, 2019 |
An act to add Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 42040) to Part 3 of Division 30 of the Public Resources Code, relating to solid waste.
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST
AB 1080, as amended, Gonzalez.
California Circular Economy and Plastic Pollution Reduction Act.
The California Integrated Waste Management Act of 1989, administered by the Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, generally regulates the disposal, management, and recycling of solid waste, including, among other solid waste, single-use plastic straws.
The Sustainable Packaging for the State of California Act of 2018 prohibits a food service facility located in a state-owned facility, operating on or acting as a concessionaire on state property, or under contract to provide food service to a state agency from dispensing prepared food using a type of food service packaging unless the type of food service packaging is on a list that the department publishes and maintains on its internet website that contains types of approved food service packaging that are reusable, recyclable, or compostable.
Existing law makes a legislative declaration that it is the policy goal of the state that not less than 75% of solid waste generated be source reduced, recycled, or composted by 2020.
This bill would enact the California Circular Economy and Plastic Pollution Reduction Act, which would establish the policy goal of the state that, by 2030, manufacturers and retailers achieve a 75% reduction of the waste generated from single-use packaging and products offered for sale or sold in the state through source reduction, recycling, or composting. The bill would require the department, before January 1, 2023, 2024, to
adopt regulations that require manufacturers and retailers
covered entities, as defined, to source reduce, to the maximum extent feasible, single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products, as defined, and to ensure that by 2030 all single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products in the California market are recyclable or compostable. The bill would require those regulations to achieve, by 2030, a 75% reduction of the waste generated from single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products offered for sale or sold in the state through source reduction, recycling, or composting, and would establish a policy goal to achieve, by 2030, a 75% reduction of the waste generated from all other single-use products offered for sale or sold in the state through source reduction, recycling, or composting.
The bill would require manufacturers and retailers covered entities to annually report specified information to the department. The bill would require the department, before adopting the regulations, to develop a scoping plan, as specified.
The bill would require the department to develop criteria to determine which types of single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic products are reusable, recyclable, or compostable. The bill would require local governments, solid waste facilities, recycling facilities, and composting facilities to provide information requested by the department for purposes of developing that criteria. By imposing additional duties on local governments, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.
The bill would require a manufacturer of single-use plastic packaging or priority single-use plastic products covered entity
to demonstrate a recycling rate of not less than 20% on and after January 1, 2024, not less than 40% on and after January 1, 2028, and not less than 75% on and after January 1, 2030, as a condition of sale, sale of single-use plastic packaging or priority single-use plastic products, and would authorize the department to impose a higher recycling rate as a condition of sale, as specified. The bill would require the department to create, update, and post on its internet website a list of recycling rates of single-use plastic packaging and priority single-use plastic products, as specified.
The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse
local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.
This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the state, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to the statutory provisions noted above.
Digest Key
Vote: MAJORITY Appropriation: NO Fiscal Committee: YES Local Program: YESBill Text
The people of the State of California do enact as follows:
SECTION 1.
Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 42040) is added to Part 3 of Division 30 of the Public Resources Code, to read:CHAPTER 3. California Circular Economy and Plastic Pollution Reduction Act
42040.
This chapter shall be known, and may be cited, as the California Circular Economy and Plastic Pollution Reduction Act.42041.
The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(a) Annual global production of plastic has reached 335 million tons and continues to rise. The United States alone discards 30 million tons each year. Global plastic production is projected to more than triple by 2050, accounting for 20 percent of all fossil fuel consumption.
(b) Without action, projections estimate that by 2050 the mass of plastic pollution in the ocean will exceed the mass of fish. A study by the University of Exeter and Plymouth Marine Laboratory in the United Kingdom found plastics in the gut of every single sea turtle examined and in 90 percent of seabirds. Additionally, plastic negatively affects marine ecosystems and
wildlife, as demonstrated by countless seabirds, turtles, and marine mammals, including, but not limited to, whales and dolphins, dying from plastic ingestion or entanglement.
(c) Based on data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries trade statistics, and industry news source Resource Recycling, the national recycling rate for plastic is projected to sink from 9.1 percent in 2015 to 4.4 percent in 2018, and could drop to 2.9 percent in 2019. Even in California, less than 15 percent of single-use plastic is recycled.
(d) Before 2017, the United States was sending 4,000 shipping containers a day full of American waste to China every year, including two-thirds of California’s recyclable materials. However, China has implemented the Green Fence, National Sword, and Blue Sky policies, severely restricting the amount of
contaminated and poorly sorted plastics it would accept. This shift in China’s policy has resulted in the loss of markets for low-value plastic packaging that was previously considered recyclable. That material is now being landfilled or burned.
(e) Additionally, the foreign market for recycled paper has collapsed in California. Foreign exports of mixed paper fell from over 400,000 tons in the first quarter of 2017 to just 136,000 tons in the first quarter of 2018. The price of mixed paper fell from ninety-five dollars ($95) per ton to just ten dollars ($10) a ton in the same timeframe.
(f) The loss of markets for recyclable material has added huge costs to local governments for the disposal and diversion of material. For many cities, counties, and waste haulers in California, recycling has turned from a profitable business into an activity that actually costs local governments
money. These costs are being absorbed by city general funds or by rate increases on residents for waste collection.
(g) The environmental and public health impacts of plastic pollution are devastating and the environmental externalities and public costs of cleaning up and mitigating plastic pollution are already staggering and continue to grow.
(h) Local governments in California annually spend in excess of four hundred twenty million dollars ($420,000,000) in ongoing efforts to clean up and prevent plastic and other litter from entering our rivers and streams and polluting our beaches and oceans.
(i) Evidence now shows that even our own food and drinking water sources are contaminated with plastic. Microplastics have been found in tap water, bottled water, table salt, and fish and shellfish from local California
fish markets. A growing body of research is finding plastic and associated toxins throughout the food web, including in our blood, feces, and tissues. Exposure to these toxins has been linked to cancers, birth defects, impaired immunity, endocrine disruption, and other ailments.
(j) It is the policy goal of the state that not less than 75 percent of solid waste generated be source reduced, recycled, or composted by the year 2020. However, as of 2017, the state was only on track to reach 44 percent, falling far short of this important goal. Additionally, the state has done little to require businesses to reduce the amount of packaging and single-use product waste they generate in California.
(k) As the fifth largest economy in the world, California has a responsibility to lead on solutions to the growing plastic pollution crisis, and to lead in the reduction of unnecessary waste
generally.
(l) Further, businesses selling products into California have a responsibility to ensure that their packaging and products are minimizing waste, including ensuring materials used are reusable, recyclable, or compostable. This responsibility includes paying for the cost of the negative externality of recovery for materials they sell in California.
(a)Consistent with the policy goal established in Section 41780.01, it is the policy goal of the State of California that, by 2030, manufacturers and retailers of single-use packaging and products achieve a 75-percent reduction of the waste generated from single-use packaging and products offered for sale or sold in the state through source reduction, recycling, or composting.
(b)In accordance with the policy goal established in subdivision (a), it is the intent of the Legislature that manufacturers and retailers of single-use packaging and products do all of the following:
(1)Source reduce single-use packaging and products, and transition single-use packaging and products to reusable packaging and products, to the maximum extent feasible.
(2)Ensure all single-use packaging and products that are offered for sale or sold in California are recyclable or compostable, as determined by the department pursuant to Section
42044.
(3)For single-use plastic packaging and products that are offered for sale or sold in California, reduce waste generation by 75 percent through combined source reduction and recycling.
42043.42042.
(a) Before January 1,(1) (A) Require manufacturers and retailers of single-use packaging
covered entities to source reduce single-use packaging to the maximum extent feasible.
(B) Require manufacturers and retailers of single-use packaging covered entities to ensure that by 2030 all single-use packaging in the California market is recyclable or compostable as determined by the department pursuant to Section 42044.
(2) (A) Require manufacturers and retailers of priority single-use plastic products
covered entities to source reduce priority single-use plastic products to the maximum extent feasible.
(B) Require manufacturers and retailers of priority single-use plastic products covered entities to ensure that
by 2030 priority single-use plastic products in the California market are recyclable or compostable as determined by the department pursuant to Section 42044.
(C)For purposes of this chapter, “priority single-use plastic products” means the 10
single-use plastic products that are the most littered in California, as determined by the department based on litter surveys conducted in California between 2017 and 2020.
(3) Achieve a 75-percent reduction by 2030 of the waste generated from single-use packaging and priority single use plastic products offered for sale or sold in the state through source reduction, recycling, or composting.
(b) (1) Before adopting the regulations, the department shall develop a scoping plan for meeting the requirements of this section.
(2) As part of the scoping plan, the department shall conduct extensive outreach to
stakeholders. This outreach shall include, but is not limited to, all of the following:
(A) Convening a series of public workshops throughout the state to give interested parties an opportunity to comment.
(B) Convening a series of stakeholder meetings designed to facilitate dialogue between stakeholders representing different interest groups such as local governments, the solid waste and recycling industries, product and packaging manufacturers, retailers, trade associations, and environmental organizations. These meetings shall be held throughout the state to increase the opportunity for participation and shall inform the development of regulations pursuant to this section.
(3) As part of the scoping plan, the department shall evaluate the
feasibility of employing the following regulatory measures:
(A) Developing incentives and policies to maximize and encourage in-state manufacturing using recycled material generated in California.
(B) Developing economic mechanisms to reduce the distribution of single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products.
(C) Discouraging, to the extent feasible, the litter, export, or improper disposal of single-use packaging, products, and other materials likely to harm the environment or public health in California or elsewhere in the world.
(D) Requiring individuals or entities, including, but not limited to, brokers, processors, and sorting facilities,
to notify the department prior to the export of unprocessed plastic for recycling in a country that is not a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
(E) Establishing labeling requirements regarding the recyclability or compostability of single-use packaging and products. Labeling may reflect whether the packaging or product can be readily recycled or composted and whether the packaging or product is likely to contaminate other recyclable or compostable material or complicate processing.
(F) Adopting model best practices for manufacturers and retailers to reduce packaging waste, including through the creation of effective and convenient take-back opportunities, deposit systems, reusable and refillable delivery systems, or similar mechanisms.
(G) Developing alternative compliance mechanisms for manufacturers and retailers, including market mechanisms that reduce the overall material usage across a company’s product line or between multiple manufacturers of similar products.
(H) Adopting actions identified through the California Ocean Litter Prevention Strategy and the Statewide Microplastics Strategy.
(I) Establishing an extended producer responsibility program to require manufacturers and retailers to contribute to the costs associated with processing the single-use packaging and products they produce.
(J) Establishing criteria for the source reduction requirements specified in subdivision (a), including reducing weight,
volume, or quantity of single-use packaging and product material in a way that does not decrease the ability of the material to be recycled or reused.
(K) Establishing minimum postconsumer recycled content requirements for single-use packaging and products.
(c) The department may identify single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic products that, while determined to be single use for purposes of this chapter, present unique challenges in complying with this chapter. For any packaging or products identified as presenting those unique challenges, the department shall develop a plan to phase the packaging or products into the regulations.
(d)For purposes of this chapter, medical devices, medical products that are required to be sterile, prescription medicine, and the packaging used for these products shall not be considered single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic products.
(e)
(d) The regulations shall include a mechanism for accounting for the total statewide generation of single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products in order to set a baseline amount for waste generation from these sources.
(f)
(e) (1) The department shall require manufacturers and retailers of single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products
a covered entity to annually report all of the following information to the department: department for the covered entity’s single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products:
(A) The quantity, weight, volume, and type of single-use packaging and product materials sold into California by the manufacturer or retailer covered entity annually.
(B) The quantity, weight, volume, and type of material source reduced by the manufacturer or retailer
covered entity annually.
(C) Any other data the department deems necessary to establish a baseline for waste generation and subsequent source reduction by a manufacturer or retailer. covered entity.
(2) Any market sensitive data received by the department pursuant to this subdivision shall be held confidentially by the department to the extent required by existing law.
(3) The department may create an online registration form to facilitate submitting reports pursuant to this subdivision.
(4) The department may audit reports submitted pursuant to this subdivision to ensure compliance with this chapter.
(g)
(f) The regulations shall include direct source reductions of single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products to the maximum extent feasible, in accordance with subdivision (a), as follows:
(1) To determine the amount of source reduction required pursuant to the regulations, the department shall establish a baseline for each manufacturer and retailer of priority single-use plastic products or single-use packaging
covered entity using the last three years of packaging material and product data sold by that manufacturer or retailer covered entity into or in the State of California. For purposes of this chapter, source reduction shall not include replacing a recyclable or compostable material with a nonrecyclable or noncompostable material, and shall not include a shift to plastic material. The department may consider single-use packaging and product reductions achieved by a manufacturer or retailer covered entity
before the effective date of the regulations if the manufacturer or retailer covered entity can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that the manufacturer or retailer
covered entity reduced the single-use packaging or product in a manner consistent with this chapter.
(2) To determine which source reduction measures to implement, the department shall consider which single-use packaging is prone to become litter, has readily available alternatives, makes up a significant portion of the waste stream, or has established, or the potential for, recycling or composting infrastructure.
(3) When establishing the source reduction measures, the department shall avoid incentivizing regrettable substitutions.
(4) In developing the regulations, the department shall count a manufacturer’s
covered entity’s source reductions achieved to comply with Chapter 5.5 (commencing with Section 42300) toward compliance with this chapter.
(h)
(g) If the department determines that early actions to source reduce certain single-use packaging and priority single-use plastic products can further the purposes of this chapter, the department may adopt regulations to achieve those reductions.
(i)
(h) In developing the regulations, the department shall consider all relevant information on reduction programs in other states, localities, and nations, including, but not limited to, the European Union, India, Costa Rica, and Canada.
(j)
(i) As an alternative compliance mechanism, the department may allow manufacturers and retailers
covered entities to comply with the regulations through alternative methods. The department shall provide technical guidance and outreach to these manufacturers and retailers covered entities to help them identify packaging and product reform solutions to achieve the requirements.
(k)
(j) The department shall ensure that any regulations adopted pursuant to this chapter account for health and safety as required by the United States Food and Drug
Administration.
42043.
(a) Consistent with the policy goal established in Section 41780.01, it is the policy goal of the State of California that, by 2030, covered entities achieve a 75-percent reduction of the waste generated from single-use products offered for sale or sold in the state that are not priority single-use plastic products through source reduction, recycling, or composting.(b) In accordance with the policy goal established in subdivision (a), it is the intent of the Legislature that covered entities do all of the following for single-use products that are not priority single-use plastic products:
(1) Source reduce those products, and transition those products to reusable products, to the
maximum extent feasible.
(2) Ensure those products are recyclable or compostable, as determined by the department pursuant to Section 42044.
(3) For single-use plastic products that are not priority single-use plastic products and that are offered for sale or sold in California, reduce waste generation by 75 percent through combined source reduction and recycling.
42044.
(a) In adopting regulations pursuant to Section(b) For purposes of determining if single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic products are recyclable, the director shall consider, at a minimum, all of the following criteria:
(1) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product
is eligible to be labeled as “recyclable” in accordance with the uniform standards contained in Article 7 (commencing with Section 17580) of Chapter 1 of Part 3 of Division 7 of the Business and Professions Code.
(2) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product is regularly collected, separated, and cleansed for recycling by recycling service providers.
(3) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product is regularly sorted and aggregated into defined streams for recycling processes.
(4) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product is regularly processed and reclaimed or recycled with commercial recycling processes.
(5) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use
plastic product material regularly becomes feedstock that is used in the production of new products.
(6) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product material is recycled in sufficient quantity, and is of sufficient quality, to maintain a market value.
(c) For purposes of determining if single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic products are compostable, the director shall consider, at a minimum, all of the following criteria:
(1) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product will, in a safe and timely manner, break down or otherwise become part of usable compost that can be composted in a public or private compost facility designed for and capable of processing postconsumer food waste and food-soiled paper.
(2) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product made from plastic is certified to meet the ASTM standard specification identified in either subparagraph (A) or (C) of paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) of Section 42356 and adopted in accordance with Section 42356.1, if applicable.
(3) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product is regularly collected and accepted for processing at public and private compost facilities.
(4) Whether the single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product is eligible to be labeled as “compostable” in accordance with the uniform standards contained in Article 7 (commencing with Section 17580) of Chapter 1 of Part 3 of Division 7 of the Business and Professions Code.
(d) (1) In implementing this section, the department may consult with local governments and representatives of the solid waste industry, the recycling industry, the compost industry, and single-use product and packaging manufacturers to determine if a type of single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic product is recyclable, reusable, or compostable.
(2) Local governments, solid waste facilities, recycling facilities, and composting facilities shall provide information requested by the department pursuant to paragraph (1) to the department.
42045.
(a) A(1) On and after January 1, 2024, not less than 20 percent.
(2) On and after January 1, 2028, not less than 40 percent.
(3) On and after January 1, 2030, not less than 75
percent.
(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), the department may impose a higher recycling rate as a condition of sale of single-use plastic packaging or priority single-use plastic products by a manufacturer covered entity as needed to achieve the requirements established in Section 42043.
42042.
(c) (1) The department shall create and post on its internet website a list of recycling rates by material type and form of single-use plastic packaging and priority single-use plastic products. In creating the list, the department may consider data gathered pursuant to any of the following:
(A) Chapter 746 of the Statutes of 2015.
(B) Chapter 6 (commencing with Section 42370).
(C) Chapter 395 of the Statutes of 2016.
(D) Chapter 5.5 (commencing with Section 42300).
(E) Division 12.1 (commencing with Section 14500).
(F) Data received from local jurisdictions.
(2) A covered entity may comply with subdivision (a) by submitting to the department
evidence that the particular type of single-use plastic packaging or priority single-use plastic product meets the applicable recycling rate threshold established in subdivision (a) by reference to a recycling rate on the department’s list or through another mechanism approved by the department.
(3) The department shall regularly, but no less than once every three years, evaluate the list of recycling rates to determine whether the recycling rates are still accurate. After evaluation, the department may amend the list to remove, add, or change recycling rates. The department shall post any updates to the list on its internet website.
(4) A covered entity that seeks to have its recycling rate included or changed on the list may be required by the department to submit data for purposes of the department’s determination of the recycling rate to include on the list.
(5) Development of, publication of, and updates made to the list pursuant to this subdivision are exempt from Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code.
(d) The department may audit demonstrations made pursuant to subdivision (a) to ensure compliance with this chapter.
(c)
(e) For purposes of this section, “recycling rate” means the percentage, as measured by
weight, volume, or number, of single-use plastic packaging or priority single-use plastic products sold or offered for sale in the state that is recycled over a three-year rolling period, as determined by the department. Recycling rate may be measured by either of the following:
(1) A particular type of single-use plastic packaging or priority single-use plastic product, such as a thermoformed or molded container, soft drink container, or detergent bottle.
(2) A single resin type, as specified in Section 18015.
42046.
(a) For purposes of this chapter, the following definitions apply:(1) (A) “Covered entity” means the person or company that manufactures the single-use packaging or single-use product that is sold in or into the state.
(B) If there is no person or company that meets the description in subparagraph (A) in the state, the covered entity is the person or company that imports the single-use packaging or single-use product into the state for sale or distribution.
(C) If there is no person or company that meets the description in either subparagraph (A) or (B) in the state, the covered entity is the
person or company that sells, offers for sale, or distributes the single-use packaging or single-use product in the state.
(2) “Priority single-use plastic products” means the 10 single-use plastic products, or categories of products, that are the most littered in California, as determined by the department. The department may reference any of the following when making this determination:
(A) Beach cleanup surveys.
(B) Factors relating to total maximum daily load or stormwater discharge requirements.
(C) International actions.
(3) (A) “Single-use packaging” means the packaging of a product when the packaging is routinely disposed of after its contents have been used
or unpackaged, and typically not refilled.
(B) Single-use packaging does not include any of the following:
(i) Packaging that is durable or washable, and routinely used for its original purpose multiple times before disposal.
(ii) Packaging containing toxic or hazardous products regulated by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. Sec. 136 et seq.).
(b) For purposes of this chapter, medical devices, medical products, prescription drugs, and the packaging used for these products, that require approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration shall not be considered single-use packaging or priority single-use plastic products.
